United Nations Conference on the Human Environment
The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment , or World Environment Conference , shortly UNCHE ( English United Nations Conference on the Human Environment ), was held from 5 to 16 June 1972 in Stockholm instead and was the first conference United Nations on environment and is considered the beginning of international (global) environmental policy .
More than 1200 representatives from 113 countries met to develop a "Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment". The adopted declaration contains 26 principles for the environment and development. In addition, an action plan with 109 recommendations was drawn up, which more explicitly details international environmental management measures.
With their adoption, the states commit themselves to cross-border cooperation in environmental and nature conservation issues. As a result, the United Nations Environment Program was founded in the same year , which prepared further conferences. Numerous environmental agreements resulted directly or indirectly from UNCHE, e.g. B.
- the Convention for the Conservation of Migratory Wildlife Species (Bonn Convention),
- the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer with the Montreal Protocol regulating CFC emissions ,
- the Basel Convention on the Cross-Border Handling of Hazardous Waste,
- the Convention on Biological Diversity ( Biodiversity Convention ) with the resulting Cartagena Protocol ,
- the Framework Convention on Climate Change with the Kyoto Protocol ,
- the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (which, however, had a predecessor from 1971).
The subsequent United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 (also known as the World Summit) is mostly perceived as the highlight of the UN conferences.
literature
- Hermann J. Schulte: Only one earth. Environment (VDI Düsseldorf) 2 (3), pp. 20-23 (1972), ISSN 0041-6355
- Hermann J. Schulte: 106 recommendations and one declaration. Environment (VDI Düsseldorf) 2 (4), pp. 20-24 (1972), ISSN 0041-6355
- Lutz Franke: Consensus without commitment . Environment (VDI Düsseldorf) 2 (4), pp. 24-26 (1972), ISSN 0041-6355
- Schulz-Walden, Thorsten (2013): Beginnings of global environmental policy. Environmental security in international politics (1969–1975) , Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich, ISBN 978-3-486-72362-5 .
See also
Web links
- Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (English)
- Report of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment - REPORT OF THE UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON THE HUMAN ENVIRONMENT, A / CONF.48 / 14 / Rev.1 (English, 6.6 MB)