Vryburg (monument)
| Vryburg | ||
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 Vryburg: Northeastern double ditch |
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| Creation time : | 9/10 century | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Place: | Essen-Horst | |
| Geographical location | 51 ° 25 '58.5 " N , 7 ° 7' 1" E | |
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The Vryburg is a medieval ring wall that is important for the early medieval settlement in the Ruhr valley . Today's desolation of the facility is located in the eastern Essen district of Horst on a hill north of the Ruhr in the immediate vicinity east of the Horst house . Possibly it was the forerunner of this manor house. However, the assumption has not yet been proven.
history
The exact dating of the complex has not yet been possible. The fragments found in 1934 during an excavation under the direction of Ernst Kahrs, the then director of the Ruhrland Museum (now the Ruhr Museum ), however, allow dating to the 9th / 10th. Century, so it is possibly a military strategic facility from the late Carolingian period.
description
The dimensions of the almost square facility are around 100 by 100 meters. It was protected by a fence made of pointed ditches and earth walls, which is still clearly visible today. The fixing was done presumably by wood and earth structure or by a wooden palisade . Of these fortifications, a deep trench on the southwest side and a double trench with an intermediate wall in the southeast and some wall sections on the west side have been preserved. In the northeast there is a double trench with an average depth of 2.50 meters. The trenches are only filled in the north-western area, but can still be recognized as a depression in the terrain.
The excavation also revealed that there was a chamber gate in the northwest that had been rebuilt from Ruhr sandstone . In the southern part of the area there are also the foundation walls of a rectangular building - also made of Ruhr sandstone - that was uncovered during the excavation.
On March 13, 1997, the complex was included in the Essen city's list of monuments as a ground monument .
Another ditch of the Vryburg
3D terrain model of the Vryburg ramparts
See also
literature
- Detlef Hopp , Erich Schumacher: The Vryburg in Steele-Horst . In: Harald Koschik (Ed.): Archeology in the Rhineland 1991 . Rheinland Verlag, Cologne 1992, ISBN 3-7927-1326-8 , pp. 122-123.
- Detlef Hopp: House Horst and the Vryburg . In: Kai Niederhöfer (Red.): Burgen AufRuhr. On the way to 100 castles, palaces and mansions in the Ruhr region . Klartext Verlag , Essen 2010, ISBN 978-3-8375-0234-3 , pp. 179-182.
- Detlef Hopp: Vryburg. In: Detlef Hopp, Bianca Khil, Elke Schneider (eds.): Burgenland Essen. Castles, palaces and permanent houses in Essen . Klartext Verlag, Essen 2017, ISBN 978-3-8375-1739-2 , pp. 110-113.
- Erich Schumacher: The Vryburg in Steele-Horst . In: The hometown of Essen. Yearbook . No. 29, 1978, ISSN 0437-1887 , p. 77 ff.
Web links
- Extract from the soil monument list of the city of Essen: Vryburg
- Entry on deserted Vryburg castle in Horst in the database " KuLaDig " of the Rhineland Regional Association , accessed on December 18, 2018.
Individual evidence
- ↑ D. Hopp: Haus Horst and the Vryburg , p. 179.