Breeding line

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A breeding line (also: line ) refers to subpopulations of a plant breed or an animal breed that are genetically more uniform than the breed to which they belong and that are only paired with members of their own breeding line.

Plant breeding

In a narrower sense, a line in plant breeding denotes the “individual progeny of a self-fertilizer, which is obtained by sowing the seeds separately according to mother plants.” Such individual progeny are also referred to in botany as “strains”. Since many plants can be propagated both vegetatively and generatively , there is the possibility of pure breeding (“pure line”). Especially with vegetative reproduction, the genetic characteristics are preserved and are only threatened by possible mutations .

In hybrid breeding of plants, different inbred lines are crossed with one another.

Animal breeding

In animal breeding, breeding lines have often emerged through targeted or tolerated, moderate inbreeding ("line breeding "), in the expectation that certain desired traits will reappear in the next generation with a particularly high probability and will be retained through selection . While the affiliation of an animal to a species and, today, often also to a breed, can be clearly demonstrated by genetic analyzes, affiliation to a breed line can usually only be established through proof of parentage. In English specialist literature, the breeding line is below the breed (also: subspecies) in the hierarchy.

Breeding lines are also often used in poultry, dog and cat breeding, whereby the origin of the animals from certain breeders is usually meant here. The distinction between “breed” and “breeding line” acquired a certain relevance in connection with the discussion about so-called attack dogs . Here, the dispute between animal breeders, owners and police authorities often revolves around the question of whether the entire breed should be classified as dangerous or whether this only applies to certain breeding lines.

Various breeding lines of the house mouse and the brown rat are used as test animals in research institutions.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lexicon of Biology in eight volumes. Herder, Freiburg, Basel and Vienna 1985
  2. ↑ T. Gotoh et al. :: Host race formation in Tetranychus urticae : genetic differentiation, host plant preference, and mate choice in a tomato and a cucumber strain . In: Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata . 68, No. 2, 1993, pp. 171-178. doi : 10.1111 / j.1570-7458.1993.tb01700.x .
  3. ^ I. Buddenhagen: Understanding Strain Diversity in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense and History of Introduction of 'Tropical Race 4' To Better Manage Banana Production . In: ISHS Acta Horticulturae . 828, 2009, pp. 193-204.
  4. ↑ H. Eichelberg: Fighting dogs - dangerous dogs , German veterinary weekly, No. 3/200, Verlag M. & H. Schaper, Alfeld (Leine) 2000, pp. 91-93