Constitution of Somaliland

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The constitution of Somaliland is the constitution of the Republic of Somaliland , which declared itself independent from Somalia in 1991 and is not internationally recognized. It replaced the Transitional National Charter drawn up at the Boorama Conference in 1993 and was drawn up by President Egal and Parliament. The constitution created the prerequisites for the introduction of a multi-party democracy and was adopted by the voters in a referendum on May 31, 2001 .

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The constitution consists of a preamble and four chapters with a total of 130 articles.

In the preamble reference is made to the recent history of Somaliland and the assemblies of 1991, 1993 and 1996 and stipulates that the constitution should be based on the principles of the Sharia , the results of previous negotiations, the separation of powers , decentralization , the protection of the Property law and the free market, fundamental rights and individual freedoms and peaceful coexistence with other states.

The first part of Chapter 1 contains basic provisions on national territory, civil rights, religion, language and national symbols. The Islam is the state religion defines prohibited the propagation of other religions. Part 2 contains general principles such as the equality of all citizens, the responsibility of the state in education, health care and disaster relief and the limitation of the number of parties to three. The third part deals with the basic rights and duties of citizens. Article 24 grants the right to life , with the exception that those sentenced to death may be killed. Corporal punishment is prohibited. Article 33 (freedom of religion) states that no one may be forced to change religion. It also states that the Sharia does not allow an exit from Islam .

Chapter 2 deals in part 1 with the House of Representatives, the lower house of parliament, and in part 2 with the council of elders (upper house).

Chapter 3 is about the executive . Chapter 4 deals with the judiciary . Chapter 5 contains various other provisions.

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