Friedrich Arnold weaving mill

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The Friedrich Arnold weaving mill was once one of the largest and most important weaving mills in Greiz and Langenwetzendorf , Thuringia . The importance of the company and person of Ernst Arnold are inextricably linked with the city of Greiz and continue to have an effect today.

history

The Friedrich Arnold company was founded in 1836 by the penniless weaver Christian Friedrich Arnold (1818–1879) as a trading post . His parents came from Weber families (his mother was born Heyer, another Greizer Weber dynasty). Through diligence and skill, he was soon able to sell his own goods, and his son Friedrich Ernst Arnold (1841–1893) soon became his most important support. The symbol of the "busy bee" became the company's trademark ("Biene" brand). In 1872 he was able to set up a wool weaving mill in Tannendorf 55 with 120 mechanical looms. From 1878 Wilhelm Paul Arnold (1856–1928), the younger son of Friedrich Arnold and later Privy Councilor of Commerce, and later the youngest son Ferdinand Hermann (1861–1925), became co-owners. Friedrich Ernst Arnold remained childless, so that the sons of his brothers, Friedrich Paul and Hans, continued to run the company. In 1937 the company was converted into a GmbH and expropriated on May 31, 1945 .

In 1879 the number of looms was already 500, so that in 1881 the company expanded and today's buildings were built. At the Melbourne International Exhibition (1880) and 1888 the company was under 260 Arnold, Friedrich, Greiz. Pure woolen goods. represented. In 1885 the number of looms was already 1200 and in 1886 an additional factory could be built in Langenwetzendorf. In 1892 there were 470 employees in Greiz alone, and in 1923 464 in Langenwetzendorf. In 1925 the annual production amounted to 2,252,000 m² of fabric and remained roughly at this level, but increased again by around 30% in the 1930s.

The factory in Langenwetzendorf was placed under trust management on June 1, 1945, which lasted until June 30, 1947, until June 30, 1948 the factory operated under the name of "wool and silk weaving" bee "as LEB. July 1948 as VEB Wollweberei "Biene" to be transferred from January 1st, 1952 to the newly founded VEB Greika and referred to as "Plant II", later in 1970 the operation in VEB Greika was opened as Plant I / 2, since 1977 as Plant VII .

The plant at Plauenschen Strasse 2 in Greiz was given a different purpose. First in trust management, it was placed under Sequester on February 1, 1946 and renamed to "Biene" wool and silk weaving mill on July 1, 1947, to VEB wool weaving mill "Biene" on July 1, 1948 and to VEB Greika on January 1, 1952 . During this time, preparations were made for use as a vocational school, the villa (Plauensche Str. 2a) became an apprentice dormitory. On January 1, 1953, the company was called Lehrkombinat VEB Textilia, Plant IV . From 1955 apprentices came from Neumark, Netzschkau and Reichenbach / Vogtl. for training, from 1956 also from Berga and Langenwetzendorf. The training workshops in the places mentioned were closed. On January 1, 1957, the training combination was transformed into the BBS Junge Garde with the departments of vocational school, training workshop, branch textile finishing and apprenticeship dormitory (up to 202 places), extra-curricular work as well as business and administration. Since 1990 the BS Junge Garde has been continued as the State Vocational School II.

Ernst Arnold was also very committed to social issues: through a foundation, he enabled apprentices to receive funding, a day nursery (1910, Greiz, Marienstraße 10) and a boys' day care center (1896, Greiz, Neuer Weg 5), and later a children's hospital and a children's home were added . His will included a foundation of 1,000,000 Reichsmarks (according to today's money, several million euros) for a retirement home for 100 seniors, known since GDR times as "Seghersheim", named after Anna Seghers ), today in the media often again unofficially Ernst- and called Lina-Arnold-Stift. It was built from 1898–1901 in Greiz, Leonhardtstrasse 58. In Langenwetzendorf he donated the school that bears his name and still exists today.

In his honor, Topfmarkt / Neumarkt in the center of Greiz on November 30, 1904 in Ernst-Arnold-Platz (since 1948 Puschkinplatz) and Elsterberger Strasse in front of his company in Greiz on May 15, 1914 (since July 20, 1950 Plauensche Str .) named after him posthumously.

Corporate and residential buildings

The representative Greizer factory can be found in Plaunschen Str. 2a (Tannendorf 51 when the company was founded). It comprised administration building, weaving hall, machine and boiler house, garages, etc. It was built together with Villa Ernst Arnolds in 1881 (Plauensche Str. 2, previously Tannendorf 52). The ensemble is a listed building.

The Villa Paul Arnolds can be found in Greiz at Carolinenstraße 32. It was built in 1883 and is empty without being used. Paul Arnold's summer house is located at Leonhardtstrasse 64, very close to the monastery (No. 58) from his parents' foundation that has been preserved and is in private use. Both villas are under monument protection.

We find the Villa Ferdinand Hermann in an exposed location on Papiermühlenweg 11. It is used, among other things, as a law firm. The villa is a listed building.

present

The main company building in Greiz was restored and rebuilt after the weaving hall and the ancillary buildings as well as the earlier demolition of the heating and machine house including the chimney and still serves as the State Vocational School II and has been called "Ernst Arnold" since 2013 .

The existing company building in Langenwetzendorf including the company premises was also renovated after several interim uses and after the demolition of the heating and machine house, the associated chimney and most of the weaving hall and is now used by Feutron Klimasimulation GmbH.

literature

  • Dietfried Köhler: The historical-geographical development of the industry of the Greiz district - with special consideration of the development of the city of Greiz. Inaugural dissertation: Greiz, 1968. Greiz City and District Library
  • District of Greiz (publisher District Office District of Greiz): Villas, town houses and commercial buildings in the district of Greiz, Druckerei Tischendorf, Greiz, 2011
  • 100 years of Friedrich Arnold Friedrich Arnold GmbH, Greiz: 1837-1937 (original drawing by P. Schönfeldt. Company history: P. Hoppe) self-published by the company, 1937
  • "The history of the Greiz textile industry: flowering and decay" - developed by Günter Kanis, Ursula Frosch and Monika Bucksch. Greiz 1992/93, published in 3 issues of the "Heimatbote" 1994/1995

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The Official Catalog of the Exhibits , Melbourne International Exhibition Catalog, 1880
  2. ↑ History of the vocational school ( Memento from February 27, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ^ Memories of Arnoldsche Villa
  4. ↑ a b c http://reussischefuerstenstrasse.de/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/2002.06_amtsblatt.pdf (link not available)
  5. ^ Vogtlandspiegel on vocational school
  6. ↑ Thüringer Allgemeine 10 years Feutron