Weir system on the Turmbauerkogel
| Weir system on the Turmbauerkogel | ||
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 The Turmbauerkogel on which elevations of the two moths can still be seen |
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| Creation time : | probably before 1265 | |
| Castle type : | moth | |
| Conservation status: | Burgstall | |
| Standing position : | probably servants | |
| Place: | Eibiswald | |
| Geographical location | 46 ° 40 ′ 20 " N , 15 ° 14 ′ 40" E | |
| Height: | 490 m above sea level A. | |
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The weir system on the Turmbauerkogel in the municipality of Eibiswald in Styria consists of the remains of two moths . It was probably built before 1265 and was used until the 15th century.
Location
The remains of the weir system are located in the Eibiswald cadastral municipality of Sterglegg , about halfway between the upper Saggautal and the Radlpass . You stand there on two hills, of which the northern one is called Turmbauerkogel I and the southern one Turmbauerkogel II. The terrain between the two hills slopes gently from north to south in a width of 25 to 30 meters in two steps, and steeply to the east and west and is now partially used for agriculture. The masonry is no longer visible, but there are steps in the terrain that are assigned to the buildings of the castle and its farm buildings.
history
The defense system was probably built by service men who held a princely office and regional court in the Eibiswald area . It probably served to protect the former road over the Radlpass. It is assumed that the historically undetectable knight Iwein, who gave Eibiswald its name, sat on the Turmbauerkogel. The relocation of the castle to the site of Eibiswald Castle is associated with the redesign of the Eibiswald site in the time of King Ottokar II. Přemysl , who was also ruler of Styria from 1261. Archaeological finds suggest, however, that the facility was used until the 15th century. It is unclear whether the "hovs ze Ibanswalde" mentioned in a message from 1294 is the defense system or the newly built Eibiswald Castle .
In 1954 the Styrian State Museum Joanneum on the Turmbauerkogel carried out the first archaeological investigations. In 1968 the Institute for Pre- and Protohistory at the University of Vienna led an approximately two-week excavation campaign. During the excavations, ceramic remains from the 13th and 14th centuries, iron parts (crossbow bolts and so on) and a stone cannonball were found.
description
The castle was built as a moth . An earlier interpretation, according to which it was a place for cultic purposes or (regarding the flat area between the two hills) as the later abandoned building site for the Eibiswalder Church, has been abandoned. The north-south facing castle complex has a total length of about 450 meters and a width of up to 50 meters. The hills at the northern and southern ends of the complex were reinforced by ramparts and ditches, some of which are still clearly visible today. The area between the hills offered a good location for a possible outer bailey , which, however, has not yet been archaeologically proven. But there could also have been fields and gardens there. On the south sides of the two hills, in front of each other, there is an area about 30 meters long and 15 to 20 meters wide, in which the actual outer bailey was probably located.
Motte Turmbauerkogel I
The former Motte Turmbauerkogel I is located in the northern part of the weir system at an altitude of 490 meters, a wooden tower on a stone foundation is believed to be built. The hill drops steeply to the north, east and west and is likely to have been artificially abolished at least in part. In the south there is a flat area that was probably the location of a bailey and is now bordered by the “Turmbauer” farm. There is a depression in front of the farm that could be a filled ditch.
The plateau of the actual moth has a base area of around 15 × 20 meters and the moth hill is around five meters high. In the western part there is a recently laid out driveway and you can find larger rubble and rolling stones which indicate destroyed stone structures. Between the northern, eastern and western parts of the moth hill and the edge of the plateau there is a 10 to 14 meter wide strip of terrain. In the west this strip is bordered by an earth wall, which is cut through in the southwest by the above-mentioned road. Nothing of the rest of the wall has survived.
Motte Turmbauerkogel II
The former Motte Turmbauerkogel II is located in the southern part of the weir system at an altitude of 505 meters. It consists of a moth hill surrounded by a wall. In the south, like the Motte on Turmbauerkogel I, there is a flat area that was probably the location of a bailey. This southern moth had a multi-story stone tower.
The plateau of the actual moth has a diameter of 15 to 18 meters and you can still find wall and wall fragments on the edge. The actual moth hill is around four meters high today and is surrounded by a filled ditch . As the excavations in 1968 showed, this trench used to be around 1.5 meters deeper and the hill towered over it by around seven meters. The moat separates the moth hill from a continuous wall, which has a diameter of about 40 meters. The steep, eastern part of the wall has partially slipped today. In the south there was an upstream ditch, which is no longer recognizable today and has been archaeologically proven. From the outer section wall in the south of the complex only a flat elevation, which represented the former western part, has been preserved.
During excavations in 1954 and 1968, a one meter wide and 54 meter long section was dug through the entire hill with the exception of the site of the presumed outer bailey. The structure of the ditches and ramparts was known, but nothing about the development of the actual moth hill. No stone structures could be reconstructed due to earlier stone robberies. It is assumed, however, that the hill was once built on by a wooden tower or by a stone building enclosed by a wall.
swell
- Christoph Gutjahr, Georg Tiefengraber: The medieval weir system "Turmbauerkogel" near Eibiswald (Ivnik), district of Deutschlandsberg, western Styria. (PDF; 3.3 MB) www.av.zrc-sazu.si, accessed on May 11, 2013 .
- Walter Modrijan: The medieval settlement and fortification system on the Turmbauerkogel I and II. With an "excavation report " by Fritz Felgenhauer. In: Gerhard Pferschy (Hrsg.): Settlement power and economy. Festschrift Fritz Posch for his 70th birthday. Publications of the Styrian Provincial Archives Volume 12. Graz 1981, pp. 81–88.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Christoph Gutjahr, Georg Tiefengraber: The medieval weir system "Turmbauerkogel" near Eibiswald (Ivnik), district of Deutschlandsberg, West Styria. (PDF; 3.3 MB) www.av.zrc-sazu.si, accessed on May 11, 2013 .
- ↑ Werner Murgg, Bernhard Hebert: Medieval and early modern fortifications in the district of Deutschlandsberg: recording of the soil monuments. With drawings by Stefan Karl. Contributions to medieval archeology in Austria BMÖ. Volume 10, born in 1994. Ed .: Austrian Society for Medieval Archeology ÖGM, Vienna. ISSN 1011-0062 . Pp. 53–54, sketch of the location p. 72.
- ^ Robert Baravalle: Castles and palaces of Styria. An encyclopaedic collection of the Styrian fortifications and properties, which were endowed with various privileges. Graz 1961, Stiasny publishing house. Pp. 86-87.
- ↑ V (áclav, also: Wenzel) Radimský: Urgeschichtliche research in the neighborhood of Wiesbaden in central Styria. I. The prehistoric monuments around Wies . In: Franz Hauer (Red.): Communications from the Anthropological Society in Vienna - MAG. Volume XIII (Volume III of the new series) year 1883. ISSN 0373-5656 , ZDB -ID 206023-1 . Publishing house Gerold. Vienna. Pp. 48-50.
- ↑ a b Christoph Gutjahr: Middle Ages. P. 44 (with picture). In: Helmut-Theobald Müller (ed.), Gernot Peter Obersteiner (overall scientific management): History and topography of the Deutschlandsberg district. ( District topography ). Graz-Deutschlandsberg 2005. ISBN 3-901938-15-X . Styrian Provincial Archives and District Authority Deutschlandsberg 2005. In the series: Great historical regional studies of Styria. Founded by Fritz Posch †. First volume, general part.
