Persecuted by the Nazi regime

Identity card of a person persecuted by the Nazi regime, issued in 1953

VdN grove of honor on the Weimar main cemetery

Persecuted by the Nazi regime ( VdN ) was the term used in the GDR for people who B. tried to eliminate the Nazi regime in Germany out of anti-fascist sentiments , or who were persecuted for racial, religious or other reasons.

Reparation

Legal situation in the GDR

Recognized persecutees of the Nazi regime enjoyed support and help from the state organs of the GDR, such as discounts on health care, the procurement of housing or study aid for children. Recognition was based on a guideline.

Recognized men received an honorary pension from the age of 60 at the latest, women from the age of 55 at the latest, and earlier in the case of premature disability in addition to the old-age pension from social security .

There were differences in the amount of the donations between those persecuted by fascism and the fighters against fascism , who, in addition to being recognized as those persecuted by fascism, had to demonstrate an advocacy for the "strengthening of workers 'and peasants' power in the German Democratic Republic".

The honorary pension for those persecuted by the Nazi regime was:

1976: 1,000 marks
1985: 1,300 marks
1988: 1,400 marks

The honorary pension for those who received the medal for fighters against fascism from 1933 to 1945 was:

1976: 1,200 marks
1985: 1,500 marks
1988: 1,700 marks

Legal situation after reunification

With effect from January 1, 1992, the previous honorary pensions were continued to be paid as compensation pensions.

For reasons of vested rights, the Compensation Pension Act granted a uniform pension in the amount of the last honorary pension of 1,400 DM / month for those persecuted by fascism. The previously higher benefits for fighters against fascism and their survivors were reduced to these amounts. In order to ensure equal treatment of victims of National Socialism in the old and new states, the compensation pensions were dynamized according to the principles governing pensions under the Federal Compensation Act . According to the requirements in Art. 19 Clause 2 of the Unification Treaty, regulations were also created to refuse, withdraw or reduce compensation pensions for people who had violated the principles of the rule of law and humanity. Pensions could also be awarded retrospectively to persons who had previously been illegally withheld from an honorary pension.

Remembrance and commemoration

In numerous places in the GDR, the VVN and later the committees of the anti-fascist resistance fighters created their own groves of honor and grave fields for the survivors of the Nazi regime recognized as VdN. These burial and memorial sites will continue to be used and maintained.

literature

Monika Zorn: The withdrawal of pensions from the victims of fascism. With a preface by Gilles Perrault ; Ahriman-Verlag: Freiburg 1994, ISBN 3-89484-401-9 ( online ).

Web links

Landesarchiv Berlin: Main Committee "Victims of Fascism" (OdF) / Section Persecuted by the Nazi Regime (VdN) (PDF; 998 kB)

Individual evidence

↑ Guidelines for recognition as persecuted by the Nazi regime of the Ministry of Labor and Health of the GDR of February 10, 1950, Law Gazette of the GDR, 1950, p. 92.
↑ Order issued by the Secretariat of the Council of Ministers of the German Democratic Republic on honorary pensions for fighters against fascism and for those persecuted by fascism as well as for their survivors from September 20, 1976 "Confidential official matter - VD 26/19/76 -"
^ Ordinance of February 22, 1958, GDR Law Gazette 1958, Part I, p. 198, Statute of the "Medal for Fighters Against Fascism 1933-1945"
↑ § 3 Paragraph I lit. b of the order of the Secretariat of the Council of Ministers of the GDR from September 20, 1976 "Confidential official matter - VD 26/19/76 -"
↑ § 3 Paragraph I lit. a of the order of the Secretariat of the Council of Ministers of the GDR of September 20, 1976 "Confidential official matter - VD 26/19/76 -"
↑ Compensation Pension Act (EntRG) of April 22, 1992 ( Federal Law Gazette I p. 906 )
^ Draft by the parliamentary groups of the CDU / CSU, SPD and FDP of a law on compensation pensions for victims of National Socialism in the accession area (compensation pensions law ) BT-Drucksache 12/1790 of December 11, 1991, explanatory statement, p. 5 ff.

[1] Guidelines for recognition as persecuted by the Nazi regime of the Ministry of Labor and Health of the GDR of February 10, 1950, Law Gazette of the GDR, 1950, p. 92.

[2] Order issued by the Secretariat of the Council of Ministers of the German Democratic Republic on honorary pensions for fighters against fascism and for those persecuted by fascism as well as for their survivors from September 20, 1976 "Confidential official matter - VD 26/19/76 -"

[3] Ordinance of February 22, 1958, GDR Law Gazette 1958, Part I, p. 198, Statute of the "Medal for Fighters Against Fascism 1933-1945"

[4] § 3 Paragraph I lit. b of the order of the Secretariat of the Council of Ministers of the GDR from September 20, 1976 "Confidential official matter - VD 26/19/76 -"

[5] § 3 Paragraph I lit. a of the order of the Secretariat of the Council of Ministers of the GDR of September 20, 1976 "Confidential official matter - VD 26/19/76 -"

[6] Compensation Pension Act (EntRG) of April 22, 1992 ( Federal Law Gazette I p. 906 )

[7] Draft by the parliamentary groups of the CDU / CSU, SPD and FDP of a law on compensation pensions for victims of National Socialism in the accession area (compensation pensions law ) BT-Drucksache 12/1790 of December 11, 1991, explanatory statement, p. 5 ff.