Science tourism

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Science Tourism designated professional travel in the service of science , such as for research on site (research tourism) or to participate in scientific conferences and meetings (conference tourism). Sometimes science tourism is also used to describe an intensive form of educational tourism or cultural tourism , for example in the advertising of tour operators . Another branch of science tourism is tourism activities to finance research trips in which non-scientists take part as travelers and thereby help finance the scientific trip.

Research tourism is about scientific issues that require travel to obtain data; This applies to geosciences and biosciences as well as those subjects that study people themselves: humanities , social and cultural sciences , especially ethnology (ethnology).

Economic aspects

Science tourism is only a small niche market within the travel industry , but with an increasing number of people participating. This trend is favored by the financing of foundations, funds or projects.

Destinations

The geographic areas that attract research interests in the aforementioned disciplines are increasingly located in developing countries . If they are in areas that are also destinations for leisure tourism, researchers and tourists meet.

exploration

As research tourism, scientific travel is increasingly the subject of tourism research and tourism science . The ethnology of tourism is particularly concerned with the elaboration of demarcations between researchers and tourists and the recording of differences and similarities within tourism science .

criticism

Research tourism is the subject of tourism criticism, even if the researchers are still in training and are doing internships as students or collecting data for diploma and master's theses . Because their primary goal is to obtain an academic degree - but not necessarily to safeguard the interests of those who have been visited and researched. This is especially true for ethnology (ethnology). Since it is the science that sees its competence in the interpretation of otherness, its travel activities - perhaps more than those of other disciplines - are exposed to criticism and the requirement to adhere to binding ethical standards for field research and participatory observations in poorer areas of the world and uphold intellectual property rights.

See also

literature

  • Ellen Badone: Crossing Boundaries: Exploring the Borderlands of Ethnography, Tourism, and Pilgrimage. In: Ellen Badone, Sharon R. Roseman (Eds.): Intersecting Journeys: The Anthropology of Pilgrimage and Tourism. University of Illinois Press, Urbana et al. a. 2004, pp. 180-189 (English).
  • Vasiliki Galani-Moutafi: The Self and the Other: Traveler, Ethnographer, Tourist. In: Annals of Tourism Research. Volume 27, No. 1, 2000, pp. 203-224 (English).
  • Judith Schlehe: Ethnology of Tourism: To dissolve the boundaries of field research and travel. In: Periphery. Journal of Politics and Economics in the Third World. Volume 89, No. 23, 2003, pp. 31-47. (budrich-journals.de , PDF).
  • Susan L. Slocum, Carol Kline, Andrew Holden (Eds.): Scientific tourism: Researchers as travelers. Routledge, London / New York 2015, ISBN 978-1-138-08392-9 .
  • Ingrid Thurner: Traveled - Researched: Science tourism as ethnotourism. In: Claudia Trupp, Alexander Trupp (eds.): Ethnotourism: Intercultural encounter at eye level? Mandelbaum, Vienna 2009, ISBN 978-3-85476-318-5 , pp. 156-171.
  • Ingrid Thurner: Science Tourism: The Researcher as a Tourist? In: Communications from the Anthropological Society in Vienna. Volume 129, 1999, pp. 227-246. (ssoar.info , PDF: 548 kB, 21 pages).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Angela Benson: Research Tourism: Professional Travel for Useful Discoveries. In: Marina Novelli (Ed.): Niche Tourism: Contemporary Issues, Trends and Cases. Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford 2005, pp. 133-142 (English).
  2. ↑ James Clifford: Routes. Travel and Translation in the Late Twentieth Century. Harvard University Press, Cambridge et al. a. 1997, p. 52 ff. (English).
  3. ↑ Malcolm Crick: The Anthropologist as Tourist. An Identity in Question. In: Marie-Francoise Lanfant, John B. Allcock, Edward M. Bruner (eds.): International Tourism. Identity and Change (= Sage Studies in International Sociology. Volume 47). Sage, London a. a. 1995, pp. 205 ff. (English).
  4. ↑ Michael Harkin: Modernist Anthropology and Tourism of the Authentic. In: Annals of Tourism Research. Volume 22, No. 3, 1995, pp. 650 and 667 (English).
  5. ^ Association of Social Anthropologists of the UK and Commonwealth: ASA Ethics: Ethical Guidelines for Good Research Practice. Adopted in March 1999, accessed on November 1, 2019.
  6. ↑ Board of the German Society for Ethnology (DGV): Statement on ethics in ethnology. In: Messages of the German Society for Ethnology e. V. No. 37, February 2007, pp. 44–48 ( PDF file; 674 kB; 106 pages ( memento of October 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive )).