Central Institute for Vocational Training of the GDR

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Schützenstraße 5 ZIB today (right) and 6

The Central Institute for Vocational Training of the GDR was a research facility in the field of vocational training for apprentices in vocational schools and companies as well as training and further education for skilled workers and masters. It existed from 1956 to 1990 under different names.

history

At the beginning of 1950 the young GDR decided to set up a central institute for vocational training. On September 1, 1950, the German Central Institute for Vocational Training began its work in the (East) Berlin Neue Wilhelmstrasse 9-11. The board of the Berlin-based Institute for Vocational Training e. During this time V. dissolved the association founded in 1947 and transferred the legal succession to the German Central Institute for Vocational Training. The Institute for Vocational Training e. V. Berlin emerged indirectly from the German Committee for Technical Schools (DATSCH), founded in 1908 , which was continued by decree in 1939 at the Reich Institute for Vocational Training in Commerce and Industry.

The legal stipulations for the establishment of the German Central Institute for Vocational Education and Training were made primarily with the Ordinance on the Improvement of the Training of Qualified Industrial Workers in Vocational Schools and Company Vocational Schools of January 26, 1950 and the Act on Promoting Young People in School and Work of February 28, 1950 Institute comprised the departments of theory and practice of vocational training and education and training of teachers. The main tasks named were the elaboration of uniform job profiles, especially for technical training and the production of corresponding textbooks. At the same time, the law stipulated that in 1950 a department for the training and further education of teachers for vocational and technical schools should be created. The 1/1950 issue of the magazine “Berufsbildung” had the subtitle “at the same time organ of the German Central Institute for Vocational Education” for the first time.

From 1956 the institute was called the German Institute for Vocational Training , from 1964 German Institute for Vocational Training and from 1973 the Central Institute for Vocational Training of the GDR .

The institute was a subordinate institution, such as the Ministry of National Education (1950–1951 and 1958–1962), the Ministry of Labor and Vocational Training (1956–1958), the State Planning Commission (1964–1966), and the State Office for Vocational Training (1966 –1970), the State Secretariat for Vocational Training (1970–1989) and the Ministry of Education (1990). With its assignment to the State Office for Vocational Training in 1966, it became a pure research institute. It was financed from the state budget.

From 1951 the tasks were carried out directly in the State Secretariat for Vocational Training (State Secretary Rudolf Wießner ), from 1954–1956 in the Ministry of Labor and Vocational Training. In the early 1960s, the institute was briefly integrated into the German Central Pedagogical Institute . The constant change in subordination was often associated with a change of location for the institute. The Ministry of Public Education provided the institute with the address Schönfließer Strasse, Berlin Prenzlauer Berg, the State Planning Commission provided the House of Ministries, Leipziger Strasse, Berlin-Mitte.

In connection with the political turnaround in the GDR in autumn 1989 , the Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training came closer , with which contacts had existed since 1986 through the first joint colloquium. In January 1990, representatives from both institutes reached an agreement on close cooperation.

On the basis of the contract to establish German unity , the Central Institute for Vocational Education and Training of the GDR, last location Berlin-Mitte, Reinhold-Huhn-Strasse 5 (today Schützenstrasse ), was dissolved after 40 years of existence with effect from December 31, 1990.

Tasks and structure

The tasks, rights and duties as well as the management and organization of the Central Institute for Vocational Education and Training of the GDR were regulated by the statute established by the State Secretariat for Vocational Education and Training. The main tasks to be emphasized are: Development of the scientific preliminary for educational policy decisions of the government and of effective aids for the practice of vocational training through basic research, applied research and development work.

The following work areas formed the prerequisites for this:

Vocational pedagogical theory, vocational research / strategy, curriculum theory / training paths, basic subjects / computer science, teaching in vocational training, teaching methodology / teaching materials , content and teaching in adult education, training and further training for masters, training and further training for professional pedagogues, management and economics of vocational training, International comparisons, history and career guidance. The ZIB exercised the function of the vocational pedagogical control center for information and documentation and was the annual publisher of the “Literature Catalog Vocational Education”. As of 1967, the institute had its own editorial staff as the publisher of the scientific journal “Research in Socialist Vocational Education”.

In the 1970s, the institute turned to particular questions about the effects of scientific and technical progress on the content and profile of skilled workers.

In line with the increased responsibility and the increased tasks of the institute, in 1974 the Central Institute for Vocational Education and Training of the GDR was entrusted with the management, planning and coordination of all vocational educational research in its focus and main directions. The Central Research Plan 1976–1980 was already the result of coordinated cooperation, especially with the vocational education sections and scientific areas of universities and colleges, e.g. B. with the Technical University of Dresden , the Humboldt University of Berlin .

The 1980s were characterized by increasing international connections of the institute and higher tasks in the fulfillment of related obligations in the field of vocational training. Research tasks were solved from the plans for multilateral cooperation between the socialist countries. Furthermore, working contacts developed with institutions in Finland, Switzerland, Austria, France and the FRG. Employees of the institute were involved in tasks within the framework of UNESCO and the ILO . The institute contributed to the implementation of the 1st UNESCO International Congress on Technical and Vocational Education in Berlin in 1987 and to the drafting of a vocational training convention. The Convention on Vocational Education and Training was adopted in 1989 by the UNESCO General Conference at its 25th session.

A Scientific Advisory Board existed at the institute to advise on basic questions about the development of research in the field of vocational training. It included specialists, representatives of the state, the economy, social organizations and the practice of vocational training. It was directed by the institute director.

In accordance with its tasks, the ZIB had the following structure and personnel capacity in the years 1986 - 1990:

Structure and staff zib b.png

Directors and employees

Heinrich Leß, an anti-fascist trade teacher, became director of the Central Institute for Vocational Training with effect from July 1, 1950. In 1947 he took over the management of the Vocational and Technical Schools department in the German Central Administration for National Education and, after the founding of the GDR, was deputy head of the school department in the Ministry of National Education. The focus of his activity was the promotion of the vocational school as a means of education and training for the vast majority of students ("school of 95 percent"). In the fall semester of 1951/52 he took over lectures on vocational school education in the USSR in the subject of professional education and professional psychology at the economics faculty of the Humboldt University in Berlin. After Heinrich Leß left the company, Kurt Heinze, the former head of the mining school in Halle-Ammendorf and, since 1960, deputy director of the institute, held office.

As a consequence of the state orientation of the institute towards meeting the labor demand in the national economy, the labor economist Arnold Knauer from the Berlin School of Economics was appointed director of the institute in 1965 . Until he left for health reasons, he largely determined the development of the institute for 15 years, gave it growing charisma, promoted the foundation of professional educational research, combined with the design of the internal structure and its numerical reinforcement. He paid particular attention to the institute's increasing international collaborative relationships.

At the end of 1980, Wolfgang Rudolph, formerly secretary of the Central Council of Free German Youth and responsible for matters relating to vocational training, was introduced as director of the institute. As a doctoral candidate in the field of philosophy, he concentrated his scientific activities, above all on questions of professional pedagogical theory. After many theoretical insights into individual areas of vocational education, the time had risen to systematize more and make a fundamental contribution to the theory of the vocational educational process.

In July 1990, 132 people were employed at the institute, 78 of them as research staff, 25 people in the scientific organization and 29 people as technical staff. The proportion of women was 58.3%. More than three quarters of the research staff had a university degree in the field of vocational education, the others in the fields of education, economics , psychology , occupational science, philosophy or natural sciences . A quarter had qualifications in two or more scientific disciplines. The proportion of researchers with doctorates and habilitation was 60%.

Awards

The institute was awarded the Patriotic Order of Merit in Silver and the Order of the Banner of Labor .

literature

  • Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (Hrsg.): Terms of professional education in the Federal Republic of Germany and in the German Democratic Republic. 1990 ( Book-info.com [accessed June 10, 2018]).
  • Central Institute for Vocational Education in the GDR: Vocational Education, Editorial Board under the direction of Wolfgang Rudolph. People and Knowledge Volkseigener Verlag Berlin, 1989.
  • Central institute for vocational training of the GDR: The teaching process in vocational training. Author collective under the direction of Kurt Heinze. People and Knowledge Volkseigener Verlag Berlin, 1981.
  • Jörg-Peter Pahl (Hrsg.): Lexicon vocational training . Reference work for the non-academic and academic areas, p. 948. Bertelsmann, Bielefeld 2016, ISBN 978-3-7639-5683-8 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  • Collective of authors: Socialist vocational training - skilled workers - curriculum work. People and Knowledge Volkseigener Verlag Berlin, 1983.
  • Author collective under the direction of G. Schneider: Adult education. People and Knowledge Volkseigener Verlag Berlin, 1988.
  • Behrendt, Wolfgang; After work, Günter: Management activity of the director at institutions for vocational training, people and knowledge Volkseigener Verlag, Berlin 1988.
  • Collective of authors edited by G. Feierabend, H. Freyer, K. Heinze, A. Knauer and G. Schneider: Lexikon der Wirtschaft-Berufsbildung , Verlag Die Wirtschaft Berlin, 1978.
  • Heinrich Leß: Some of the tasks of the German Central Institute for Vocational Training. In: Zeitschrift Berufsbildung , 4, 1950, pp. 18-20.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Volkmar Herkner: 100 years of order in vocational training . From the German Committee for Technical Schools (DATSCH) to the Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (BIBB). Ed .: Federal Institute for Vocational Training. December 8, 2008, p. 89–91, 94 ( Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training [PDF; accessed on June 10, 2018]).
  2. ↑ Law Gazette of the GDR, No. 15/1950, § 18.
  3. ↑ Law Gazette of the GDR, No. 15/1950, § 21.
  4. ↑ Elke Vogel: Findbuch Zentralinstitut für Berufsbildung (DQ 400) (1947-) 1973-1990. The Federal Archives, 2008, accessed on June 10, 2018 .
  5. ↑ arrangement v. March 20, 1973 on the Central Institute for Vocational Training of the GDR (Law Gazette of the GDR I, No. 16, p. 146).
  6. ↑ instruction v. February 11, 1974 on the statute of the Central Institute for Vocational Education and Training of the GDR (decrees and notifications of the State Secretariat for Vocational Education and Training, No. 4, p. 38).
  7. ↑ UNESCO Convention on Vocational Education and Training. Edited by the German UNESCO Commission, Bonn .... Bonn: German UNESCO Commission, 1992, 96 pages.
  8. ↑ Wolfgang Rudolph: Analysis of the tasks and working methods of the Central Institute for Vocational Training of the GDR . Unpublished manuscript, Berlin July 15, 1990.

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