Pre-qualification year work and profession

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The pre-qualification year work and occupation (VAB) is a type of school at vocational schools in Baden-Württemberg , which serves as an alternative to the type of school preparation year . The VAB qualification corresponds roughly to the level of the secondary school qualification .

history

The VAB was tested at vocational schools in Baden-Württemberg from the 2009/10 school year and was introduced as mandatory for the 2011/2012 school year.

VABO classes already existed in the 1970s, when the children of »guest worker families« were increasingly finding their way into German schools. Several scientific papers on this topic were produced at the Educational Science Institute of Heidelberg University. In the course of the refugee crisis in Germany from 2015 onwards, VABO classes were increasingly set up at the state's vocational schools. In this special form of the VAB, predominantly young migrants without knowledge of German are taught in order to enable better integration into society as well as profession and work. In the Baden-Württemberg teacher training program as well as in the teaching traineeship , educational courses are offered in this regard (“ German as a foreign language ”) in order to prepare the teachers for the new tasks accordingly. Support offers for educators in dealing with traumatized children and adolescents were also created.

Target groups and objectives

VAB

The pre-qualification year work and occupation (VAB) is attended by young people who have not yet reached the age of 18, i.e. who are still required to attend school, and who have not yet obtained a secondary school certificate. In contrast to the theory-heavy BVJ, the VAB focuses on practice-relevant learning content. The VAB is designed to prepare young people with poor theoretical knowledge for entry into professional and working life.

The flexible timetables of the VAB classes enable the best possible alignment to the specific support needs of young people. VAB pupils who do not yet have sufficient knowledge of German can, for example, receive more German lessons than their classmates.

VABO

The pre-qualification year work and occupation without knowledge of German (VABO) is a special form of VAB at vocational schools in Baden-Württemberg. In VABO classes, predominantly young migrants without knowledge of German receive targeted language support. This takes place in separate classes of the pre-qualification year work and occupation, which usually focus on the acquisition of German language skills .

A school leaving certificate is not sought. The school year ends with a German test, which only tests language level B1.

connection

Paths according to the VAB

After attending the VAB, the pupils can take the central VAB final exam in the subjects German, mathematics and, if necessary, English and thus achieve a qualification equivalent to the secondary school leaving certificate. This significantly increases the chances of getting a training position.

Paths to VABO

Following the VABO, there is the option, depending on the recognized school leaving certificate from your home country, to attend another full-time professional school in order to obtain a German school leaving certificate. Since the 2014/2015 school year, the Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sport in Baden-Württemberg has been offering new training in geriatric care assistance specifically for migrants with little knowledge of German. This training lasts two years and can be directly connected to the VABO year. A special teacher training course on "Multilingualism in specialist teaching (incl. Care)" takes place for this training, for example in the joint project PLACE of the "Heidelberg School of Education".

literature

  • Decker-Ernst, Yvonne: German as a second language in preparatory classes. An inventory in Baden-Württemberg. University of Education Freiburg im Breisgau, Schneider Verlag Hohengehren Baltmannsweiler, 2017.
  • Auer, Christine: Hermann Röhrs . Language acquisition in "international preparatory classes". Examples from his correspondence. Heidelberg University Archives 2018.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ State education server - Vocational school types - Portal. Retrieved May 11, 2017 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e Vocational School Types - State Education Server Baden-Württemberg. Retrieved May 11, 2017 .
  3. ^ Anton Ottmann: Development and design of a math curriculum for foreign children, Lang Ffm 1979, writings on educational science vol. 5, doctoral supervisor Hermann Röhrs ; with a two-year school trial in a VABO class, in which a mathematics curriculum and a German curriculum were tested with the aim of achieving a higher level of abstraction in the other class, dto. UAH Rep. 211/256.
  4. ^ Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sport Baden-Württemberg, January 11, 2016: Ministry of Culture presents further planning for the school integration of young refugees , accessed on July 30, 2017.
  5. ↑ instead of BVJ - a new way to qualify for training? ( Memento of the original from October 22, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on handwerk-bw.de. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.handwerk-bw.de
  6. ↑ Heidelberg School of Education, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg together with the Pedagogical University Heidelberg, three modules: multilingualism in subject teaching, German as a second language , accessed on August 1, 2017.