Verbunkos
The Verbunkos [ ˈvɛɾbunkoʃ ], also hongroise ("Hungarian dance") is a Hungarian dance and music style that originated in the 18th century.
Verbunkos is derived from the German word “werben” and was originally played when recruiting soldiers. However, as early as the end of the 18th century, the music broke away from its original function and received its formative style through the characteristic presentation style of the musicians, who were mostly Roma . Roma are considered to be the actual bearers of the Verbunko. Prímás (first violinist and ensemble leader) János Bihari played a prominent role as the most famous composer and interpreter of Verbunkos.
In the second half of the 19th century, the Verbunkos also came to the opera houses . Two of the most famous operas by Ferenc Erkel , Hunyadi László and Bánk bán , were strongly influenced by this musical style.
The first movement of the composition Contrasts for Violin, Clarinet and Piano (1938) by Béla Bartók is called Verbunkos: Moderato ben ritmico . His Violin Concerto No. 2 is another example of the Verbunkos style.
Important musicians of the Verbunko
literature
- Jonathan Bellman: Verbunkos. In: Grove Music Online, 2001
- Bálint Sárosi: bagpipers, gypsy musicians ... The instrumental Hungarian folk music. Corvina, Budapest 1999
- Bence Szabolcsi : A Concise History of Hungarian Music. VI: The “Verbunkos”. The National Musical Style of the Nineteenth Century. Corvina, Budapest (1955) 1974
