Treaty of Kjachta (1727)

The Treaty of Kjachta of 1727 ( Russian Кяхтинский договор ) was signed in 1727 between the Russian Empire ruled by Peter II and the Empire of China during the Manjur Qing dynasty .

prehistory

The forerunner of the Kjachta Treaty was the Treaty of Nerchinsk of August 27, 1689, the first agreement between a European state and China. This ended a decades-long conflict over control of the Amur Basin . The conflict was triggered by the advance of armed Russian colonists from eastern Siberia into the Chinese area north and east of the Heilong Jiang (Amur) in the 1640s. The territorial provisions remained controversial, however, as the geographical names in the Russian and Manchurian translations of the treaty differed. The contract itself was drawn up and signed in Latin. Difficulties soon arose which prompted China to close its borders. It took protracted efforts on the part of Peters diplomacy to reestablish contacts with Beijing .

Conclusion of contract

On October 21, 1727, the realms of the Russian Emperor Peter II and the Yongzheng Emperor Aisin Gioro Yinzhen concluded a contract in Kjachta . The border trade south of Lake Baikal was regulated , and the course of the border was accepted, as it had been laid down in the so-called Bura Treaty of August 20. Russia committed itself to strict border surveillance and was given the right to send a state trade caravan to Beijing every three years.

literature

• Hans-Joachim Torke (Ed.): Lexicon of the History of Russia - From the Beginnings to the October Revolution, CH Beck, Munich 1985, p. 250f