Solidification (material science)
red: ideal elastic-plastic material (without solidification)
blue: material with solidification
Solidification is a term from materials science and describes the increase in the mechanical strength of a material due to plastic deformation . The tensile strength of the material increases, which means that the material fails ( rupture ) only at higher stresses .
Occur
In the case of metals in particular , solidification occurs when they are plastically deformed , possibly also locally, beyond the elastic limit . In the tensile test , this is noticeable in that the true stress-strain curve after the elastic limit is exceeded does not run horizontally, but rather increases (see graphic). Solidification can also be generated locally by high frequency impact treatment , shot peening , deep rolling and other mechanical processing methods.
Emergence
The solidification comes about because dislocations are generated in the crystal lattice during the plastic deformation and are moved through the crystal lattice. These dislocations can result from lattice defects such as B. damming grain boundaries so that their movement through the crystal lattice is inhibited. As a result, the stress that is necessary for further plastic deformation continues to rise. If the dislocations in the crystal lattice can no longer move, the material separates and breaks .
See also
literature
- Hans-Jürgen Bargel, Günter Schulze (Ed.): Material science. 10th edited edition. Springer, Berlin et al. 2008, ISBN 978-3-540-79296-3 .
Web links
- Summary by Martin Elxnath, 2009, (pages 9, 15, 16, 17) (PDF file; 5.06 MB).
Individual evidence
- ^ Hans-Jürgen Bargel, Günter Schulze: Material science . Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008, ISBN 978-3-540-79297-0 , p. 2 ff . ( limited preview in Google Book search - illustrated).