Wander word

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A wandering word is a word that spread in prehistoric times through trade, warfare or settlement movements in many different languages and cultures . Typical examples of hiking words are ginger , caraway and tea .

In particular, loanwords are referred to as "wandering words" if, due to their widespread use, their old age and the incomplete transmission of many languages, it is hardly possible to clarify which language they originally came from. The numerous Arabic , French , English , etc. words that spread globally as a result of the Islamic expansion of the Middle Ages or the modern European expansion are not referred to as wandering words, nor are the numerous Latin and Greek words that have existed since ancient times throughout the Mediterranean and beyond. However, there can also be generally accepted hypotheses about their origin for wandering words - such as the widespread assumption that the word “ tea ” is ultimately of Chinese origin.

Some ancient loanwords are associated with the spread of writing systems. An example of this is the Sumerian musar , Akkadian musarumdocument , seal ”, apparently borrowed from Urindo-Iran as * mudra “seal” ( Middle Persian muhr , Sanskrit mudrā ). Some even older, late Neolithic wandering words have been suggested, for example the Sumerian gu- , uridg. g w ou- " ox "; or the Sumerian balag , Akkadian pilaku- , uridg. pelek'u- " ax ".

Individual evidence

  1. The Pennsylvanian Sumerian Dictionary ( memento of the original from January 13, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; However, Akkadian pilakku- means “ spindle ”, and Sumerian balag is correctly transcribed as balaĝ ( ĝ stands for [ŋ]), means “a big drum or harp” and was borrowed from Akkadian as balangu . In addition, the Sumerian word for "ox" is correctly gud , while gu 4 is only a secondary pronunciation variant (the d is not pronounced if there is no vowel, but is the original part of the lexeme , i.e. its phonological form, see the French liaison ) . @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / psd.museum.upenn.edu