Wāpuro system
Under Wāpuro-Rōmaji ( Jap. ワープロローマ字 , wāpuro Rōmaji ) refers to a Japanese input method, originally designed for word processing ( word processor , Japanized WADO purosessa shortly Wāpuro ) was created. This type of input method makes use of the phonetic value of the characters. This sound value or the reading of a character is available through various transcription systems, such as the Hepburn system , the Nippon system and the Kunrei system . By Umschriftsysteme the reading of the characters into Latin characters, which is ROMAJI , transcribed . This detour via reading makes it possible to use complex Kanji characters, i.e. logograms , with a QWERTY keyboard and the Latin alphabet as syllabary with a small number of graphemes for word processing.
This type of input can be distinguished from technically differently implemented input methods, such as direct input of the logogram using a touchscreen or voice recognition . In addition to the hardware, the overall system of the input method also includes software such as the IME ( Input Method Editor ) and an output device. The IME in turn consists of a graphical interface , the editor, and a Kana server, which provides the transcription as a functional component. The transcription takes place in two steps: first, Latin letters are converted into kana characters ( ロ ー マ 字 か な 変 換 , romāji kana henkan ) and, in the second step, assigned to one or more kanji combinations.
Details of the Rōmaji Kana Conversion
- Long vowels are not entered with diacritics , but with an explicit spelling of the kana syllable. This is necessary to avoid confusion when writing long vowels. The vowel ō with kana can be written either お う or お お . Since the Romāji-Kana conversion is based on the phonemes and since these phonemes have different meanings , the input must be ou or oo following the transcription system .
- The Nippon system takes precedence over the other transcription systems: entering du leads to づ instead of ど ぅ . This is necessary because both づ and ず are rendered as too in the Hepburn and Kunrei transcriptions . A clear entry is therefore only possible through the Nippon system. The same problem occurs with じ and ぢ ji / zi .
- Small kana can be entered in isolation with a preceding x or l , e.g. B. ltu for っ . However, as with the official transcriptions, an entry is still possible by doubling the following consonant: asatte becomes あ さ っ て .
- The opacities じ ゃ , じ ゅ and じ ょ can also be entered using jya , jyu and jyo . However, this transcription is not covered by any of the three transcription systems.
- The spelling of the Stopflauts tchi for っ ち after the Hepburn romanization may not work. In this case, cchi must be used differently from the transcription system.
- The Hepburn spelling mma for ん ま is converted to っ ま .
- The Kana ん n , by n , nn or n are input. If the following sound is not a vowel, a single n is sufficient , as in kankoku か ん こ く ( 韓国 , "Korea"). However, if a vowel follows, a kana of the n-column would be generated ( な na, に ni, ぬ nu, ね ne, の no). In this case the spelling nn is necessary. In some cases this means that nnn has to be typed: こ ん に ち は (“Hello”) has to be typed ko nnn ichiha .
- Some input methods contain bug fixes that allow other inputs for ん . However, in many cases this is only done after pressing the space bar. 新聞 ( shinbun , "newspaper") can be entered as shimbun . こ ん に ち は ( konnichiwa ) is also possible by entering konnichiha . In this case, the kana こ ん い ち は and こ ん に ち は would be available (only the first option is correct).
- The particles wa は , e へ and o を must always be entered as ha , he and wo .