Vinnbrück
Vinnbrück ( Vennebrugge or Vennebrucke in the Middle Ages ) is the name of a former ski jumping facility in the border area between the northern Krefeld district of Hüls and the Kempen district of Tönisberg , at the bend in Bundesstraße 9 in front of the southern slope of the Tönisberger Mühlenberg ( Schaephuysener Höhenzug ) in the direction of Aldekerk / Geldern . Historical importance was the "ski jump at the Vinnbrück" by the proceedings Landwehr transition between the elector / Archbishop on August 16, 1284 Siegfried of Westerburg and the Geldrische Count I. Renaud concluded "Treaty of Vinnbrück" of 1288 a role in the Battle of Worringen played.
Vinnbrück today
Vinnbrück is today a sparsely populated, partly agricultural area, through which the federal road 9 runs in an arch. Located on the border between the former archbishopric of Cologne and the county of Geldern , called "Die Stadt" in old maps, it covered an area of approx. 80,000 m², surrounded by a small reservoir called "Mühlenrahm" at the tributary of the Flöthbach and defense - and Landwehr trenches. The southern area borders on the Orbroich farming community in the Krefeld district of Hüls, the northern zone is part of Tönisberg. A memorial site designed by Tönisberg artist Lutz Weynans depicting the scene of the conclusion of the contract is located on a branch road to the B9 in Tönisberg area.
prehistory
After the early death of his wife, King Rudolf I transferred her Limburg fiefdom for life to the Geldern count Rainald I. As a result, Count Adolph V von Berg , who was actually entitled to inherit, felt left out and allied himself with Duke Johann von Brabant to enforce his claims . As a result of further disagreements between the opposing parties and their allies, the Limburg succession dispute broke out in the years 1283 to 1288 , which expanded into a struggle for independence against the sovereign and Archbishop of Cologne, Siegfried von Westerburg . To ensure their mutual support, the Archbishop and his entourage on the one hand and the Count of Geldern and his entourage on the other hand met on August 16, 1284 at the Vinnbrück hill.
Battle of Worringen
However, the archbishop and his allies lost the decisive battle of Worringen on June 5, 1288. The archbishop and many of his loyal followers were taken prisoner, Siegfried von Westerburg was imprisoned at Burg Castle (on the Wupper) against high demands for ransom, and the citizens of Cologne renounced the archbishop; the archbishops of the following time resided - in their capacity as electoral sovereigns - from then on outside of Cologne (including in Bonn and Brühl ). The partners from the Vinnbrück, u. a. the knight Gottfried von Hüls and the Moerser Count Dietrich III., were captured in Worringen.
Memorial
The memorial house made of field bricks is located on a short branch path to the side of the curve of the B9; one looks at a ceramic relief with the people of the meeting:
- Archbishop Siegfried von Westerburg (left): black cross on a white background
- Count Rainald von Geldern (right): golden lion with red claws on a blue background
- Knight Gottfried von Hüls (archbishop's henchman): red water lily on a white background
- Count Dietrich III von Moers (follower Rainalds): black crossbar on a gold background
In front of the silhouette of the Tönisberger Heights that can be seen in the background, the tents pitched in the ski jump are visible.
The hill was popularly referred to as "The City" until modern times; the term can be found in historical, and occasionally also in current map material. The fortification was never completed in the original sense as a sovereign castle. Excavations lead to the conclusion that there was a small wooden castle inside the hill. The existence of a Berfes (protective tower) and a mill with a fish pond is guaranteed. Climate changes and low water levels led to the mill operations being given up around 1400 and fish farming around 1550. After 1600 the trenches dried up and the ramparts flattened, so that today, next to the Flöthbach and Landwehrgraben, only traces or dents from the former site are visible.
Text of the contract
The Latin text of the Vinnbrück Treaty was written by Th. Jos. Lacomblet in the 19th century transferred from the Gothic italic of the original into a typeface in use today and published in the "Document Book for the History of the Lower Rhine II" (Düsseldorf 1846, No. 793, p. 476). A short version in German of the text stored in the State Archive of North Rhine-Westphalia reads:
- Reinald, Count of Geldern a. Duke v. Limburg, allies with Archbishop Sigfrid v. Cologne against the Duke Johann v. Brabant, Count Adolph v. Berg, whose brother Heinrich v. Windeck and Count Everhard v. the marrow; and explains how to deal with his closest relatives, with which the archbishop might come to war. - 1284, August 16.
- We Rainald Graf von Geldern, Duke of Limburg, announce and know to everyone that we are entering into a special alliance with our venerable father and master Siegfried, Archbishop of his Cologne Church, Arch Chancellor of the Holy Kingdom for Italy. In it we have made a binding stipulation that we owe our Lord Siegfried, Archbishop of his ... against all his enemies, whatever, and especially against the noble gentlemen Duke Johann von Brabant, Count Adolf von Berg and his brother Heinrich von Windeck as well as Count Everhard von To support the march to the best of our ability and to the end with all our might and all our fortune, as long as we live and as often as our master ... that demands of us and will lead us, with the exception, however, against our high master, the Roman king. It is also agreed between us that in the event of a war that our master against our relatives, regardless of whether we are connected with them in the second or third degree, war leads to the defense of his country, we shall assist him in the same way as previously expressed brought. But if our master requests our help against any of the aforementioned relatives, whoever it may be, in order to penetrate his territory in order to claim it for himself, we will be replaced by our master, the archbishop ..., by special agreement make use of the right to talk to these relatives beforehand and speak to them. The rule is that we will always stand by what we have said before. If one of the aforementioned relatives refuses to rest and refuses to follow our suggestions, we will of course support our master, the Archbishop ..., and stand by him against our aforementioned relatives. This happens in close coordination with him as soon as our master, the aforementioned archbishop ... invades their territories. Finally, we hand him the present, jointly developed document with our seal and receive it from him in the same form.
- Established and given to Vennebrucke in the year of the Lord in 1284, the day after the Assumption of Mary (August 16).
References and literature
- ^ Ulrich Lehnart: The Battle of Worringen 1288, Warfare in the Middle Ages , Frankfurt am Main, 1993, ISBN 3-923217-66-8
- ↑ Helmut Sallmann: The Krefeld Landwehr. P. 37, print: Heilpädagogisches Zentrum Krefeld, 2005
- ↑ Karl Heußen: Memorial to the Treaty of Vinnbrück. In: Hülser Mitteilungen No. 61, pp. 849f, Verlag H. Kaltenmeier Söhne, Krefeld-Hüls 2014
- ↑ Karl Heußen: Memorial to the Treaty of Vinnbrück. In: Hülser Mitteilungen No. 61, pp. 849f, Verlag H. Kaltenmeier Söhne, Krefeld-Hüls 2014
- ^ Karl Hirschberg: Historical trip through the county of Moers. P. 24f, Verlag Steiger, Moers 1975
- ↑ Werner Mellen: Hüls - a chronicle. P. 19, Verlag Kalenmeier Söhne, Krefeld-Hüls 1998, ISBN 3-9804002-1-2
- ↑ Karl Heußen: Memorial to the Treaty of Vinnbrück. In: Hülser Mitteilungen No. 61, pp. 849f, Verlag H. Kaltenmeier Söhne, Krefeld-Hüls 2014
- ↑ Memorial to the Treaty of Vinnbrück
Coordinates: 51 ° 24 ′ 9.3 " N , 6 ° 29 ′ 56.3" E