Latch needle
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Multiple latch needles (circular knitting machine)
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Head of a latch needle
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The latch needle is a loop-forming element in knitting and warp-knitting machines . The invention of the latch needle and the inventor Mac Nary , who developed a circular knitting machine with a pendulum gear and was able to machine the heel of a stocking, played a major role in the success of circular knitting machines .
use
The latch needle is necessary for needle looms for narrow textiles (tapes) because one edge of the fabric tape is created by crocheting the weft thread.
Latch needles can be used in knitting machines (circular and flat knitting machines) as well as in knitting machines (especially Raschel machines ). If the needles are individually moveable (e.g. in a needle channel), then it is a knitting machine. In knitting machines, the needles are held firmly in a needle bar and can only be moved together.
Inventions (selection)
| date | country | inventor | annotation |
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| 1806 | France | Pierre Jeandeau | First sponsor of a latch needle (also tumbler needle) with no example of practical use. |
| 1847-1849 | England | Matthew Townsend (Leicester) | Latch needle ( English latch needle, tumbler, self-acting needle ) |
| 1858 | Germany | Lembcke and Gottlebe (Wittgensdorf) | Tubular needle and double latch needle |
| 1859 | England Germany |
Safety chain chair with latch needles (Apolda) further developed as a "Raschel machine" |
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| 1863 | United States | Isaac Wixom Lamb | Basic principle of a flat knitting machine with latch needles. Needle double bed knitting frame - the (latch) needles are arranged here at an angle of approximately 90 ° to each other. With his hand-operated flat knitting machine, a quick production of tubular and right / right goods was possible. |
| 1865 | England | Clay | Circular knitting machine with double latch needles (enabled the production of left / left patterned knitwear) |
| 1881 | Armand Durand | Tubes needles English tubular pipe compound needle and double latch needles | |
| 1890/1900 | Germany | Company CA Roscher (Mittweida) | English round chair with individually movable latch pins |
See also
literature
- Gustav Willkomm: Latch needles . In: The technology of knitting for technical schools and for self-teaching . Leipzig: Arthur Felix, 1887, p. 38-40 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
Web links
- On the history of knitting machines ( memento from February 2, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) (illustrated)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Time table warp knitting. Förderverein Esche-Museum eV, accessed on May 14, 2019 .
- ↑ a b David J. Spencer: The latch needle . In: Knitting Technology: A Comprehensive Handbook and Practical Guide . CRC Press, Lancaster, Pa. 2001, ISBN 1-58716-121-4 , pp. 22-26 ( books.google.de ).
- ↑ Stephen Butt: Matthew Townsend 1817–1879 . In: The History of Leicester in 100 People . Amberley Publishing Limited, 2013, ISBN 978-1-4456-1698-8 ( books.google.de ).
- ↑ Amy Twigger Holroyd: Knitting innovations . In: Fashion Knitwear Design . The Crowood Press, 2019, ISBN 978-1-78500-570-1 ( books.google.de ).
- ^ Carl W. Hall: Lamb, Isaac Wixom . In: A Biographical Dictionary of People in Engineering: From the Earliest Records Until 2000 . Purdue University Press, 2008, ISBN 978-1-55753-459-0 , pp. 126 ( books.google.de ).
- ↑ Marcus O. Weber, Klaus-Peter Weber: Knitting and knitting: A guide for industry and trade . dfv Mediengruppe Fachbuch, 2016, ISBN 978-3-86641-504-1 ( books.google.de ).