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{{Short description|Species of fish}}
{{Speciesbox
{{Speciesbox
| image = Cheilopogon melanurusPCCA20070623-3956B.jpg
| image = Cheilopogon melanurusPCCA20070623-3956B.jpg
| image_caption = In flight
| image_caption = In flight
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 20 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Collette, B. |author2=Singh-Renton, S. |author3=Robertson, R. |author4=Marechal, J. |author5=Aiken, K.A. |author6=Dooley, J. |author7=Oxenford, H. |author8=Pina Amargos, F. |author9=Kishore, R. |date=2015 |title=''Cheilopogon melanurus'' |volume=2015 |page=e.T190276A15603040 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T190276A15603040.en |access-date=20 November 2021}}</ref>
| taxon = Cheilopogon melanurus
| taxon = Cheilopogon melanurus
| authority = [[Achille Valenciennes|Valenciennes]], 1847
| authority = [[Achille Valenciennes|Valenciennes]], 1847
| synonyms =
| subdivision_ranks = Synonyms
⚫
* ''Cypselurus melanurus'' <small>Valenciennes, 1847</small>
| subdivision =
* '''''Cypselurus melanurus''''' <small>Valenciennes, 1847</small>
* ''Exocoetus lutkeni'' <small>[[David Starr Jordan|Jordan]] & [[Barton Warren Evermann|Evermann]], 1896</small>
*'''''Exocoetus lutkeni''''' <small>[[David Starr Jordan|Jordan]] & [[Barton Warren Evermann|Evermann]], 1896</small>
* ''Exocoetus melanurus'' <small>Valenciennes, 1847</small>
⚫
*'''''Exocoetus melanurus''''' <small>Valenciennes, 1847</small>
}}
}}


The '''Atlantic flyingfish''' (''Cheilopogon melanurus'') is a [[flying fish]] in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Exocoetidae]]. It was first described by the [[French people|French]] [[zoologist]], [[Achille Valenciennes]] in a 22-[[volume (bibliography)|volume]] work entitled ''Histoire naturelle des poissons'' (Natural History of Fish), which was a collaboration with fellow zoologist, [[Georges Cuvier]].
The '''Atlantic flyingfish''' (''Cheilopogon melanurus'') is a [[flying fish]] in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Exocoetidae]]. It was first described by the [[French people|French]] [[zoologist]], [[Achille Valenciennes]] in a 22-[[volume (bibliography)|volume]] work entitled ''[[Histoire naturelle des poissons]]'' (''Natural History of Fish''), which was a collaboration with fellow zoologist [[Georges Cuvier]].


==Description==
==Description==
[[File:Cheilopogon melanurusPCCA20070623-3954B.jpg|thumb|left|150px| When an Atlantic flyingfish flies, it can make a distinctive pattern in the water with the beating of its tail.]]
[[File:Cheilopogon melanurusPCCA20070623-3954B.jpg|thumb|left|150px| When an Atlantic flyingfish flies, it can make a distinctive pattern in the water through the beating of its tail.]]
Like many other flyingfishes, the Atlantic flyingfish has a [[cylinder (geometry)|cylindrical]] body, and large tail and pectoral fins that it uses for flight. To fly, the Atlantic flyingfish jumps out of the water, uses its pectoral fins to catch air currents and provide [[lift (force)|lift]], and beats its tail back and forth to provide [[thrust]].<ref name = animalexploration>{{cite web|title= Atlantic Flying Fish|url=http://animalexploration.tripod.com/flyingfish.html|publisher=animalexploration.tripod.com|accessdate=2009-06-21| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090520125056/http://animalexploration.tripod.com/flyingfish.html| archivedate= 20 May 2009 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> The longest recorded individual was 32&nbsp;cm long,<ref name = cervigon>Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez 1992 Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca. Guía de campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aquas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur América. FAO, Rome. 513 p. Preparado con el financiamento de la Comisión de Comunidades Europeas y de NORAD.</ref> but most adults are roughly 25&nbsp;cm long.<ref name = animalexploration /> Atlantic flyingfish are generally green to blue [[Anatomical terms of location#Dorsal and ventral|dorsally]], and white or silver [[Anatomical terms of location#Dorsal and ventral|ventrally]].<ref name = animalexploration /> After reaching a speed of 30&nbsp;km/h,<ref name="stokes"/>{{Rp|124}} Atlantic flyingfish can jump out of the water and glide about 3 to 12 m.<ref name="stokes"/>{{Rp|32}} This is presumably done to avoid ocean-going [[predation|predator]]s.<ref name = natgeo>{{cite web|title= Flyingfish|url=http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/printable/flying-fish.html|accessdate= 2009-06-30}}</ref>
Like many other flyingfishes, the Atlantic flyingfish has a [[cylinder (geometry)|cylindrical]] body and large tail and pectoral fins that it uses for flight. To fly, the Atlantic flyingfish jumps out of the water, uses its pectoral fins to catch air currents and provide [[lift (force)|lift]], and beats its tail back and forth to provide [[thrust]].<ref name = animalexploration>{{cite web|title= Atlantic Flying Fish|url=http://animalexploration.tripod.com/flyingfish.html|publisher=animalexploration.tripod.com|accessdate=2009-06-21| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090520125056/http://animalexploration.tripod.com/flyingfish.html| archivedate= 20 May 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref> The longest recorded individual was {{Convert|32|cm|4=1|abbr=on}} long,<ref name = cervigon>Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez 1992 Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca. Guía de campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aquas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur América. FAO, Rome. 513 p. Preparado con el financiamento de la Comisión de Comunidades Europeas y de NORAD.</ref> but most adults are roughly {{Convert|25|cm|4=0|abbr=on}} long.<ref name = animalexploration /> Atlantic flyingfish are generally green to blue [[Anatomical terms of location#Dorsal and ventral|dorsally]], and white or silver [[Anatomical terms of location#Dorsal and ventral|ventrally]].<ref name = animalexploration /> After reaching a speed of {{Convert|30|km/h|abbr=on}},<ref name="stokes"/>{{Rp|124}} Atlantic flyingfish can jump out of the water and glide about {{Convert|3|to|12|m|abbr=on|-1}}.<ref name="stokes"/>{{Rp|32}} This is presumably done to avoid ocean-going [[predation|predator]]s.<ref name = natgeo>{{cite web|title= Flyingfish|url=http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/printable/flying-fish.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017191701/http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/printable/flying-fish.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 17, 2007|accessdate= 2009-06-30}}</ref>


==Distribution and habitat==
==Distribution and habitat==
As its name suggests, the Atlantic flyingfish is only found in the [[pelagic zone]] to the [[neritic zone]]<ref name = "Fishbase">{{FishBase species|genus=Cheilopogon|species= melanurus|year=2009|month=05}}</ref> in [[Atlantic ocean|the ocean it is named for]]. In the western Atlantic, they are known to live in [[Gulf Stream]] waters from [[Massachusetts]] south to [[Brazil]].<ref name = "Fishbase" /> They are found in the [[Caribbean Sea]] and around the [[Antilles]],<ref name = smith>Smith, C.L. 1997 National Audubon Society field guide to tropical marine fishes of the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 720 p.</ref> while in the north, they are found off the coast of [[Canada]].<ref
As its name suggests, the Atlantic flyingfish is only found in the [[pelagic zone]] to the [[neritic zone]]<ref name = "Fishbase">{{FishBase|genus=Cheilopogon|species= melanurus|year=2009|month=05}}</ref> in the [[Atlantic Ocean]]. In the western Atlantic, they are known to live in [[Gulf Stream]] waters from [[Massachusetts]] south to [[Brazil]].<ref name = "Fishbase" /> They are found in the [[Caribbean Sea]] and around the [[Antilles]],<ref name = smith>Smith, C.L. 1997 National Audubon Society field guide to tropical marine fishes of the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 720 p.</ref> while in the north, they are found off the coast of [[Canada]].<ref
name = scott>Scott, W.B. and M.G. Scott 1988 Atlantic fishes of Canada. Can. Bull. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 219: 731 p</ref> Off [[Africa]], Atlantic flyingfish are known from [[Senegal]] to [[Liberia]],<ref name = parin>Parin, N.V. and R.H. Gibbs, Jr. 1990 Exocoetidae. p. 583-591. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2.</ref> and have been reported from [[São Tomé and Príncipe]].<ref name = afonso>Afonso, P., F.M. Porteiro, R.S. Santos, J.P. Barreiros, J. Worms and P. Wirtz 1999 Coastal marine fishes of São Tomé Island (Gulf of Guinea). Arquipélago 17(A):65-92.</ref> They are found in surface waters near shore,<ref name="cervigon"/> where Atlantic flyingfish are preyed upon by several species of larger fishes and [[seabirds]], such as the [[Wahoo]]<ref name = manooch>Manooch, C.S. III and W.T. Hogarth 1983 Stomach contents and giant trematodes from wahoo, Acanthocybium solanderi, collected along the south Atlantic and coasts of the United States. Bull. Mar. Sci. 33(2):227-238.</ref> and [[Sooty tern]].<ref name = hensley>Hensley, V.I. and D. A. Hensley 1995 Fishes eaten by sooty terns and brown noddies in the Dry Tortugas, Florida. Bull. Mar. Sci. 56(3):813-821.</ref> Young Atlantic flyingfish up to {{convert|15|cm|in}} in length have transparent pectorals and often swim in harbors or bays.<ref name="stokes">{{cite book|last=Stokes|first=F. Joseph|title=Divers and Snorkelers Guide to the Fishes and Sea Life|accessdate=2009-06-22|origyear=1984|year=1994|publisher=The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia|location=Singapore|isbn=0-910006-46-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=-KWf5_WHSJQC&oi=fnd}}</ref>{{Rp|124}}
name = scott>Scott, W.B. and M.G. Scott 1988 Atlantic fishes of Canada. Can. Bull. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 219: 731 p</ref> Off [[Africa]], Atlantic flyingfish are known from [[Senegal]] to [[Liberia]],<ref name = parin>Parin, N.V. and R.H. Gibbs, Jr. 1990 Exocoetidae. p. 583-591. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2.</ref> and have been reported from [[São Tomé and Príncipe]].<ref name = afonso>Afonso, P., F.M. Porteiro, R.S. Santos, J.P. Barreiros, J. Worms and P. Wirtz 1999 Coastal marine fishes of São Tomé Island (Gulf of Guinea). Arquipélago 17(A):65-92.</ref> They are found in surface waters near shore,<ref name="cervigon"/> where Atlantic flyingfish are preyed upon by several species of larger fishes and [[seabirds]], such as the [[Wahoo]]<ref name = manooch>Manooch, C.S. III and W.T. Hogarth 1983 Stomach contents and giant trematodes from wahoo, Acanthocybium solanderi, collected along the south Atlantic and coasts of the United States. Bull. Mar. Sci. 33(2):227-238.</ref> and [[Sooty tern]].<ref name = hensley>Hensley, V.I. and D. A. Hensley 1995 Fishes eaten by sooty terns and brown noddies in the Dry Tortugas, Florida. Bull. Mar. Sci. 56(3):813-821.</ref> Young Atlantic flyingfish up to {{convert|15|cm|in}} in length have transparent pectorals and often swim in harbors or bays.<ref name="stokes">{{cite book|last=Stokes|first=F. Joseph|title=Divers and Snorkelers Guide to the Fishes and Sea Life|accessdate=2009-06-22|orig-year=1984|year=1994|publisher=The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia|location=Singapore|isbn=0-910006-46-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-KWf5_WHSJQC}}</ref>{{Rp|124}}


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:Cheilopogon melanurus (beached).jpg| Beached Atlantic Flying fish in [[Fort Pierce, Florida]].
File:Cheilopogon melanurus (beached).jpg| Beached Atlantic flyingfish in [[Fort Pierce, Florida]]
Cheilopogon melanurus eaten by Callinectes sapidus.jpg| Beached flying fish being eaten by [[Atlantic blue crab]]s (also in Fort Pierce).
Cheilopogon melanurus eaten by Callinectes sapidus.jpg| Beached flying fish being eaten by [[Atlantic blue crab]]s (Fort Pierce)
</gallery>
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}


==External links==
==External links==
Line 34: Line 37:
*[http://www.fishbase.org/summary/speciessummary.php?id=1030 Fishbase.org]
*[http://www.fishbase.org/summary/speciessummary.php?id=1030 Fishbase.org]
*[http://www.discoverlife.org/20/q?search=Cheilopogon+melanurus Discoverlife.org]
*[http://www.discoverlife.org/20/q?search=Cheilopogon+melanurus Discoverlife.org]
*[http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=616682 ITIS.gov]
*[https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=616682 ITIS.gov]
*[http://animalexploration.tripod.com/flyingfish.html Animalexploration.tripod.org]
*[http://animalexploration.tripod.com/flyingfish.html Animalexploration.tripod.org]

{{Taxonbar|from=Q3510700}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Atlantic Flyingfish}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Atlantic Flyingfish}}
[[Category:Exocoetidae]]
[[Category:Cheilopogon|Atlantic flyingfish]]
[[Category:Animals described in 1847]]
[[Category:Fish described in 1847]]
[[Category:Fish of Aruba]]

Latest revision as of 02:00, 24 November 2023

Atlantic flyingfish
In flight
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Beloniformes
Family: Exocoetidae
Genus: Cheilopogon
Species:
C. melanurus
Binomial name
Cheilopogon melanurus
Synonyms
  • Cypselurus melanurus Valenciennes, 1847
  • Exocoetus lutkeni Jordan & Evermann, 1896
  • Exocoetus melanurus Valenciennes, 1847

The Atlantic flyingfish (Cheilopogon melanurus) is a flying fish in the family Exocoetidae. It was first described by the French zoologist, Achille Valenciennes in a 22-volume work entitled Histoire naturelle des poissons (Natural History of Fish), which was a collaboration with fellow zoologist Georges Cuvier.

Description[edit]

When an Atlantic flyingfish flies, it can make a distinctive pattern in the water through the beating of its tail.

Like many other flyingfishes, the Atlantic flyingfish has a cylindrical body and large tail and pectoral fins that it uses for flight. To fly, the Atlantic flyingfish jumps out of the water, uses its pectoral fins to catch air currents and provide lift, and beats its tail back and forth to provide thrust.[2] The longest recorded individual was 32 cm (12.6 in) long,[3] but most adults are roughly 25 cm (10 in) long.[2] Atlantic flyingfish are generally green to blue dorsally, and white or silver ventrally.[2] After reaching a speed of 30 km/h (19 mph),[4]: 124  Atlantic flyingfish can jump out of the water and glide about 3 to 12 m (10 to 40 ft).[4]: 32  This is presumably done to avoid ocean-going predators.[5]

Distribution and habitat[edit]

As its name suggests, the Atlantic flyingfish is only found in the pelagic zone to the neritic zone[6] in the Atlantic Ocean. In the western Atlantic, they are known to live in Gulf Stream waters from Massachusetts south to Brazil.[6] They are found in the Caribbean Sea and around the Antilles,[7] while in the north, they are found off the coast of Canada.[8] Off Africa, Atlantic flyingfish are known from Senegal to Liberia,[9] and have been reported from São Tomé and Príncipe.[10] They are found in surface waters near shore,[3] where Atlantic flyingfish are preyed upon by several species of larger fishes and seabirds, such as the Wahoo[11] and Sooty tern.[12] Young Atlantic flyingfish up to 15 centimetres (5.9 in) in length have transparent pectorals and often swim in harbors or bays.[4]: 124 

Gallery[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Collette, B.; Singh-Renton, S.; Robertson, R.; Marechal, J.; Aiken, K.A.; Dooley, J.; Oxenford, H.; Pina Amargos, F.; Kishore, R. (2015). "Cheilopogon melanurus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T190276A15603040. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T190276A15603040.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c "Atlantic Flying Fish". animalexploration.tripod.com. Archived from the original on 20 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-06-21.
  3. ^ a b Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez 1992 Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca. Guía de campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aquas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur América. FAO, Rome. 513 p. Preparado con el financiamento de la Comisión de Comunidades Europeas y de NORAD.
  4. ^ a b c Stokes, F. Joseph (1994) [1984]. Divers and Snorkelers Guide to the Fishes and Sea Life. Singapore: The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. ISBN 0-910006-46-6. Retrieved 2009-06-22.
  5. ^ "Flyingfish". Archived from the original on October 17, 2007. Retrieved 2009-06-30.
  6. ^ a b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2009). "Cheilopogon melanurus" in FishBase. 05 2009 version.
  7. ^ Smith, C.L. 1997 National Audubon Society field guide to tropical marine fishes of the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 720 p.
  8. ^ Scott, W.B. and M.G. Scott 1988 Atlantic fishes of Canada. Can. Bull. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 219: 731 p
  9. ^ Parin, N.V. and R.H. Gibbs, Jr. 1990 Exocoetidae. p. 583-591. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2.
  10. ^ Afonso, P., F.M. Porteiro, R.S. Santos, J.P. Barreiros, J. Worms and P. Wirtz 1999 Coastal marine fishes of São Tomé Island (Gulf of Guinea). Arquipélago 17(A):65-92.
  11. ^ Manooch, C.S. III and W.T. Hogarth 1983 Stomach contents and giant trematodes from wahoo, Acanthocybium solanderi, collected along the south Atlantic and coasts of the United States. Bull. Mar. Sci. 33(2):227-238.
  12. ^ Hensley, V.I. and D. A. Hensley 1995 Fishes eaten by sooty terns and brown noddies in the Dry Tortugas, Florida. Bull. Mar. Sci. 56(3):813-821.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cheilopogon melanurus.
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