Viereckschanze Burgadelzhausen
The Lattène-period Viereckschanze Burgadelzhausen is located about 150 meters southwest of an early medieval castle stable in the Sackwald ( Eurasburger Forst , Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Dasing ) above the Adelzhausen district of Burgadelzhausen ( Aichach-Friedberg district , Swabia ). The ground monument is largely composed of young forest and is difficult to access.
history
The relatively small hill has not yet been archaeologically examined. In the 19th century, the object was interpreted as a " Roman castrum" and the entire forest department was therefore named Römerschanze .
In the early 20th century, Franz Weber suspected a connection with the large medieval castle stables ( Burgadelzhausen ) on the nearby terrain spur above Burgadelzhausen and ruled out a Roman origin of the earthworks .
Around 1930 the probable “pre-Roman or Celtic ” origin of the complex was recognized for the first time , but in 1951 it was again classified as “an object belonging to the castle” ( Friedberger Heimatblatt , 1951,5)
The ground monument is currently considered to be one of the numerous late Celtic square entrenchments in southern Germany, which are increasingly being interpreted as ancient courtyards. The almost square facility and the proximity to a rich spring on the mountainside speak in favor of this. However, the jump would be one of the smallest known Celtic square jumps in Bavaria, the flank lengths of which are otherwise between 80 and 140 meters.
In modern times, numerous acorn gardens were created to raise tree saplings, the low heights of which would correspond to the hill at Burgadelzhausen. Such acorn gardens, however, were mostly rectangular, the narrow ones only about half as long as the long sides. The “acorn garden” monument type is still largely unknown to most researchers.
The plateau of the nearby early medieval alleged Hungarian fortress was already used as a settlement during the Bronze Age . The typological features of this rampart indicate that it was last expanded during the Hungarian Wars in the first half of the 10th century.
description
The rectangular (approx. 69 by 62 meters) ground monument is currently largely inaccessible. Only the southwestern ramparts with the flattened excavation trenches are clearly visible. The maximum height of the wall that has been preserved is only about half a meter to one meter, the southern inner wall is largely leveled. The gate opening seems to be in the east wall. A modern border ditch runs diagonally through the restless inner surface.
About 150 meters north exits a source from the slope leading to the supply of an ancient courtyard and the early medieval hill fort may have been used.
The Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation lists the ground monument as a quadrangular hill from the younger La Tène period under monument number D-7-7632-0020.
literature
- Helmut Rischert: Castle stables in the Aichach-Friedberg district (local history contributions from the Augsburg area, 1st row). Natural Research Society, Augsburg 1975.
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 48 ° 20 ′ 37.1 ″ N , 11 ° 7 ′ 3.8 ″ E