Nepabunna

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Nepabunna Community
(Aboriginal Community)
Australia-Map-SA-AC-Nepabunna.png
Location of the Nepabunna Community in South Australia
structure
State : Australia Australia
State : Flag of South Australia.svg South Australia
Administrative headquarters: Nepabunna
Dates and numbers
Area : 76.4  km²
Residents : 66 (2016)
Population density : 0.9 inhabitants per km²

Coordinates: 30 ° 35 ′  S , 138 ° 59 ′  E The Nepabunna Community Council is a local administrative area (LGA) in the Australian state of South Australia and has the special status of an Aboriginal community. The area is about 76 km². Nepabunna has 66 inhabitants (as of 2016). This makes the LGA one of those with the fewest inhabitants in South Australia. However, the Aborigines are often not tied to a fixed place of residence, so that at times far more people live in Nepabunna.

Nepabunna is located in the eastern outback of the state on a plateau of the Gammon Ranges in the northern Flinders Range . It is located at the southwest end of the Vulkathunha Gammon Ranges National Park and north of the Nantawarrina Conservation Area . The Aboriginal settlement is located approximately 55 km east of Leigh Creek and 480 km north of Adelaide .

history

The area around the Flinders range from Lake Torrens in the west to the present-day border with New South Wales was inhabited by the tribes of the Adnyamathanha Aborigines (Adnyamathanha means "people from the hills") before the first white settlers settled in the area from 1851 . The United Aborigines Mission (UAM) founded a mission station in Nepabunna in 1930. Like many other indigenous tribal areas in South Australia, the area around Nepabunna was transferred to the Aboriginal Lands Trust (ALT) in 1966 . In the 1970s a settlement of the indigenous people was built there.

In 1994, Nepabunna became one of five Local Government Areas with special status under the South Australian Local Government Grants Act . In April 2001 the community of the Local Government Association, in which all regular LGAs and the only Aboriginal community Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara are represented, joined as an extraordinary member.

Nature and tourism

In the late 1990s, discussions were held on how to include the aboriginal areas in the National Reserve System . In 1997 the concept of the Indigenous Protected Area was introduced, a protected area under the administration of the indigenous people, who take care of both biodiversity and cultural heritage. As the first area in Australia on August 26, 1998, the traditional area of ​​the Adnyamathanha south of the Vulkathunha Gammon Ranges National Park and southeast of Nepabunna was designated an IPA and placed under the administration of the Nepabunna Community. The Nantawarrina area is 590 km² and has been affected by its use as pastureland and by wild animals such as rabbits, cats, goats and donkeys. The Aborigines are trying to restore the land by replanting and containing the introduced animals. In addition, they use the traditional cultural sites not only to carry on their own heritage, in Iga Warta, five kilometers west of Nepabunna, there is tourist accommodation and tours are offered that also introduce visitors to the nature, history and culture of the area. The establishment of the Nantawarrina IPA created jobs for the residents of Nepabunna and strengthened the sense of community. The Natawarrina project received an award in 2000 under the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP).

Climate and water

Nepabunna is located in a very warm and dry area. In summer it usually reaches 40 ° C, in winter up to 17 ° C during the day with occasional night frost. Rainfalls in the region are sparse, averaging around 200mm per year, and are not steady but fall in occasional large showers. The residents of the settlement collect the rainwater from the roofs in a large storage container and use it as drinking water. There are also two boreholes that supply Nepabunna with utility water. Due to its high salt content and other impurities, it is not to be used as drinking water. The increasing drought in Australia since 1990 has caused rainfall to shrink to 50% to 70% of the long-term average and poses a threat to the existence of the outback settlement.

Agriculture

Despite the drought and a devastating plague of locusts, the mid-2000s succeeded in growing a range of fruits, including desert raisins (akudjuras) and tanami apples (both types of bush tomatoes), native oranges and bush cucumbers.

Horses are also kept in the community. They are used in tourism for riding trips.

administration

Since the five Aboriginal communities have traditional social structures and processes for decision-making that are shaped by the tribe, the administrative system that is common in the local government areas of the white population could not be used. After local self-government was recognized in five areas and the financial resources of the communities were granted from the budget of the SA Local Government Grants Commission from 1994/95, the administration also had to be adapted to the new requirements and demands, taking these circumstances into account. In 2001, the representatives of the Nepabunna Community agreed to act as pioneers in setting the framework for community leadership. The result of the Framework for Governance Project was a stipulation for Nepabunna, which provides for a council made up of adult members of the community, led by five elected executive officers.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics : Nepabunna (State Suburb) ( English ) In: 2016 Census QuickStats . June 27, 2017. Retrieved April 20, 2020.
  2. ↑ Infrastructure South Australia - Aboriginal Lands 88-93 (PDF file; 116 kB)
  3. ↑ Twentieth Century Heritage Survey (1946-1959), page 15
  4. ↑ Parliamentary report on the Pitjantjatjara land rights ( memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Going to press June 2, 2004, footnote 310, page 72 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.anangu.com.au
  5. ↑ 2001-2002 Report on the Operation of the Local Government (Financial Assistance), page 232
  6. ↑ Definition of the Indigenous Protected Area (IPA), Australian Ministry of the Environment ( Memento of the original from July 23, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.environment.gov.au
  7. ^ Map of Nantawarrina
  8. ↑ UNEP Global 500 Award, June 1, 2000
  9. ^ Nantawarrina Indigenous Protected Area
  10. ↑ Aboriginal perceptions of incompatibility of location, lifestyle and water resources , M. Pearce, E. Willis and T. Jenkin, 30th WEDC International Conference, 2004
  11. ↑ Outback Pride - Nepabunna ( Memento from January 14, 2010 in the web archive archive.today )
  12. ↑ Framework for Governance - Project Report , December 2001 (PDF file; 202 kB)