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{{Short description|Mexican priest}}
{{Infobox saint
{{Infobox saint
|honorific_prefix=[[Saint]]
|name=José María de Robles Hurtado
|name=José María de Robles Hurtado
|image=File:San_jose_maria_robles_hurtado.jpg
⚫
|titles=Martyr; Madman of the Sacred Heart
|birth_date={{birth date|1888|5|3|mf=y}}
|birth_date={{birth date|1888|5|3|mf=y}}
⚫
|death_date={{death date and age|1927|6|26|1888|5|3|mf=y}}
⚫
|feast_day=May 21, June 26<ref name="KOC">[http://www.kofc.org/publications/columbia/detail.cfm?id=4323 ''St. José María Robles Hurtado'' by Pedro A. Moreno]</ref>
⚫
|venerated_in=Roman Catholic Church
|image=Robles-hurtado.jpg
|birth_place= [[Mascota]], [[Jalisco]], [[Mexico]]
|birth_place= [[Mascota]], [[Jalisco]], [[Mexico]]
⚫
|death_date={{death date and age|1927|6|26|1888|5|3|mf=y}}
|death_place= [[Quila, Jalisco]], [[Mexico]]
|death_place= [[Quila, Jalisco]], [[Mexico]]
⚫
|feast_day=May 21, June 26<ref name="KOC">[http://www.kofc.org/publications/columbia/detail.cfm?id=4323 ''St. José María Robles Hurtado'' by Pedro A. Moreno] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927003044/http://www.kofc.org/publications/columbia/detail.cfm?id=4323 |date=2007-09-27 }}</ref>
⚫
|titles=Martyr; Madman of the Sacred Heart
|beatified_date=November 22, 1992
|beatified_date=November 22, 1992
|beatified_place=
|beatified_place=
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|canonized_place=
|canonized_place=
|canonized_by=Pope John Paul II
|canonized_by=Pope John Paul II
⚫
|major_shrine=[[Tecolotlán]], [[Jalisco]]
|attributes=
|attributes=
|patronage=
|patronage=
⚫
|venerated_in=Roman Catholic Church
⚫
|major_shrine=[[Tecolotlán]], [[Jalisco]]
|prayer=
|prayer=
|prayer_attrib=
|prayer_attrib=
}}
}}
'''Saint José María Robles Hurtado''' (May 3, 1888–June 26, 1927) was a [[Mexican people|Mexican]] priest and one of several priests martyred during the [[Cristero War]].
'''José María Robles Hurtado''' (May 3, 1888 – June 26, 1927) was a [[Mexican people|Mexican]] priest and one of several priests martyred during the [[Cristero War]].


==Biography==
==Early life==
He was born to the devoutly Catholic family of Antonio Robles and Petronilla Hurtado in [[Mascota]], [[Jalisco]]. At age twelve, he entered the seminary at [[Guadalajara, Jalisco|Guadalajara]].<ref name="CF">[http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/saintj90.htm Patron Saints Index:Jose Maria Robles Hurtado]</ref> He was ordained to the priesthood at [[Guadalajara, Jalisco|Guadalajara]] in 1913, at the age of 25. A few years later, he founded the [[Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus]]. He wrote a number of works to propagate the Catholic faith, and also cathechized others in ways which were contrary to the laws of the country at the time. While serving as the pastor at a parish in [[Tecolotlán]], he began to promote greater devotion to the [[Sacred Heart of Jesus]] through his preaching, his personal example and his great devotion to the [[Eucharist]]. His fervency was so pronounced that he became known as the "Madman of the Sacred Heart". He was known to work tirelessly for the care of the sick in his parish, and often spent several hours hearing the [[Confession (religion)|confession]]s of his parishioners. He also worked for greater reverence to [[Our Lady of Guadalupe]].<ref name="KOC"/> He was a [[Knight of Columbus]] council 1979.<ref name="KOC"/>
He was born to the devoutly-Catholic family of Antonio Robles and Petronilla Hurtado in [[Mascota]], [[Jalisco]]. At 12, he entered the seminary at [[Guadalajara, Jalisco|Guadalajara]].<ref name="CF">[http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/saintj90.htm Patron Saints Index:Jose Maria Robles Hurtado] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025165418/https://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/saintj90.htm |date=2012-10-25}}</ref> He was ordained to the priesthood at Guadalajara in 1913, at 25. A few years later, he founded the [[Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus]]. He wrote a number of works to propagate the Catholic faith and also catechized others in ways contrary to the laws of the country. While serving as the pastor at a parish in [[Tecolotlán]], he began to promote greater devotion to the [[Sacred Heart of Jesus]] through his preaching, his personal example, and his great devotion to the [[Eucharist]]. His fervency was so pronounced that he became known as the "Madman of the Sacred Heart." He was known to work tirelessly for the care of the sick in his parish, and he often spent several hours hearing [[Confession (religion)|confession]]s of his parishioners. He also worked for greater reverence to [[Our Lady of Guadalupe]].<ref name="KOC"/> He was a [[Knight of Columbus]] council 1979.<ref name="KOC"/>


===Persecution===
==Persecution==
At the time, the [[Constitution of 1917]], which prohibited any public [[processions]] or other devotional practices, was the law. Hurtado proposed the creation of a huge [[cross]] to be placed in the geographic center of [[Mexico]], which he said would be symbolic of how Mexico recognized Christ as its king, and organized a public ceremony for the laying of the cornerstone of the cross, in direct violation of the existing constitution.<ref name="KOC"/>
The [[Constitution of 1917]] prohibited any public [[processions]] or other devotional practices. Hurtado proposed the creation of a huge [[cross]] to be placed in the geographic center of [[Mexico]], which he said would be symbolic of how Mexico recognized Christ as its king, and he organized a public ceremony for the laying of the cornerstone of the cross in direct violation of the existing constitution.<ref name="KOC"/>


In anticipation of the laying of the cornerstone, signs were placed throughout Mexico proclaiming [[Christ]] the "King of Mexico", and declaring the nation’s devotion to the Sacred Heart. In 1923, an estimated 40,000 Roman Catholics made their way to the site of the cross to take part in the groundbreaking ceremonies at the hill, which was at the time called "La Loma" and is today called the mountain of Christ the King. <!---where?---> After this open display of defiance, the government decided to intensify its persecution of Catholics in Mexico and to ensure that Robles in particular would not engage in such acts again.<ref name="KOC"/>
In anticipation of the laying of the cornerstone, signs were placed throughout Mexico proclaiming [[Christ]] the "King of Mexico" and declaring the nation's devotion to the Sacred Heart. In 1923, an estimated 40,000 Roman Catholics made their way to the site of the cross to take part in the groundbreaking ceremonies at the hill, which was at the time called "La Loma" and is now called the mountain of Christ the King. <!---where?---> After the open display of defiance, the government decided to intensify its persecution of Catholics in Mexico and to ensure that Robles, in particular, would not engage in such acts again.<ref name="KOC"/>


Despite the increasing persecution of Catholics in general and explicit invitations to him to leave Mexico personally, Robles remained and continued to minister to his congregation and offer what solace he could to the survivors and families of Catholics who had been persecuted and killed by the government. In time, he even went further, and promoted the idea of armed defense of Catholics who were suffering from the persecution.<ref name="KOC"/>
Despite the increasing persecution of Catholics in general and the explicit invitations to him to leave Mexico personally, Robles remained and continued to minister to his congregation and to offer what solace he could to the survivors and families of Catholics who had been persecuted and killed by the government. Eventually, he even went further, and promoted the idea of armed defense of Catholics who were suffering from the persecution.<ref name="KOC"/>


===Death===
==Death==
Robles Hurtado recognized the likelihood of his being killed for his actions, and wrote a poem in which he stated: "I want to love you until martyrdom".<ref name="KOC"/> He was arrested on 25 June 1927 for saying a prayer in the home of the Agraz family, who were hiding him at the time. He was found guilty and sentenced to be hanged from an oak tree. The next day, before [[dawn]], he was led to the tree. In a final display of compassion for his executioners, he offered them a small [[votive candle]] he had in his pocket to help light the path to the tree where he was to be hanged. Upon arriving there, he forgave the men for what they were about to do. He took the noose into his own hands, saying "Don't dirty your hands" to the man who brought it, kissed it, and placed it around his own neck.<ref name="KOC"/>
Robles Hurtado recognized the likelihood of being killed for his actions, and he wrote a poem in which he stated, "I want to love you until martyrdom."<ref name="KOC"/> He was arrested on June 25, 1927, for saying a prayer in the home of the Agraz family, which was hiding him. He was found guilty and sentenced to be hanged from an oak tree. The next day before [[dawn]], he was led to the tree. In a final display of compassion for his executioners, he offered them a small [[votive candle]] that he had in his pocket to help light the path to the tree on which he was to be hanged. Upon arriving there, he forgave the men for what they were about to do. He took the noose into his own hands and said "Don't dirty your hands" to the man who brought it, kissed it, and placed it around his own neck.<ref name="KOC"/>


==Veneration==
==Veneration==
He was beatified by [[Pope John Paul II]] on November 22, 1992,<ref name="CF"/> and canonized on May 21, 2000 by [[Pope John Paul II]], together with others involved in the Cristero War, including [[Cristobal Magallanes Jara]] and his 24 companions in martyrdom, and [[María de Jesús Sacramentado Venegas]],
He was beatified by [[Pope John Paul II]] on November 22, 1992<ref name="CF"/> and canonized on May 21, 2000, by Pope John Paul II, together with others involved in the Cristero War, including [[Cristobal Magallanes Jara]], his 24 companions in martyrdom, and [[María de Jesús Sacramentado Venegas]].<ref name="JP2">[https://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/homilies/documents/hf_jp-ii_hom_20000521_canonizations_en.html Homily of Pope John Paul II at the canonization]</ref>
to be canonized.<ref name="JP2">[http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/homilies/documents/hf_jp-ii_hom_20000521_canonizations_en.html Homily of Pope John Paul II at the canonization]</ref>


==Relics==
==Relics==
On February 27th, 2012, the [[Bishop]] of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Guadalajara]] granted to Bishop [[James S. Wall]] of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Gallup]], a first class relic for the altar in Bishop Wall's Chapel. <ref name="PM">Letter from Patrick T. Mason, State Advocate of the NM Council of the Knights of Columbus (April 12, 2012)</ref> This relic was received on April 12, 2012, and is especially dear to the Diocese of Gallup because their Patron is the [[Sacred Heart]]. <ref name="PM2">Id.</ref>
On February 27, 2012, the [[bishop]] of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Guadalajara]] granted to Bishop [[James S. Wall]] of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Gallup]], a first class relic for the altar in Bishop Wall's chapel.<ref name="PM">Letter from Patrick T. Mason, State Advocate of the NM Council of the Knights of Columbus (April 12, 2012)</ref> This relic was received on April 12, 2012, and is especially dear to the Diocese of Gallup because their patron is the Sacred Heart.<ref name="PM2">Id.</ref>


==References==
==References==
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{{Persecution of Christians}}
{{Persecution of Christians}}

{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
{{authority control}}
| NAME = Robles Hurtado, Jose Maria

| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Mexican saint
| DATE OF BIRTH = May 3, 1888
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Mascota]], [[Jalisco]], [[Mexico]]
| DATE OF DEATH = June 26, 1927
| PLACE OF DEATH = [[Quila, Jalisco]], [[Mexico]]
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Robles Hurtado, Jose Maria}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Robles Hurtado, Jose Maria}}
[[Category:1888 births]]
[[Category:1888 births]]
[[Category:1927 deaths]]
[[Category:1927 deaths]]
[[Category:Mexican Roman Catholic priests]]
[[Category:20th-century Mexican Roman Catholic priests]]
[[Category:Mexican saints]]
[[Category:Mexican Roman Catholic saints]]
[[Category:Mexican Roman Catholic saints]]
[[Category:People from Jalisco]]
[[Category:People from Jalisco]]
[[Category:Martyred Roman Catholic priests]]
[[Category:Martyred Roman Catholic priests]]
[[Category:Mexican people executed by hanging]]
[[Category:Executed Mexican people]]
[[Category:People executed by Mexico by hanging]]
[[Category:People executed by Mexico by hanging]]
[[Category:Victims of Anti-Catholic violence in Mexico]]
[[Category:Victims of anti-Catholic violence in Mexico]]
[[Category:Religious persecution]]
[[Category:20th-century Roman Catholic martyrs]]
[[Category:20th-century Roman Catholic martyrs]]
[[Category:20th-century Christian saints]]
[[Category:20th-century Christian saints]]
[[Category:Beatifications by Pope John Paul II]]

Revision as of 16:49, 16 June 2022

Saint

José María de Robles Hurtado
Martyr; Madman of the Sacred Heart
Born(1888-05-03)May 3, 1888
Mascota, Jalisco, Mexico
DiedJune 26, 1927(1927-06-26) (aged 39)
Quila, Jalisco, Mexico
Venerated inRoman Catholic Church
BeatifiedNovember 22, 1992 by Pope John Paul II
CanonizedMay 21, 2000 by Pope John Paul II
Major shrineTecolotlán, Jalisco
FeastMay 21, June 26[1]

José María Robles Hurtado (May 3, 1888 – June 26, 1927) was a Mexican priest and one of several priests martyred during the Cristero War.

Early life

He was born to the devoutly-Catholic family of Antonio Robles and Petronilla Hurtado in Mascota, Jalisco. At 12, he entered the seminary at Guadalajara.[2] He was ordained to the priesthood at Guadalajara in 1913, at 25. A few years later, he founded the Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus. He wrote a number of works to propagate the Catholic faith and also catechized others in ways contrary to the laws of the country. While serving as the pastor at a parish in Tecolotlán, he began to promote greater devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus through his preaching, his personal example, and his great devotion to the Eucharist. His fervency was so pronounced that he became known as the "Madman of the Sacred Heart." He was known to work tirelessly for the care of the sick in his parish, and he often spent several hours hearing confessions of his parishioners. He also worked for greater reverence to Our Lady of Guadalupe.[1] He was a Knight of Columbus council 1979.[1]

Persecution

The Constitution of 1917 prohibited any public processions or other devotional practices. Hurtado proposed the creation of a huge cross to be placed in the geographic center of Mexico, which he said would be symbolic of how Mexico recognized Christ as its king, and he organized a public ceremony for the laying of the cornerstone of the cross in direct violation of the existing constitution.[1]

In anticipation of the laying of the cornerstone, signs were placed throughout Mexico proclaiming Christ the "King of Mexico" and declaring the nation's devotion to the Sacred Heart. In 1923, an estimated 40,000 Roman Catholics made their way to the site of the cross to take part in the groundbreaking ceremonies at the hill, which was at the time called "La Loma" and is now called the mountain of Christ the King. After the open display of defiance, the government decided to intensify its persecution of Catholics in Mexico and to ensure that Robles, in particular, would not engage in such acts again.[1]

Despite the increasing persecution of Catholics in general and the explicit invitations to him to leave Mexico personally, Robles remained and continued to minister to his congregation and to offer what solace he could to the survivors and families of Catholics who had been persecuted and killed by the government. Eventually, he even went further, and promoted the idea of armed defense of Catholics who were suffering from the persecution.[1]

Death

Robles Hurtado recognized the likelihood of being killed for his actions, and he wrote a poem in which he stated, "I want to love you until martyrdom."[1] He was arrested on June 25, 1927, for saying a prayer in the home of the Agraz family, which was hiding him. He was found guilty and sentenced to be hanged from an oak tree. The next day before dawn, he was led to the tree. In a final display of compassion for his executioners, he offered them a small votive candle that he had in his pocket to help light the path to the tree on which he was to be hanged. Upon arriving there, he forgave the men for what they were about to do. He took the noose into his own hands and said "Don't dirty your hands" to the man who brought it, kissed it, and placed it around his own neck.[1]

Veneration

He was beatified by Pope John Paul II on November 22, 1992[2] and canonized on May 21, 2000, by Pope John Paul II, together with others involved in the Cristero War, including Cristobal Magallanes Jara, his 24 companions in martyrdom, and María de Jesús Sacramentado Venegas.[3]

Relics

On February 27, 2012, the bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Guadalajara granted to Bishop James S. Wall of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Gallup, a first class relic for the altar in Bishop Wall's chapel.[4] This relic was received on April 12, 2012, and is especially dear to the Diocese of Gallup because their patron is the Sacred Heart.[5]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h St. José María Robles Hurtado by Pedro A. Moreno Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ a b Patron Saints Index:Jose Maria Robles Hurtado Archived 2012-10-25 at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ Homily of Pope John Paul II at the canonization
  4. ^ Letter from Patrick T. Mason, State Advocate of the NM Council of the Knights of Columbus (April 12, 2012)
  5. ^ Id.
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