Heat flow
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Surname | Heat flow | ||||||
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The heat flow or heat flux ( Symbol to DIN 1304 : , or ) is a physical quantity for the quantitative description of heat transfer processes . It is defined as in the time .delta.t transmitted heat energy .DELTA.Q :
- .
The notation with symbolizes that heat is not a state variable , but a process variable .
The heat flow is a heat output and is given in watts :
- .
It cannot be measured directly, but is always based on temperature difference measurement, for example in calorimeters . In addition, it is proportional to the material-dependent thermal conductivity .
The heat energy of a natural system always flows by itself from the area with the higher temperature to the area with the lower temperature, which is described by the increase in entropy . If heat energy is to be transported in the opposite direction, additional work has to be done, which further increases the entropy that is absorbed by another system (here: environment or universe, see also heat pump ). The observable realities of thermodynamic temperature , the flow of heat energy as if by itself and the splitting of the heat energy into an exergonic and anergonic part are described in the second law of thermodynamics .
See also
- Heat flux density
- Conduction
- Heat transfer coefficient - description of the heat transfer at interfaces
- Thermal performance
Individual evidence
- ^ Paul Allen Tipler, Gene Mosca: Physics for Scientists and Engineers . Ed .: Jenny Wagner. 7th German edition Springer Spectrum, Berlin Heidelberg 2015, ISBN 978-3-642-54165-0 .