Wang Luang
The Wang Luang ( Thai : วังหลวง - Royal Palace ) is the royal palace in Ayutthaya , central Thailand . It was the residence of the Siamese king in the Kingdom of Ayutthaya .
It is also known as the "Old Palace" (Thai: พระราชวัง โบราณ - Phra Ratchawang Boran ) to distinguish it from the Grand Palace in Bangkok. The Wang Luang served as a model for the construction of the palace in Bangkok shortly after its destruction by the Burmese in 1767 .
location
The Wang Luang is located in the northwest of the old town of Ayutthaya on U Thong Street and near the bank of the Khlong Khu Mueang ("moat", originally the Lopburi River ).
Building history
After King U Thong made Ayutthaya the capital of his new kingdom, he built his palace in the north of the island, which was formed by the three rivers Mae Nam Chao Phraya , Mae Nam Pa Sak and Mae Nam Lop Buri and a later dug canal. King Borommatrailokanat (ruled 1448–1488) moved the palace north to the banks of the Lop Buri River to make way for the new temple Wat Phra Sri Sanphet . He divided the area of the palace area into an "inner" and an "outer area". King Boromtrailokanat had the so-called “Sanphet Prasat Hall” (Thai: พระที่นั่ง สรรเพ ช มหา ปราสาท ) built as a throne room, in which King Narai later received the embassy from the court of King Louis XIV . A replica of this building can now be seen in the Mueang Boran Open Air Museum outside Bangkok.
A little further south stood another throne hall, which was initially called "Mangkhala Phisek Hall" (Thai: พระที่นั่ง มั ง คลา ภิ เษ ก ). It was probably built by the successor of Boromtrailokanat. Here King Naresuan received the ruling prince of Chiang Mai , who had decided to pay tribute to the kingdom. During the reign of King Prasat Thong, however , it and 110 other buildings in the palace district burned down completely after a lightning strike. The king had it rebuilt later, but then called it "Viharn-Somdet-Prasat-Halle" (Thai: พระที่นั่ง วิหาร สมเด็จ มหา ปราสาท ). It was clad with gold plates, which is why this building was popularly called the Golden Palace. Prasat Thong expanded the palace and surrounded the entire area including Wat Phra Si Sanphet with a high wall. He had other throne halls built, such as B. the Suriyart-Amarin-Halle. In the southeast corner of the palace he had the “Chakrawat Phaichayon Hall” (Thai: พระที่นั่ง จักร วร ร ด่์ ไพชยนต์ ) built in order to follow the processions and parades that took place on the Sanam Chai. The Sanam Chai (Thai: สนาม ชัย - main square , today's counterpart in Bangkok, for example: Sanam Luang ) belonged to the “outer area” of the palace.
King Narai had the "Banyong Rattanat Pavilion" (Thai: พระที่นั่ง บรรยงก์ รัตนา ส น์ ) built in 1687 in the west of the "inner area" on a small island in an artificial fish pond, the "Ang Kaeo" (Thai: อ่าง แก้ว ) .
In 1767 the Old Palace was looted and set on fire by the Burmese, along with many other structures. Since King Phra Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I) wanted to build up his new capital Bangkok as quickly as possible , he had the bricks of the dilapidated palace buildings transported by boat and brought to Bangkok. Therefore today only the foundation walls a few centimeters high can be seen in the entire former palace district.
One building can be seen in its entirety today: the Trimuk Pavilion (Thai: พระที่นั่ง ตรีมุข ), for which no historical evidence exists, but whose foundations were discovered in the reign of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) in 1907. During his visit in 1908, the king had a new pavilion built on these foundations. Several kings, including the penultimate ruling Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) , held ceremonies in honor of the rulers of ancient Ayutthaya here.
use
King Phetracha resided in Wang Luang between 1688 and 1702, and had the Banyong Rattanat construction begun under King Narai completed.
The palace had a total of eight forts along the wall, which had 21 entrance gates, two of them directly on the banks of the Lopburi. In its last expansion phase it could be divided into the following areas:
- The “outer area” in which the “Chakrawat Phaichayon Hall” stood. There were some administration buildings here.
- The "middle area" with the three throne halls Viharn Somdet, Sanphet Prasat and Suriyart Amarin. The royal elephant stables were also located here.
- The “inner area” with the Banyong Rattanat Pavilion and other residential buildings. There were also other gardens here with melodious names such as B. "Suan Angun" ( grape garden ) or "Suan Kratei" ( rabbit garden ).
Attractions
Suriyat Amarin Pavilion
The hall was built by King Prasat Thong or King Narai near the northern city wall. It was crowned by a quadruple gable in the Siamese style and was raised so high that the king could watch the boats on the Lopburi River.
Sanphet Prasat Pavilion
This hall was built in 1448 on the orders of King Borommatrailokanat . It was the most important and largest of the halls and was also used as a royal residence during state events.
Chakrawat Phaichaiyon Pavilion
This hall was built in 1632 on the palace wall of Wat Phra Sri Sanphet. It had a triple gable and was used by the king to observe military exercises and parades.
Viharn Somdet Pavilion
King Prasat Thong had this hall built in 1643. It had a roof in the shape of a prang , a temple tower in the Khmer style.
Banyong Rattanat Pavilion
The Banyong Rattana Hall had four gables and was built in the middle of the lake belonging to the palace. The hall was very popular with the late kings of Ayuthhaya.
Tri Muk Pavilion
Today you can see the Trimuk Pavilion, which is a wooden structure on a brick foundation. It was originally built by King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) , but the current structure is a replica of the old architecture.
Arms Pavilion
This hall was rectangular in shape and stood at the western end of the lake near the Banyong Rattana Pavilion. It was probably used for weapons exercises. Audiences were held here after the king used the Banyong Rattana Pavilion as living space.
literature
- หนังสือ ชุด แผนที่ ความ รู้ เมือง ไทย - วัด และ วัง ใน กรุง เก่า ( Temples and Palaces in the Old Capital City ). Plan Readers Publication, Bangkok 2003, ISBN 974-91126-7-9
- Chaiwat Worachetwarawat: Interesting Temples and Ruins in Ayutthaya . Rajabhat Institute Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Ayutthaya 2001 (oh. ISBN)
- A Survey of Thai Arts and Architectural Attractions: A Manual for Tourist Guides . Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University 5th ed. 2002. ISBN 974-578-765-5 .
- คู่มือ ท่องเที่ยว เรียน รู้ อยุธยา , Museum Press, Bangkok 2546 (2003), ISBN 974-92888-5-8
Individual evidence
- ↑ Derick Garnier: Ayutthaya - Venice of the East . River Books, Bangkok 2004, ISBN 974-8225-60-7
Web links
- http://ayutthaya-info.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=97&Itemid=25 Description in English
Coordinates: 14 ° 21 ′ 31 ″ N , 100 ° 33 ′ 30 ″ E