Zadok (Tannait)
Rabbi Zadok (also: Tsadoq ; Hebrew: צדוק, righteous; * after 30 BC; † after 70 AD) was an ancient Jewish scholar and was one of the oldest Tannaites of the 1st generation.
Zadok was of priestly descent and belonged to the Shammaite school. He grew very old and was still alive at the time of the temple destruction; It is said of him that he fasted day after day for 40 years before this national calamity in order to avert the destruction of the shrine. He was so debilitated that, in order to prevent his death, Rabban Jochanan ben Sakkai asked Emperor Vespasian to send a doctor to save Zadok ( bGitt. 56 b; Echa Rabbati I., 31).
Zadok recovered and belonged - honored - to the academy in Jawne in the following years ; Gamaliel II gave him and with him his brothers places of honor to the right of Nassi (chairman) ( jSanh. I., 4).
His son, grandson, and great-grandchildren were also Tannaites; Since his grandson was also called Zadok, the traditions of the two cannot always be clearly separated historically; Theorems in the father's sayings (IV., 7) are assigned partly to Hillel and partly to Jehuda ben Tabbai.
There is a Yiddish proverb about Zadok's fasting: He looks like a grojgeress d'rabi Zudojk.
Individual evidence
literature
- Jack N. Lightstone: The Rabbinic traditions concerning Rabbi Sadoq the Yavnean , Diss. Brown University, Providence 1974.
- Jack N. Lightstone: Sadoq the Yavnean , in: WS Green (ed.): Persons and Institutions in Early Rabbinic Judaism (= BJS 3), Scholars Press, Missoula 1977, Vol. 1, 49-147.
- Susan Hattis Rolef: ZADOK . In: Encyclopaedia Judaica . 2nd Edition. Volume 21, Detroit / New York a. a. 2007, ISBN 978-0-02-865949-7 , p. 441 (English).
- Solomon Schechter , S. Mendelsohn: ELIEZER (ELEAZAR) B. ZADOK. In: Isidore Singer (Ed.): Jewish Encyclopedia . Funk and Wagnalls, New York 1901-1906.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Zadok |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Jewish scholar, Tannait |
| DATE OF BIRTH | after 30 BC Chr. |
| DATE OF DEATH | after 70 |