Elections in Madagascar 2013

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The 2013 elections in Madagascar took place on October 25th and December 20th.

Presidential election

Run-up to the elections

2009–2012

The presidential election was announced in Madagascar after the change of government in March 2009 by the incumbent interim president Andry Rajoelina , who spoke of elections within the next 24 months. In response to pressure from international donors, it was decided in July 2009 that the elections should take place before the end of the year; however, they have been postponed to spring 2011.

When a new constitution was voted on on November 17, 2010 , observers interpreted this as consolidating the power of Rajoelina. On the one hand, with the new constitution, the age for a presidential candidacy was reduced to 35 years, which made it possible for the then 36-year-old Rajoelina to apply. On the other hand, a clause in the new constitution requires a candidate to have lived in Madagascar for at least six months before the election, which would exclude former president Marc Ravalomanana and other exiled opposition leaders from participating. But Rajoelina announced that he would not run in the presidential election. The elections were then postponed again.

On September 17, 2011, the political parties finally agreed to hold presidential elections in March 2012. This date was again postponed several times, most recently to July 24, 2013. In the agreement of September 17, 2011 it was also stated that Ravalomanana the Return to Madagascar and participate in the elections will be made possible. In addition, Rajoelina was to remain interim president until the elections. Ravalomanana announced in late 2012 that he would not compete. A month later, Rajoelina also ruled out a candidacy; he had already announced in May 2010 that he would not run for office. In August 2012, however, he considered running again.

2013

On May 3, 2013, the Malagasy Constitutional Court published a list of 41 names of people running for president. These included Lalao Ravalomanana, the wife of ex-President Marc Ravalomanana , Didier Ratsiraka , President from 1975 to 1993 and from 1997 to 2002, and Rajoelina.

Rajoelina justified his candidacy with the fact that Ravalomanana had broken his promise of non-candidacy with the application of his wife.

The validity of the candidacies of Lalao Ravalomanana and Didier Ratsiraka was initially uncertain, as neither of them had lived in Madagascar six months before the elections. Lalao Ravalomanana did not return to Madagascar until March 2013 after living with her husband in his exile in South Africa. Ratsiraka lived in exile in France until April 2013. The Constitutional Court eventually allowed their candidacies because they did not voluntarily reside abroad. The validity of Rajoelina's candidacy was also questioned as he had not registered until long after the application deadline. Nevertheless, this candidacy was also accepted.

The South African Development Community (SADC) and the African Union then announced that they would neither support nor recognize the elections if these three candidates remained in the running. The European Union and SADC also threatened sanctions. The election therefore had to be postponed indefinitely. On August 17, a newly formed special court finally declared the candidacies of Rajoelina, Ravalomanana and Ratsiraka as well as five other applicants to be invalid. A few days later, the electoral commission announced that the first round of elections would take place on October 25th. A possibly necessary second ballot was scheduled for December 20th.

First round of elections

33 candidates were available for the first round of elections on October 25, 2013. The best-known applicants include:

A total of 7,823,305 Madagascans were eligible to vote, around a third of the Malagasy resident population.

Result

The most votes were received by Jean-Louis Robinson (21.10%) and Hery Rajaonarimampianina (15.93%). These two candidates ran again in a second ballot. 6.28% of the ballot papers were invalid or blank. The turnout was 61.85%.

candidate Political party be right %
Jean-Louis Robinson AVANA 955.534 21.10
Hery Rajaonarimampianina Hery Vaovao ho an'i Madagasikara R 721.206 15.93
Hajo Herivelona Andrianainarivelo Malagasy Miara Miainga 476.153 10.51
Roland Ratsiraka MTS 407.732 9.00
Albert Camille Vital Hiaraka Isika 310.253 6.85
Saraha Georget Rabeharisoa Antoko Maitso 203,699 4.50
Edgard Razafindravahy Edgard Razafindravahy 197.081 4.35
Pierrot Rajaonarivelo MDM 121,999 2.69
Joseph Martin Randriamampionona RTM (Dadafara) 105.184 2.32
Benjamin Radavidson Andriamparany FFF 100,890 2.23
William Ratrema GAM / PATRAM 96,715 2.14
Jean Eugène Voninahitsy LES AS 96,547 2.13
Julien Razafinmanazato ESD 72,875 1.61
Monja Roindefo | Monja Zafitsimivalo Roindefo MONIMA 68,563 1.51
Brigitte Ihantanirina Rabemananantsoa AMP 62,652 1.38
Willy Sylvain Rabetsaroana PNJ Mazava Sylvain 57,829 1.28
Clément Zafisolo Ravalisaona AME 52,083 1.15
Rakoto Andrianirina Fetison RDS 49,599 1.10
Tabera Randriamanantsoa KINTANA 40,253 0.89
Laza Razafiarison Avotra Ho An'ny Firenena 39,952 0.88
Jean Lahiniriko KML 39,648 0.88
Patrick Rajaonary Vonejo Madagasikara 38,934 0.86
Rakotomaharo Rajemison MAMAFISOA 38,827 0.86
Roland Dieudonne Rabeharison FAMA 32,157 0.71
Djacoba Alain Tehindrazanarivelo ENNA 25,974 0.57
Faharo Ratsimbalson Independent 24,536 0.54
Patrick Raharimanana Vitatsika Io 19,684 0.43
Mickaël Brechard Dofo MIM 15,538 0.34
William Noelson MITM 14.096 0.31
Lezava Fleury Rabarison HARENA 11,347 0.25
Guy Ratrimoarivony HOP 10,913 0.24
Jean Pierre Rakoto RJP 9,965 0.22
Freddy Tinasoa OBAMA 9,971 0.22
Invalid and empty voices 303.277 -
Total 4,831,666 100
voter turnout 61.76
Source: CENIT

Incidents

Incidents were reported from three of the 20,001 polling stations. A district chief is said to have been killed in the south of the country. However, it is unclear whether there is a connection with the choice. A kidnapping was reportedly carried out in Bezaha city and a polling station was set on fire in Tsaratanana district. The polling could be continued at a later date in all three polling stations.

Second round of voting

The second round of voting took place on December 20th. According to election observers, there were no significant incidents. In mid-January, the electoral court announced the final result. As a result, Hery Rajaonarimampianina received 53.5% of the valid votes and his rival Robinson 46.5%. On Saturday January 25, 2014, Hery Rajaonarimampianina was inaugurated as President in a public ceremony at the Mahamasina Stadium. There was a bomb attack outside the stadium after the festivities ended, in which a child was killed.

Parliamentary elections

The parliamentary elections took place on December 20, 2013. The elections were originally planned for March 2010, but have since been postponed several times.

The 150 members of the National Assembly and 60 out of a total of 90 senators were elected.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Madagascar sets October 25 presidential poll date. August 22, 2013, accessed August 22, 2013 .
  2. ^ Madagascar president forced out. BBC , March 17, 2009, accessed February 14, 2013 .
  3. ^ Madagascan president agrees to hold earlier presidential election. July 12, 2009, accessed February 14, 2013 .
  4. ^ Madagascar referendum could deepen political crisis. The Guardian , November 21, 2010, accessed February 14, 2013 .
  5. ↑ Constitution of the 4th Republic, Article 46. (PDF; 155 kB) Retrieved on February 15, 2013 .
  6. ↑ a b Madagascar strongman Rajoelina says not to run in November poll. May 12, 2010, accessed February 14, 2013 .
  7. ↑ Madagascar: presidential elections fixed for July 24, 2013. February 6, 2013, accessed August 22, 2013 .
  8. ↑ a b Madagascar leaders sign deal for elections. BBC , September 17, 2011, accessed February 14, 2013 .
  9. ↑ Madagascar Sets May 8 to Hold Elections. Retrieved March 15, 2013 .
  10. ↑ Madagascar: Rajoelina renonce. January 15, 2013, accessed February 14, 2013 (French).
  11. ↑ Negotiation Failure between Madagascar's political rivals not to prevent election: Transition President. August 10, 2012, accessed February 14, 2013 .
  12. ↑ Décision n ° 01-CES / D du 3 may 2013. May 3, 2013, accessed on May 18, 2013 .
  13. ↑ Madagascar's Rajoelina Reverses Decision Not to Run in Election. Bloomberg LP , May 3, 2013, accessed May 18, 2013 .
  14. ↑ a b Madagascar's long road to election. Retrieved August 22, 2013 .
  15. ↑ Result of the presidential 1er tour. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; Retrieved October 26, 2013 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.cenit-madagascar.mg  
  16. ↑ Recapitulation Nationale. Archived from the original on October 29, 2013 ; Retrieved November 30, 2013 .
  17. ↑ Madagascar elects a new president. Retrieved October 26, 2013 .
  18. ^ A b Peaceful elections in Madagascar. December 20, 2013, accessed December 24, 2013 .
  19. ^ Court confirms Madagascar election result; loser rejects it. January 17, 2014, accessed February 18, 2014 .
  20. ↑ Madagascar's president takes over; grenade blast kills child. January 25, 2014, accessed February 18, 2014 .
  21. ^ Madagascar leader calls elections. BBC , December 16, 2009, accessed February 14, 2013 .