Andry Rajoelina

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Andry Rajoelina (2011)

Andry Nirina Rajoelina [ ˈaɳɖʳi ˈnirinə radzuˈelinə ] (born May 30, 1974 ) is a Malagasy politician. He has been President of Madagascar since January 19, 2019.

Since the military disempowerment of Marc Ravalomanana on March 17, 2009, he was the self-proclaimed head of the interim government of Madagascar. Following a constitutional amendment in November 2010, Rajoelina announced that she would remain in office until free presidential elections. The elections initially planned for spring 2011 have been postponed several times; the first ballot took place on October 25, 2013, the runoff election of the two best placed candidates on December 20, 2013. From December 2007 to February 2009 Rajoelina was mayor of the capital Antananarivo and until March 2009 the main opposition leader in the country. With the inauguration of his successor Hery Rajaonarimampianina on January 25, 2014, the term of office of the interim president ended.

Career

Andry Rajoelina comes from a relatively wealthy family belonging to the Merina ethnic group. As the son of a colonel in the Malagasy army , he began a career as a DJ and organizer. In 1999 he founded Injet , the first Malagasy advertising agency . Rajoelina is the owner of the TV and radio station VIVA. On December 12, 2007, he was elected mayor of Antananarivo as an independent candidate with 63.3% of the vote. Rajoelina, who was nicknamed " TGV " in allusion to his rapid demeanor , then used these initials for his own political movement Tanora malaGasy Vonona ("Young, determined Madagascans").

In the months that followed, Rajoelina became a committed critic of President Marc Ravalomanana's course in government . This ordered the closure of Rajoelina's TV station Viva on December 13, 2008 after an interview with the former President of Madagascar, Didier Ratsiraka , had been shown there. The closure of the station sparked massive protests from supporters of Rajoelina.

Revolt against Ravalomanana

On January 31, 2009, Andry Rajoelina declared himself to be the new ruler of Madagascar, chairman of the "Supreme Authority for Transition" during a rally. He accused President Ravalomanana of corruption and abuse of power. On February 3, 2009, Rajoelina was deposed as mayor by the government and replaced by the special administrator Guy Randrianarisoa .

After his failed coup attempt, Rajoelina fled to the French embassy in Antananarivo on March 6, 2009 . Sections of the military continued to support him and threatened President Ravalomanana with a coup. Between January and March 2009, more than 140 people were killed in the conflict between Rajoelina and Ravalomanana.

Presidency

After the security forces of Madagascar had unanimously backed Rajoelina, Rajoelina now publicly declared himself the new president of the country and set up a transitional government. On March 16, 2009 soldiers occupied the official residence of the president. A day later, Ravalomanana finally gave up and handed over the official business to the highest ranking military leader in the country, Vice Admiral Appolite Ramaroson Rarison . However, the military renounced and handed state power to Rajoelina. Although Madagascar's constitution stipulates a minimum age of 40 years for the president, Andry Rajoelina was confirmed as the new president by the Supreme Constitutional Court. Rajoelina announced that it would hold free elections within two years.

Rajoelina's takeover has been criticized internationally. The South African development community disapproved of the course of events. For the African Union , Ravalomanana's disempowerment was tantamount to a coup , which is why it immediately suspended Madagascar's membership. Other states, including Germany and the USA, announced that they would end their development cooperation. International observers suspected that the former dictator Didier Ratsiraka was instrumental in promoting Rajoelina's career.

On November 17, 2010, in a constitutional referendum, the minimum age for the Malagasy president was lowered to 35 years. The vote was boycotted by the opposition; with a turnout of 53%, almost 74% of voters approved the constitutional amendment. Several African countries refused to accept the referendum. During the referendum, several officers attempted an unsuccessful coup against Rajoelina's interim government.

Although the new constitution allows Rajoelina to run for free presidential elections, the latter has repeatedly declared that he does not want to run. Presidential and parliamentary elections were originally scheduled for spring 2011, but then postponed several times. On September 17, 2011, the political parties finally agreed on a date in March 2012 for holding the presidential elections; this date has also been postponed several times, most recently to October 25, 2013. Former President Ravalomanana was able to return to Madagascar and participate in the elections. The agreement also stipulated that Rajoelina would remain interim president until the elections. On January 18, 2013, Rajoelina declared that after his rival and predecessor Marc Ravalomanana had also renounced his candidacy, he would not run for the next presidential election.

He won the presidential elections at the end of 2018 in a runoff election against Marc Ravalomanana with a turnout of just over 48% with 55.7% of the vote. On January 19, 2019, Rajoelina in Antananarivo was introduced to the office of President in front of tens of thousands of people in the Stade Municipal de Mahamasina .

During the COVID-19 pandemic , Rajoelina made headlines when he publicly touted a tea made from various Malagasy medicinal herbs as a cure for coronavirus infection in April 2020. The drink had been developed by the Malagasy Institute for Applied Research ( Institut Malgache de Recherches Appliquées ), was marketed under the name Covid-Organics and contained artemisin as its main ingredient . Scientists spoke out against the widespread use, as far as no detailed clinical tests had taken place. Regardless of this, the heads of state of various African countries ( John Magufuli , Tanzania ; Idriss Déby , Chad ; Felix Tshisekedi , Democratic Republic of the Congo ; Denis Sassou-Nguesso , Republic of the Congo ) flown in entire plane loads of medicine from Madagascar.

literature

Web links

Commons : Andry Rajoelina  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ FACTBOX-Madagascar's new transitional president Rajoelina , (accessed March 25, 2009)
  2. ↑ tagesschau.de: Opposition wins power struggle in Madagascar ( Memento from March 20, 2009 in the Internet Archive ), as of March 17, 2009 10:12 p.m.
  3. ↑ a b Madagascans distrust presidents ; dpa announcement from November 16, 2010 (accessed November 16, 2010)
  4. ↑ a b Travel advice from the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs with election dates , accessed on August 26, 2013
  5. ↑ Short biography of Hery Rajaonarimampianina in the Fischer-Weltalmanach ( Memento from May 28, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ↑ Christina Corbett (March 21, 2009). The DJ who has become Africa's youngest president The Guardian (accessed March 26, 2009)
  7. ↑ Ville D'Antanarivo: Fête des Pères 2008. In: antananarivo.mg. Archived from the original on September 12, 2008 ; Retrieved August 9, 2012 .
  8. ↑ a b AP / dpa / Reuters / ras / heg (February 8, 2009). Demonstration in Madagascar ends in bloodbath Die Welt (accessed February 8, 2009)
  9. ↑ Sobika.com: Interview with Andry Rajoelina ( Memento from February 1, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) from November 14, 2002 (accessed on March 18, 2009).
  10. ↑ Alphonse M. (December 28, 2007). Andry Rajoelina, en période de grâce. Madagascar Tribune (accessed February 8, 2009)
  11. ↑ Al Jazeera Deutsch : Profile: Andry Rajoelina from March 16, 2009 (accessed on March 18, 2009).
  12. ↑ sda / AFP (February 3, 2009). Madagascar's government is taking action. Neue Zürcher Zeitung (accessed February 9, 2009)
  13. ↑ ff / AFP / Reuters / dpa (January 31, 2009). Mayor declares himself ruler of Madagascar Der Spiegel (accessed February 9, 2009)
  14. ↑ Madagascar sacks capital city mayor. France 24 , archived from the original on March 24, 2009 ; Retrieved August 9, 2012 .
  15. ^ AFP (March 10, 2009). Rajoelina fled to the French embassy , Le Figaro , (accessed March 10, 2009)
  16. ↑ kog / db / afp / dpa / reuters (March 12, 2009) The power struggle continues Deutsche Welle (accessed March 17, 2009)
  17. ↑ beb / AP / dpa / AFP (March 14, 2009) Opposition leader appoints himself President Spiegel Online (accessed March 17, 2009)
  18. ↑ ffr / Reuters / AFP / AP (March 16, 2009) Army attacks in power struggle in Madagascar a Spiegel Online (accessed March 17, 2009)
  19. ^ Spiegel Online: Military wants to hand over power to opposition leaders
  20. ↑ Agence France-Presse : Court confirms Rajoelina as President of Madagascar on March 18, 2009 (accessed March 18, 2009).
  21. ↑ a b BBC News : 'Change needed' in Madagascar, March 18, 2009 (accessed March 18, 2009).
  22. ^ Tagesschau : New government increasingly politically isolated ( memento of March 23, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) of March 20, 2009 (accessed on March 20, 2009).
  23. ↑ Die Presse : Madagascar: Bloodless coup after a bloody feud ( memento of July 6, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) of March 17, 2009.
  24. ^ Voice of America : Madagascar Approves New Constitution , November 22, 2010.
  25. ↑ BBC News : Madagascar leaders sign deal for elections , September 17, 2011.
  26. ^ Rajoelina, Ravalomanana out of presidential race. The Herald online January 18, 2013
  27. ↑ Former President Rajoelina wins election in Madagascar , dw.com from December 27, 2018 (accessed January 3, 2019)
  28. ↑ Dominic Johnson: Young exputschist becomes president , taz.de December 31, 2018 (December 31, 2018)
  29. ↑ https://www.lexpress.mu/article/345832/intronisation-rajoelina-duval-reporte-son-voyage-rodrigues
  30. ↑ Thilo Thielke: Herbal tea against Corona? Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, May 11, 2020, accessed on May 12, 2020 .
  31. ↑ Coronavirus: Caution urged over Madagascar's 'herbal cure'. BBC News, April 22, 2020, accessed May 12, 2020 .
  32. ↑ Abdur Rahman Alfa Shaban: Chad takes delivery of Madagascar virus cure, COVID-Organics. Africa News, May 10, 2020, accessed May 12, 2020 .
  33. ↑ Abdur Rahman Alfa Shaban: Congo receives COVID-Organics donation from Madagascar. Africa News, May 6, 2020, accessed May 12, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Rajoelina, Andry
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rajoelina, Andry Nirina (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Malagasy politician
DATE OF BIRTH May 30, 1974