Yalata
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Yalata Community (Aboriginal Council) |
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 Location of the Yalata Community in South Australia |
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| structure | |
| State : |
 Australia
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| State : |
 South Australia
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| Administrative headquarters: | Yalata |
| Dates and numbers | |
| Area : | 4,563 km² |
| Residents : | 197 (2016) |
| Population density : | 0.04 inhabitants per km² |
Coordinates: 31 ° 29 ′ S , 131 ° 51 ′ E The Yalata Community is a local administrative area (LGA) in the Australian state of South Australia and has the special status of an Aboriginal Council. According to the official census of 2011, Yalata had exactly 200 permanent residents (2016), but since the Aborigines often change their place of residence, significantly more people sometimes live there.
history
In the 1930s the United Aborigines Mission (UAM) founded a mission station in Ooldea, which was closed in June 1952 because of the unfavorable situation and problems within the UAM. The state government had previously purchased an area for resettlement further south, 30 km from the coast on the edge of the Nullarbor Plain . In 1952 a new mission was established there by the UAM, which was taken over by the Lutheran Church in July 1954 and became known as the Yalata Lutheran Mission.
When nuclear weapons tests were to be carried out by the British military in the north-west of South Australia near Emu and Maralinga in the area of the Aborigines in the early 1950s , many indigenous people were also forcibly relocated to Yalata. Several hundred members of the southern Pitjantjatjara lived there outside their original tribal areas.
When the self-government movement of the Aboriginal communities began in the 1970s, the Yalata Community Incorporated was founded in 1975, a council with seven council members who took care of public tasks such as utilities, land and property management, culture and social institutions. This also ended the mission, even if the Lutherans continued to work in Yalata. The Aboriginal Lands Trust , founded in 1966, made a 4516 km² piece of land available to the community for a symbolic lease. It extends from the north end of the Great Australian Bight ( Head of Bight ) west of Yalata to the north of Coorabie in the southeast of the settlement.
In the early 1980s, the original Pitjantjatjara regions of origin further north were released again and when they were returned to the Aborigines with the Maralinga Tjarutja Land Rights Act 1984, about 200 of the indigenous people left Yalata and went back there.
administration
In 1994 Yalata finally became one of five Local Government Areas with special status under the South Australian Local Government Grants Act and was thus also integrated into the financing system of the local self-government of the state. However, this self-administration was organized by the communities according to their own rules, with due regard for traditions and not very effectively. In 2001, an organizational reform began in Nepabunna , which was followed in 2004 by a review of the situation in Yalata following problems on site. In addition to a regulated and verifiable management of the council, a change in the composition of the council was brought about. The seven large Yalata-based Aboriginal families each elect two representatives to the 14-member council.
Infrastructure
Yalata has a water supply that consists of a borehole and a desalination plant. The village has a Lutheran Church (Good Shepherd Lutheran Church), a health station, a state school for children up to 16 years, as well as a workshop and a shop.
Indigenous Protected Area
On October 1, 1994, the Yalata land was converted into an Indigenous Protected Area (IPA), a protected area under the administration of the indigenous peoples, which serves not only the preservation of nature, but also the cultural sites of the Aborigines. After Nantawarrina , it was the second IPA in South Australia and the fourth in all of Australia. In addition to numerous measures to restore and preserve nature, the community primarily regulates tourism in its area. From May to October, whales come to the Great Australian Bight to mate and give birth to their offspring. The Head of Bight is an ideal area for whale watching. There are several campsites along the coast with fishing opportunities. In the limestone plateaus below the Nullarbor Plain there are extensive caves, some of which are underwater. Between the coastal cliffs in the south and the Illcumba sand dunes in the northwest, the Yalata-IPA consists primarily of extensive areas of eucalyptus. Visiting the area requires a fee-based permit from the IPA administration.
Others
The impact crater " Yatala " on Mars is named after the Yalata Community .
Web links
- Yalata Land Management (English)
- Yalata Community Inc. in the ATNS project (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics : Yalata (Indigenous Location) ( English ) In: 2016 Census QuickStats . June 27, 2017. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
- ↑ Investigation report of a death of a Yalata Aborigine
- ^ Aboriginal Ministry in South Australia ( Memento from December 9, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Maralinga Tjarutja Land Rights Act
- ↑ a b Introduction to Diarrheal Disease: Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices in an Aboriginal Community, by RN Ratnaike, MT Collings, SK Ratnaike, RM Brogan and A. Gibbs © 1988 Springer
- ↑ Local Councils Review - June 2000 (PDF; 707 kB) s. Point 8.3.2 / S. 90
- ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: The Yalata intervention
- ↑ Annual Report of the Aboriginal Lands Parliamentary Standing Committee 2006/2007 ( Memento of October 6, 2009 in the Internet Archive ), footnote 24, p. 23
- ^ Lutheran Church in Australia
- ^ Indigenous Land Corporation