Boorama

Boorama بوراما Boorama
Boorama
Coordinates	9 ° 56 '  N , 43 ° 11'  E Coordinates: 9 ° 56 '  N , 43 ° 11'  E
Basic data
Country	Somalia
	also claimed by Somaliland Awdalland
region	Awdal
District	Boorama
Residents	470,588 (calculated in 2014)
politics
mayor	Suleiman Hassan Hadi

Boorama ( Somali : Boorama ; Arabic بوراما), also written Booraama , Borama , Buramo or Borame , is a city in northern Somalia . It is the capital of the Awdal region , which is now claimed by the internationally unrecognized Somaliland . Boorama is on the border with Ethiopia and has a population of around 68,100.

With roots going back to the Middle Ages, Boorama is the trade, education and health center of the region today.

The winner of the 2003 Nansen Refugee Prize , Annalena Tonelli , was in charge of humanitarian projects in Boorama until she was shot dead by strangers on October 5, 2003 in the hospital she ran.

geography

Geographical location

Boorama is situated on hilly terrain with green meadows and fields. The fertile environment provides habitat for gazelles, numerous birds and wild camels. In view of the generally dry Somalia with very long periods of drought, a comparatively rich fauna can be found here.

In the surrounding area, in the valleys and on the slopes, livestock is mainly farmed with subsistence agriculture . Corn and sorghum , among other things, is grown in the fields . Gabions and retention dams are now being used to counter the ongoing erosion and the decline in yields in recent years .

climate

Boraama
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     6th   25th 10     21st   25th 12     36   28 14th     86   28 16     61   29 17th     32   30th 18th     78   29 18th     112   29 18th     86   27 17th     18th   27 14th     10   26th 11     2   24 10 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: climate-data.org

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Boraama Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 24.6 25.4 27.5 27.7 29.3 30th 28.8 29 27.4 27.4 25.8 24.4 O 27.3 Min. Temperature (° C) 9.7 11.7 13.8 15.7 17th 18.3 17.8 17.6 17.3 13.7 11.3 10.4 O 14.5 Temperature (° C) 17.1 18.5 20.6 21.7 23.1 24.1 23.3 23.2 23.1 20.5 18.5 17.4 O 20.9 Precipitation ( mm ) 6th 21st 36 86 61 32 78 112 86 18th 10 2 Σ 548 Source: climate-data.org

history

In the historic city of Amoud and in the wider area of ​​Boorama, numerous archaeological finds point to an eventful past. In addition to graves, ruins of old houses and mosques, there are also smaller finds, such as B. Shards of old Chinese porcelain. Most of these date from the 15th and 16th centuries, from a period of economic prosperity under the rule of the Sultanate of Adal .

During excavations in the 18th and 19th centuries, coins of the Sultan Kait-Bay from the series of the Burji Mamluks in Egypt were found in various places in the vicinity . Most of these are now in the British Museum in London .

In the first half of the 20th century, the city was part of the Protectorate of British Somaliland , from 1925 it was given the status of district capital.

Abdurahman Sheikh Nuur , a teacher at the Koran school and son of the Qādī of Boraama, began teaching a new orthography of the Somali language in 1933 , which is now known as the Boraama alphabet or Gadabuursi script . But it was only used in a small group of his students.

In 1993 a five-month peace conference took place in Boorama, at which the conflicts between the SNM faction and the minority clans of the Dir , Darod and Isaaq majorities in Somaliland were settled.

In 2010, local clan leaders proclaimed the area to be the autonomous state of Awdal State of Somalia or Awdalland with Boorama as the capital, thus renouncing Somaliland.

Education, Health and Infrastructure

The city is the location of the Amoud University. Founded in 1998, it was one of the first universities in the region and is regularly ranked among the top 10 universities in Somalia. There are also a number of schools in the city, such as B. Adan Isaaq School , Saw Community College , Sheikh Cismann Secondary School and Al-Aqsa Secondary School .

With the support of the UN Habitat program for housing and settlement , a functioning tax system was set up again from 2008, and the Joint Program on Local Governance and Decentralized Service Delivery (JPLG) formed by various UN institutions promoted the reconstruction of the infrastructure, especially the road system . In 2009, Boorama was recognized by JPLG as the best district in Somaliland for project implementation.

Boraama is known for its numerous hospitals, especially the Borama General Hospital . Opened under British administration as early as 1921, it became known worldwide through the tuberculosis ward set up by Annalena Tonelli , where she laid the foundations for the tuberculosis treatment later recommended by the World Health Organization under the name DOTS . This is followed by a special school for up to 250 blind, deaf or otherwise severely disabled children and an education center against dangers and for the treatment of AIDS . There is also the National Borama Fistula Hospital , founded in 2007, and in the east of the city the Al Hayatt medical center attached to Amoud University .

To the north of the city is a sports field named after the Somali poet Hassan Sheikh Moomin , who lived in Boorama for some time from his youth. To the west is the Seeraha Range , probably the largest and oldest city park in Somaliland. It was laid out by the British in 1940 and has largely been preserved.

Boorama has Borama Airport (IATA Code: BXX) west of the city, the only airport in the Awdal region. However, after Djibouti Airlines ceased operations in 2009 , only Daallo Airlines and Jubba Airways (Somalia) fly to Somalia , whose websites currently (July 2013) do not offer any regular flights to Boorama.

Web links

Commons : Borama  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Yusuf M Hasan: Somaliland: Las Anod Gets Elected Mayor. (No longer available online.) In: Somaliland Sun. December 20, 2012, archived from the original on August 20, 2013 ; accessed on July 16, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
2. ↑ bevölkerungsstatistik.de , accessed on July 10, 2013
3. ↑ Borama communities successfully battle soil erosion. (No longer available online.) In: UNDP Somalia stories. United Nations Development Program Somalia, March 1, 2010, archived from the original on June 1, 2013 ; accessed on July 13, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
4. ^ Royal Geographical Society: The Geographical Journal , Issue 87, year 1936, p. 301
5. ↑ Somali. Borama / Gadabuursi alphabet. In: omniglot.com. Retrieved July 13, 2013 . 
6. ^ Mukhtar Mohamed Abby: Let's Put Somaliland First. In: The Somaliland Times, issue 371. March 13, 2009, p. Issue 371 , accessed July 13, 2013 . 
7. ↑ Ranking Web of Universities: Somalia , from Webometrics Ranking of World Universities , accessed July 10, 2013
8. ↑ Borama Mayor Proud of His District's achievements. (No longer available online.) In: UNDP Somalia stories. United Nations Development Program Somalia, archived from the original on June 1, 2013 ; accessed on July 13, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.