Treaty of Fontainebleau (1814)

The Treaty of Fontainebleau was signed on April 11, 1814 between Napoleon Bonaparte on the one hand and Austria , Russia and Prussia on the other. The agreement regulated the details of Napoleon's abdication, which took place on the same day. Great Britain only signed the parts of the treaty relating to the future fate of Napoleon and his family because it had never recognized Napoleon as emperor.

The contract was named after the place where it was signed, Fontainebleau Palace south of Paris.

Content of the contract

• Napoleon renounced the French and Italian thrones for himself and his heirs . In return he received the island of Elba as a sovereign principality for life, 2 million francs a year maintenance from the French treasury, 1000 French soldiers selected by himself as a guard and the corvette that was supposed to bring him to Elba.
• His wife, Empress Marie-Louise , received the Italian duchies of Parma , Piacenza and Guastalla with full sovereignty .
• Napoleon's son, Napoleon Franz Bonaparte, was his mother's heir and received the title of Prince of Parma.
• Napoleon's mother and his siblings together received a pension of 250,000 francs payable by France.

After signing the contract

On February 26, 1815, Napoleon boarded some ships with a force of about 1,000 men and soon arrived in Antibes . He once again took power in France (" Rule of the Hundred Days "); this ended with the lost battle at Waterloo . Napoleon had to put himself in the hands of the British government, which had him banished to the island of St. Helena . He died there on May 5, 1821.

literature

• Conferences and contracts. Contract Ploetz. A handbook of historically significant meetings and agreements. Part II. Volume 3: Modern Times 1492–1914. 2nd ext. and change Edited by Helmuth KG Rönnefarth. Würzburg, 1958.