Talparia talpa: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Species of gastropod}}
{{italictitle}}
{{Speciesbox
{{Taxobox
| name = ''Talparia talpa''
| image = Cypraea talpa (alive).jpg
| image_caption = A live ''Talparia talpa'' ''in situ'' with its mantle almost fully extended, anterior end towards the right
| image =
⚫
| image2 = Talparia talpa 01.JPG
| image_caption =
| image2_caption = Five views of a [[gastropod shell|shell]] of ''Talaria talpa''
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Mollusca]]
| genus = Talparia
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| species = talpa
| classis = [[Gastropoda]]
| authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]])
| unranked_familia = clade [[Caenogastropoda]]<br />clade [[Littorinimorpha]]
⚫
| synonyms_ref = <ref name="WoRMS" />
| superfamilia = [[Cypraeoidea]]
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| synonyms =
| familia = [[Cypraeidae]]
* ''Cypraea talpa'' <small>[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]]</small>([[basionym]])
| subfamilia =
* ''Cypraea talpa imperialis'' <small>(Schilder & Schilder, 1938)</small>
| genus = ''[[Talparia]]''
* ''Cypraea talpa var. saturata'' <small>Duatzenberg, 1903</small>
| subgenus =
* ''Talparia talpa imperialis'' <small>(Schilder & Schilder, 1938)</small>
⚫
| species = '''''T. talpa'''''
* ''Talparia talpa var. lewallorum'' <small>Lorenz, 2015</small> (unavailable name: infrasubspecific rank)
⚫
| binomial = ''Talparia talpa''
| range_map = Wyst-talpa.jpg
| binomial_authority = (Linnaeus)
| range_map_caption = Distribution map of ''Talparia talpa''
⚫
| synonyms_ref =
⚫
| synonyms =
}}
}}


'''''Talparia talpa''''' is a [[species]] of [[sea snail]], a marine [[gastropod]] [[mollusk]] in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Cypraeidae]], the cowries.<ref name="WoRMS">{{WRMS species|216894|''Talparia talpa'' (Linnaeus)|||WoRMS (2009). Talparia talpa (Linnaeus). Accessed through the [[World Register of Marine Species]] at <nowiki>http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=216894</nowiki> on 5 June 2010}}</ref>
'''''Talparia talpa''''', [[common name]] the '''mole cowry''' or '''chocolate banded cowry''', is a [[species]] of [[sea snail]], a [[cowry]], a marine [[gastropod]] [[mollusk]] in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Cypraeidae]], the cowries.<ref name="WoRMS">{{WRMS species|216894|''Talparia talpa'' (Linnaeus)|||WoRMS (2009). Talparia talpa (Linnaeus). Accessed through the [[World Register of Marine Species]] at <nowiki>http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=216894</nowiki> on 23 October 2010}}</ref>

==Subspecies==
* ''Talparia talpa lutani'' <small>Bridges, 2015</small>
* ''Talparia talpa talpa'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small>
;Synonyms:
* ''Talparia talpa imperialis'' Schilder, F.A. & M. Schilder, 1938:<ref>[http://www.gastropods.com/7/Shell_11987.shtml Gastropods.com : ''Talparia talpa imperialis'']; accessed : 23 october 2010</ref> synonym of ''Talparia talpa'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small>
* ''Talparia talpa var. lewallorum'' <small>Lorenz, 2015</small>: synonym of ''Talparia talpa'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> (unavailable name: infrasubspecific rank)
* ''Talparia talpa saturata'' (Dautzenberg, Ph., 1903):<ref>{{Gastropods.com|key=1|id=10401|title=''Talparia talpa saturata''|access-date=23 October 2010}}</ref> synonym of ''Talparia talpa'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small>


==Description==
==Description==
The shells of these quite uncommon cowries reach on average {{convert|50|-|70|mm}} of length, with a minimum size of {{convert|23|mm}} and a maximum size of {{convert|105|mm}}. They are very variable in pattern and colour. The dorsum surface is smooth and shiny, the basic color is brown or yellowish brown, with three or four yellow or light brown transversal bands. The margins, the base and the teeth are completely dark brown or black. Also the teeth are dark brown, but the teeth spacing is clearer or white. In the living cowries the mantle is greyish or black, with long cylindrical papillae. Mantle and foot are well developed, with external antennae. The lateral flaps of the mantle may hide completely the shell surface and may be quickly retracted into the shell.
{{Expand section|date=May 2010}}
{|
||[[File:Cypraeidae - Talparia talpa.JPG|thumb|220px|left|Two [[gastropod shell|shells]] of ''Talparia talpa'', dorsal and apertural view]]
||[[File:Cypraea-talpa.jpg|thumb|120px|left|A [[gastropod shell|shell]] of ''Talparia talpa'', anterior end towards the bottom]]
|}


==Distribution==
==Distribution==
This species occurs in the [[Red Sea]] and in the [[Indian Ocean]] along [[East Africa]] ([[Aldabra]], [[Chagos]], the [[Comores]], [[Eritrea]], [[Kenya]], [[Madagascar]], the [[Mascarene]] Basin, [[Mauritius]], [[Mozambique]], [[Réunion]], the [[Seychelles]], [[Somalia]] and [[Tanzania]]), in the western [[Pacific]] (western [[Australia]], [[Philippines]]), in [[Polynesia]] and [[Hawaii]].
{{Expand section|date=May 2010}}

Fossils of this species have been found in [[Pliocene]] or [[Pleistocene]] strata on [[Guam]].

==Habitat==
These cowries live on [[coral reef]] or in shallow [[lagoon]]s in tropical intertidal and subtidal waters up to 30 m depth. They can be found under ledges and in small coral caves at night, as they start feeding at dusk.


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
* Verdcourt, B. (1954). ''The cowries of the East African Coast (Kenya, Tanganyika, Zanzibar and Pemba).'' Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society 22(4) 96: 129-144, 17 pls.
* Burgess, C.M. (1970). ''The Living Cowries''. AS Barnes and Co, Ltd. Cranbury, New Jersey
* Lorenz F. (2015). A dwarf variation of Talparia talpa. Beautifulcowries Magazine. 7: 31-32
* Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. China Science Press. 1267 pp.
* Steyn, D. G.; Lussi, M. (2005). Offshore Shells of Southern Africa: A pictorial guide to more than 750 Gastropods. Published by the authors. pp. i–vi, 1–289.


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*
* [https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id24528/ Biolib]
* [http://www.gastropods.com/3/Shell_93.shtml Gastropods.com : Talpa talpa : photos]; accessed : 23 October 2010
* [http://www.underwaterkwaj.com/cowry/Talparia-talpa.htm Talparia talpa]
* [https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886 Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata]
* [https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/pp533 Ladd, H.S. (1977). Cenozoic fossil mollusks from western Pacific islands; Gastropods (Eratoidae through Harpidae). U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper. 533: i–iv, 1–84, pls 1–23] {{PD-notice}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q3088903}}
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[[Category:Cypraeidae]]


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[[Category:Cypraeidae]]

[[Category:Gastropods described in 1758]]
{{Cypraeidae-stub}}
[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]

Latest revision as of 17:06, 18 January 2024

Talparia talpa
A live Talparia talpa in situ with its mantle almost fully extended, anterior end towards the right
Five views of a shell of Talaria talpa
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Family: Cypraeidae
Genus: Talparia
Species:
T. talpa
Binomial name
Talparia talpa
Distribution map of Talparia talpa
Synonyms[1]
  • Cypraea talpa Linnaeus, 1758(basionym)
  • Cypraea talpa imperialis (Schilder & Schilder, 1938)
  • Cypraea talpa var. saturata Duatzenberg, 1903
  • Talparia talpa imperialis (Schilder & Schilder, 1938)
  • Talparia talpa var. lewallorum Lorenz, 2015 (unavailable name: infrasubspecific rank)

Talparia talpa, common name the mole cowry or chocolate banded cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.[1]

Subspecies[edit]

  • Talparia talpa lutani Bridges, 2015
  • Talparia talpa talpa (Linnaeus, 1758)
Synonyms
  • Talparia talpa imperialis Schilder, F.A. & M. Schilder, 1938:[2] synonym of Talparia talpa (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Talparia talpa var. lewallorum Lorenz, 2015: synonym of Talparia talpa (Linnaeus, 1758) (unavailable name: infrasubspecific rank)
  • Talparia talpa saturata (Dautzenberg, Ph., 1903):[3] synonym of Talparia talpa (Linnaeus, 1758)

Description[edit]

The shells of these quite uncommon cowries reach on average 50–70 millimetres (2.0–2.8 in) of length, with a minimum size of 23 millimetres (0.91 in) and a maximum size of 105 millimetres (4.1 in). They are very variable in pattern and colour. The dorsum surface is smooth and shiny, the basic color is brown or yellowish brown, with three or four yellow or light brown transversal bands. The margins, the base and the teeth are completely dark brown or black. Also the teeth are dark brown, but the teeth spacing is clearer or white. In the living cowries the mantle is greyish or black, with long cylindrical papillae. Mantle and foot are well developed, with external antennae. The lateral flaps of the mantle may hide completely the shell surface and may be quickly retracted into the shell.

Two shells of Talparia talpa, dorsal and apertural view
A shell of Talparia talpa, anterior end towards the bottom

Distribution[edit]

This species occurs in the Red Sea and in the Indian Ocean along East Africa (Aldabra, Chagos, the Comores, Eritrea, Kenya, Madagascar, the Mascarene Basin, Mauritius, Mozambique, Réunion, the Seychelles, Somalia and Tanzania), in the western Pacific (western Australia, Philippines), in Polynesia and Hawaii.

Fossils of this species have been found in Pliocene or Pleistocene strata on Guam.

Habitat[edit]

These cowries live on coral reef or in shallow lagoons in tropical intertidal and subtidal waters up to 30 m depth. They can be found under ledges and in small coral caves at night, as they start feeding at dusk.

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Talparia talpa (Linnaeus). WoRMS (2009). Talparia talpa (Linnaeus). Accessed through the World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=216894 on 23 October 2010 .
  2. ^ Gastropods.com : Talparia talpa imperialis; accessed : 23 october 2010
  3. ^ "Talparia talpa saturata". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 23 October 2010.
  • Verdcourt, B. (1954). The cowries of the East African Coast (Kenya, Tanganyika, Zanzibar and Pemba). Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society 22(4) 96: 129-144, 17 pls.
  • Burgess, C.M. (1970). The Living Cowries. AS Barnes and Co, Ltd. Cranbury, New Jersey
  • Lorenz F. (2015). A dwarf variation of Talparia talpa. Beautifulcowries Magazine. 7: 31-32
  • Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. China Science Press. 1267 pp.
  • Steyn, D. G.; Lussi, M. (2005). Offshore Shells of Southern Africa: A pictorial guide to more than 750 Gastropods. Published by the authors. pp. i–vi, 1–289.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Talparia talpa.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talparia_talpa&oldid=1196832624"