Viktor of Marseilles
Viktor von Marseille († 287/288 in Marseille ) is a Christian martyr who died in the persecution of Maximian .
Lore
According to the Gesta symbolica , Viktor was a soldier who refused to participate in the Roman sacrifice as part of the Jupiter cult and who was repeatedly dragged through Marseille in chains. After numerous tortures, he was killed between the millstones of a flour mill.
Since Hrabanus Maurus calls him Bishop of Marseilles, church historians suspect that the role of a soldier is a legend that is fed from the early Christian idea of militia christi .
Certain traditions even include Viktor in the legendary Theban Legion , which has not been historically proven. There are several martyrs or saints named Viktor around them.
Viktor, who was often confused with St. George or St. Mauritius , is the patron saint of seafarers. Feast day: July 21.
cult
The veneration of Viktor spread exceptionally quickly across Europe via Arles , Marseille ( Saint-Victor Abbey , founded approx. 400) and Aix . The abbey of Saint-Victor (Paris) , founded in 1113, achieved special intellectual historical significance .
Viktor was the city patron of Tallinn .
literature
- Lexicon of Christian Iconography . Vol. 8, Col. 557
- Ekkart Sauser : Viktor of Marseille. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 21, Bautz, Nordhausen 2003, ISBN 3-88309-110-3 , Sp. 1510-1511.
- Paul Therstappen : Viktorstracht and Viktorslegende , in Die Heimat , 15, Krefeld 1936, pp. 140–147 (primarily refers to the figure of Viktors in the Xanten conception, in the Middle Ages)
- Anke Krüger: South French local saint between church, dynasty and city from the 5th to the 16th century. Series: Contributions to hagiography. Franz Steiner Verlag , 2002 ISBN 3515077898 (available in google books )
art
- François Quesnel (1543–1619) (attributed): Saint Victor of Marseille refuses the Roman sacrifice to idols. Pen in brown, washed in blue. 118 × 259 mm. Inscribed on the lower edge in French in black pen: "(Vic) tor apres avoir faict oraison a dieu, est presente ... temple (crossed out) autel pour sacrifier, ou d'un coup de pied il jetta par terre l'Idole de la main du Sacrificateu (r) ".
Web links
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Viktor of Marseilles |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Christian martyr and saint |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 3rd century |
| DATE OF DEATH | 287 or 288 |
| Place of death | Marseille |