Universal language
According to Leibniz, the universal language (characteristica universalis) designates a system of signs with the help of which all objects and their relationships, laws, etc. are to be mapped in such a way that certain signs correspond to things and certain relationships between these signs correspond to the relationships between things should.
In particular, this program also includes the replacement of the operation with terms by the operation with characters. This characteristic universalis should be the basis of a scientia universalis , a universal science . The application of this universal language to the problem of mapping is of particular philosophical interest . The individual characters that are used to designate the objects may be arbitrary, but the structure of such a system of characters depicting a certain objectively real area of objects is not arbitrary.
The connection of the characters with each other is not arbitrary, but corresponds to the connection between the designated objects. Leibniz occupied himself with the problem of universal language all his life without succeeding in a systematic exposition. In a sense, modern logic can be understood as the realization of Leibniz's program. At the same time, it has also shown that Leibniz's program can only be implemented to a limited extent, and has already determined these limits quite precisely through Kurt Gödel's theorem of incompleteness and knowledge about the possibility of decision-making processes.
The universal science sought by Leibniz claims to have found the currently largely unknown philosopher Karl Christian Friedrich Krause in his essence theory. After the epistemological ascent to the basic knowledge of God as the one, infinite and absolute being, Krause guides all knowledge of all sciences (especially new parameters for logic, mathematics, natural science, spiritual science and divine science, ethics, religion and foundations of a world society) on and in that infinite and absolute beings. These new insights (categories) require a new language, a universal language (Or-Om language) with a new structure, which corresponds to the structure of God in and of itself and which transcends all previous language systems and their structures. Krause wrote a number of his works in this new language, which made it difficult to perceive them. He was of the opinion that he had carried out and completed the concept that Leibniz was looking for. In the sense of this system the problems of modern logic and mathematics can be solved.
See also
literature
Alphabetical
- Detlev Blanke: Leibniz and the Lingua Universalis. 1985. In: Meeting reports of the Leibniz Society 1996.
- Karl Christian Friedrich Krause : Lectures on the system of philosophy. 1828.
- Karl Christian Friedrich Krause: Universal Logic. (PDF; 1.73 MB)
- Karl Christian Friedrich Krause: Universal Mathematics.
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz: To the general characteristics. In: main writings for the foundation of philosophy. Volume 1. Translated by Artur Buchenau. Reviewed and edited with introductions and explanations by Ernst Cassirer, Verlag von Felix Meiner, Hamburg 1966, p. 30.
- Paolo Rossi : Clavis universalis. Arti della memoria e logica combinatoria da Lullo a Leibniz. Bologna 1983 ( Logic and the Art of Memory: The Quest for a Universal Language. Translation and preface by Stephen Clucas. London / New York 2006 ( Google Books )).
- F. Schmidt: Leibniz's rational grammar. In: Journal for Philosophical Research 9 (4), 1955, pp. 657–663.