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<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
|name= H-25/HUP Retriever
|name= H-25/HUP Retriever
|image= File:HUP-2 from USS FD Roosevelt (CVA-42) in flight 1959.jpg
|image= File:HUP-2 from USS FD Roosevelt (CVA-42) in flight 1959.jpg
|caption= A U.S. Navy HUP-2 from {{USS|Franklin D. Roosevelt|CV-42|6}}
|caption= A U.S. Navy HUP-2 from {{USS|Franklin D. Roosevelt|CV-42|6}}
Line 10: Line 10:
|first flight= March 1948
|first flight= March 1948
|introduced= February 1949<ref name=SB1911>Swanborough and Bowers 1976, p.461.</ref>
|introduced= February 1949<ref name=SB1911>Swanborough and Bowers 1976, p.461.</ref>
|retired= 1958 US Army<br/>January 1964 RCN<br/>1964 USN<br/>1965 French Navy
|retired= 1958 US Army<br />January 1964 RCN<br />1964 USN<br />1965 French Navy
|status=
|status=
|primary user= [[United States Navy]]
|primary user= [[United States Navy]]
|more users= [[United States Army]] <br> [[Royal Canadian Navy]] <br> [[French Navy]]
|more users= [[United States Army]] <br /> [[Royal Canadian Navy]] <br /> [[French Navy]]
|produced=1949–1954<ref name=Boeing_HUP/>
|produced=1949–1954<ref name=Boeing_HUP/>
|number built= 339<ref name=Boeing_HUP/>{{Disputed inline|Number built|date=November 2018}}
|number built= 339<ref name=Boeing_HUP/>{{Disputed inline|Number built|date=November 2018}}
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}}
}}
|}
|}
The '''Piasecki HUP Retriever/H-25 Army Mule''' was a compact single [[radial engine]], twin overlapping [[Tandem rotors|tandem rotor]] utility [[helicopter]] developed by the [[Piasecki Helicopter|Piasecki Helicopter Corporation]] of [[Morton, Pennsylvania]]. Designed to a [[United States Navy]] specification, the helicopter was produced from 1949 to 1954, and was also used by the [[United States Army]] and foreign navies. The HUP/H-25 was the first helicopter to perform a [[Aerobatic maneuver#loop|loop]] and to be produced with an [[autopilot]].
The '''Piasecki HUP Retriever/H-25 Army Mule''' is a compact single [[radial engine]], twin overlapping [[Tandem rotors|tandem rotor]] utility [[helicopter]] developed by the [[Piasecki Helicopter|Piasecki Helicopter Corporation]] of [[Morton, Pennsylvania]]. Designed to a [[United States Navy]] specification, the helicopter was produced from 1949 to 1954, and was also used by the [[United States Army]] and foreign navies. The HUP/H-25 was the first helicopter to be produced with an [[autopilot]] and also the first to perform a [[Aerobatic maneuver#loop|loop]].


==Design and development==
==Design and development==
The design was a product of a competition by the U.S. Navy in 1945 for a compact utility/rescue helicopter to operate from ships including aircraft carriers, battleships, and cruisers.<ref name=Boeing_HUP/> Either 2<ref name=SB1911/><ref name=Baugher_4>{{cite web |url=http://www.joebaugher.com/navy_serials/thirdseries4.html |title=US Navy and US Marine Corps BuNos, Third Series ((30147 to 39998)) |last=Baugher |first=Joe |date=24 August 2018 |website=joebaugher.com |access-date=1 November 2018}}</ref> or 3<ref name=archives/><ref name=Watkins>http://1000aircraftphotos.com/Contributions/WatkinsRay/8891.htm accessdate:26 January 2014</ref>{{Disputed inline|Number built|date=November 2018}} prototypes—designated '''PV-14''' by the factory and '''XHJP-1''' by the Navy—were built and subjected to a side-by-side flight evaluation against the 3 prototypes of the [[Sikorsky XHJS-1]]; however, the XHJS was fundamentally a scaled-up version of the [[Sikorsky H-5]], and the increased weight and size magnified the design's problems with maintaining [[Center of gravity of an aircraft#Incorrect weight and balance in helicopters|proper weight and balance]] under varying loading conditions.<ref name=archives>{{cite web|title=S-53 (U.S.Navy (XHJS-1) |last1= Devine |first1= Vinny |url=https://www.sikorskyarchives.com/S-53%20(U.S.Navy%20(%20XHJS-1).php |date=10 April 2013 |website= Sikorsky Product History |publisher= Igor Sikorsky Historical Archives |access-date=1 November 2018}}</ref> The Piasecki won the competition,<ref name=archives/> and with the introduction of the aircraft configuration letter "U" for Utility in the 1950s,<ref>Swanborough and Bowers 1976, pp.8–9.</ref> the aircraft was ordered for production as the '''HUP-1'''.<ref name=SB1911/>
The design was a product of a competition by the U.S. Navy in 1945 for a compact utility/rescue helicopter to operate from ships including aircraft carriers, battleships, and cruisers.<ref name=Boeing_HUP/> Either 2<ref name=SB1911/> or 3<ref name=archives/><ref name=Watkins>{{cite web |url=http://1000aircraftphotos.com/Contributions/WatkinsRay/8891.htm |title= Piasecki PV-14 XHJP-1 US Navy|website=1000aircraftphotos.com |access-date=26 January 2014}}</ref>{{Disputed inline|Number built|date=November 2018}} prototypes—designated '''PV-14''' by the factory and '''XHJP-1''' by the Navy—were built and subjected to a side-by-side flight evaluation against the 3 prototypes of the [[Sikorsky XHJS-1]]; however, the XHJS was fundamentally a scaled-up version of the [[Sikorsky H-5]], and the increased weight and size magnified the design's problems with maintaining [[Center of gravity of an aircraft#Incorrect weight and balance in helicopters|proper weight and balance]] under varying loading conditions.<ref name=archives>{{cite web|title=S-53 (U.S.Navy (XHJS-1) |last1= Devine |first1= Vinny |url=https://www.sikorskyarchives.com/S-53%20(U.S.Navy%20(%20XHJS-1).php |date=10 April 2013 |website= Sikorsky Product History |publisher= Igor Sikorsky Historical Archives |access-date=1 November 2018}}</ref> The Piasecki won the competition,<ref name=archives/> and with the introduction of the aircraft configuration letter "U" for Utility in the 1950s,<ref>Swanborough and Bowers 1976, pp.8–9.</ref> the aircraft was ordered for production as the '''HUP-1'''.<ref name=SB1911/>


The design featured two three-bladed, {{convert|35|ft|m|adj=mid|-diameter}} rotors in tandem in which blades could be folded for storage; the relatively small rotor diameter allowed the aircraft to use aircraft carrier elevators with its blades fully extended.<ref name=Boeing_HUP/> The tandem overlapping rotor configuration was a development by Piasecki and was used in future helicopter designs by the company and successors including the [[Piasecki H-21|H-21]], [[Boeing Vertol CH-46 Sea Knight|HRB-1/CH-46]], and [[CH-47]]. The original HUP-1 was powered by a single [[Wright R-975 Whirlwind#Production by Continental Motors|Continental R-975-34]] radial engine, with a take-off rating of {{convert|525|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}, while later versions used the uprated R-975-42 or R-975-46A with {{convert|550|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name=SB1911/> To aid [[search and rescue]] (SAR) operations, the aircraft was equipped with an overhead winch capable of lifting 400&nbsp;lb (181&nbsp;kg), which could lower a rescue sling through an electrically-operated door available after the copilot's seat was folded forward.<ref name=Boeing_HUP>{{cite web |url=https://www.boeing.com/history/products/hup-h-25-army-mule.page |title=HUP-1 Retriever/H-25 Army Mule Helicopter |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=boeing.com |publisher=[[Boeing]] |access-date=1 November 2018}}</ref>
The design featured two three-bladed, {{convert|35|ft|m|adj=mid|-diameter}} rotors in tandem in which blades could be folded for storage; the relatively small rotor diameter allowed the aircraft to use aircraft carrier elevators with its blades fully extended.<ref name=Boeing_HUP/> The tandem overlapping rotor configuration was a development by Piasecki and was used in future helicopter designs by the company and successors including the [[Piasecki H-21|H-21]], [[Boeing Vertol CH-46 Sea Knight|HRB-1/CH-46]], and [[CH-47]]. The original HUP-1 was powered by a single [[Wright R-975 Whirlwind#Production by Continental Motors|Continental R-975-34]] radial engine, with a take-off rating of {{convert|525|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}, while later versions used the uprated R-975-42 or R-975-46A with {{convert|550|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name=SB1911/> To aid [[search and rescue]] (SAR) operations, the aircraft was equipped with an overhead winch capable of lifting 400&nbsp;lb (181&nbsp;kg), which could lower a [[rescue sling]] through an electrically-operated door available after the copilot's seat was folded forward.<ref name=Boeing_HUP>{{cite web |url=https://www.boeing.com/history/products/hup-h-25-army-mule.page |title=HUP-1 Retriever/H-25 Army Mule Helicopter |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=boeing.com |publisher=[[Boeing]] |access-date=1 November 2018}}</ref>


During a flight demonstration of its capability to withstand high [[g-force]], the type became the first helicopter to perform a [[Aerobatic maneuver#loop|loop]], albeit unintentionally.<ref name=Boeing_HUP/>
During a flight demonstration of its capability to withstand high [[g-force]], the type became the first helicopter to perform a [[Aerobatic maneuver#loop|loop]], albeit unintentionally.<ref name=Boeing_HUP/>
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==Operational history==
==Operational history==
[[File:Piasecki H-25A 116616 Fort Rucker AL 14.12.02R edited-2.jpg|thumb|left|H-25A Army Mule preserved in the US Army Aviation Museum, Alabama]]
[[File:Piasecki H-25A 116616 Fort Rucker AL 14.12.02R edited-2.jpg|thumb|left|H-25A Army Mule preserved in the US Army Aviation Museum, Alabama]]
The aircraft first entered service in February 1949 with the delivery of the first of 32 HUP-1 aircraft to the US Navy.<ref name=SB1911/> The improved '''HUP-2''' (Piasecki designation '''PV-18''') was soon introduced with a more powerful engine, deletion of the inward-canted horizontal stabilizer endplate fins, and various minor changes in equipment; a sub-variant equipped with dunking [[sonar]] for [[anti-submarine warfare]] was given the designation '''HUP-2S'''.<ref name=SB1911/><ref name=Boeing_HUP/> The HUP-2 was the first production helicopter equipped with an [[autopilot]].<ref name=Boeing_HUP/> The US Navy also tested a [[radio navigation]] system called ''Raydist'' that allowed an unmanned HUP-2 to be directed from a ground station and by radio ordered to hover within five feet of the desired point.<ref>{{cite magazine|magazine=Popular Mechanics|author=Hearst Magazines|title=Radio Waves Hold Helicopter In Fixed Hovering Position|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oN0DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA122|date=May 1954|publisher=Hearst Magazines|page=122}}</ref> [[Edo Aircraft Corporation|Edo]] tested a HUP-2 with a fiberglass hull and outrigger floats for amphibious operations.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Picture News: Watertight hull makes helicopter amphibious|magazine=[[Popular Science]]|date=February 1958|volume=172|issue=2|page=149}}</ref>
The aircraft first entered service in February 1949 with the delivery of the first of 32 HUP-1 aircraft to the US Navy.<ref name=SB1911/> The improved '''HUP-2''' (Piasecki designation '''PV-18''') was soon introduced with a more powerful engine, deletion of the inward-canted horizontal stabilizer endplate fins, and various minor changes in equipment; a sub-variant equipped with dunking [[sonar]] for [[anti-submarine warfare]] was given the designation '''HUP-2S'''.<ref name=SB1911/><ref name=Boeing_HUP/> The HUP-2 was the first production helicopter equipped with an [[autopilot]].<ref name=Boeing_HUP/> The US Navy also tested a [[radio navigation]] system called ''Raydist'' that allowed an unmanned HUP-2 to be directed from a ground station and by radio ordered to hover within {{convert|5|ft|m|spell=in}} of the desired point.<ref>{{cite magazine|magazine=Popular Mechanics|author=Hearst Magazines|title=Radio Waves Hold Helicopter In Fixed Hovering Position|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oN0DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA122|date=May 1954|publisher=Hearst Magazines|page=122}}</ref> [[Edo Aircraft Corporation|Edo]] tested a HUP-2 with a fiberglass hull and outrigger floats for amphibious operations.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Picture News: Watertight hull makes helicopter amphibious|magazine=[[Popular Science]]|date=February 1958|volume=172|issue=2|page=149}}</ref>


An upgraded version of the HUP-2 was built for the [[US Army]] and designated as the '''H-25A Army Mule''', but most were quickly withdrawn from Army service and converted for naval use under the designation '''HUP-3'''.<ref name=SB1911/><ref name=Boeing_HUP/><ref name=Baugher_13>{{cite web |url=http://www.joebaugher.com/navy_serials/thirdseries13.html |title=US Navy and US Marine Corps BuNos, Third Series (120341 to 126256) |last=Baugher |first=Joe |date=26 July 2018 |website=joebaugher.com |access-date=31 October 2018}}</ref><ref name=Walker_RCN/><ref name=Baugher_BuNo18/>
An upgraded version of the HUP-2 was built for the [[US Army]] and designated as the '''H-25A Army Mule''', but most were quickly withdrawn from Army service and converted for naval use under the designation '''HUP-3'''.<ref name=SB1911/><ref name=Boeing_HUP/><ref name=Walker_RCN/>


⚫
In 1954, the [[Royal Canadian Navy]] received three former US Army H-25A aircraft, which were modified and redesignated on delivery to conform to US Navy HUP-3 standards.<ref name=Walker_RCN/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://ingeniumcanada.org/aviation/collection-research/artifact-piasecki-hup-3.php |title=Piasecki HUP-3 |website=ingeniumcanada.org |publisher=Ingenium Canada - Canada Air and Space Museum |access-date=31 October 2018 }}</ref><ref name=Shearwater_HUP-3>{{cite web |url=http://www.shearwateraviationmuseum.ns.ca/exhibits/hup.htm |title=Piasecki HUP-3 |website=www.shearwateraviationmuseum.ns.ca |publisher=Shearwater Aviation Museum |access-date=1 November 2018 }}</ref> The aircraft were used aboard [[CCGS Labrador|HMCS ''Labrador'']] for [[search and rescue]] and varied utility duties, and were later used to support construction at [[Distant Early Warning Line]] radar sites.<ref name=Walker_RCN/><ref name=Shearwater_HUP-3/> The helicopters were subsequently posted to [[Victoria International Airport|NAF Patricia Bay]] and naval air station [[CFB Shearwater|HMCS ''Shearwater'']]; after the last two were stricken from inventory on 18 January 1964, one aircraft was donated to a technical school and the other two were sold as surplus.<ref name=Walker_RCN/><ref name=Shearwater_HUP-3/>
In 1954, the [[Royal Canadian Navy]] received 3 former US Army H-25A aircraft, which were modified and redesignated on delivery to conform to US Navy HUP-3 standards.<ref name=Walker_RCN/><ref name=Baugher_1951>{{cite web |url=http://www.joebaugher.com/usaf_serials/1951.html |title=1951 USAF Serial Numbers
⚫
|last=Baugher |first=Joe |date=2 September 2018 |website=joebaugher.com |access-date=31 October 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://ingeniumcanada.org/aviation/collection-research/artifact-piasecki-hup-3.php |title=Piasecki HUP-3 |website=ingeniumcanada.org |publisher=Ingenium Canada - Canada Air and Space Museum |access-date=31 October 2018 }}</ref><ref name=Shearwater_HUP-3>{{cite web |url=http://www.shearwateraviationmuseum.ns.ca/exhibits/hup.htm |title=Piasecki HUP-3 |website=www.shearwateraviationmuseum.ns.ca |publisher=Shearwater Aviation Museum |access-date=1 November 2018 }}</ref> The aircraft were used aboard [[CCGS Labrador|HMCS ''Labrador'']] for SAR and varied utility duties, and were later used to support construction at [[Distant Early Warning Line]] radar sites.<ref name=Walker_RCN/><ref name=Shearwater_HUP-3/> The helicopters were subsequently posted to [[Victoria International Airport|NAF Patricia Bay]] and naval air station [[CFB Shearwater|HMCS ''Shearwater'']]; after the last 2 were struck off strength on 18 January 1964, 1 aircraft was donated to a technical school and the other 2 were sold as surplus.<ref name=Walker_RCN/><ref name=Shearwater_HUP-3/>


The US Army '''H-25''' designation was adopted by the US Navy in 1962<ref name=SB1911/> on introduction of the [[1962 United States Tri-Service aircraft designation system]]. The final units were withdrawn from US service in 1964.{{Citation needed|date=October 2018}} It also served with [[French Naval Aviation]] (Aeronavale) from 1953{{Citation needed|reason=Need more info on French service|date=October 2018}} to 1965.<ref name=Boeing_HUP/>
The US Army '''H-25''' designation was adopted by the US Navy in 1962<ref name=SB1911/> on introduction of the [[1962 United States Tri-Service aircraft designation system]]. The final units were withdrawn from US service in 1964.{{Citation needed|date=October 2018}} It also served with [[French Naval Aviation]] (Aeronavale) from 1953{{Citation needed|reason=Need more info on French service|date=October 2018}} to 1965.<ref name=Boeing_HUP/>


A total of 339 aircraft were delivered during the 6-year production run.<ref name=Boeing_HUP/>{{Disputed inline|Number built|date=November 2018}} A large number of surplus US Navy aircraft later appeared on the US civil registry, and at least 7 were transferred to the [[French Navy]].<ref name=Baugher_13/>
A total of 339 aircraft were delivered during the 6-year production run.<ref name=Boeing_HUP/>{{Disputed inline|Number built|date=November 2018}} A large number of surplus US Navy aircraft later appeared on the US civil registry, and at least seven were transferred to the [[French Navy]].{{Cn|date=September 2022}}


On 7 November 2009, former US Navy HUP-1, [[BuNo]] ''124925'',<ref name=Allnutt/> civil registration number ''N183YP'',<ref name=Baugher_13/> collided with high-voltage power lines in [[Adelanto, California]]; the subsequent crash and post-crash fire killed all 3 occupants and substantially damaged the aircraft.<ref name=NTSB_N183YP>{{cite web|url=https://app.ntsb.gov/pdfgenerator/ReportGeneratorFile.ashx?EventID=20091107X23541&AKey=1&RType=Final&IType=LA|title=NTSB Aviation Accident Final Report WPR10LA048 |publisher=[[National Transportation Safety Board]]|access-date=5 November 2018}}</ref> Operated in association with [[Classic Rotors Museum|Classic Rotors]], the accident aircraft was the only airworthy example in the world.<ref name=Allnutt>{{cite news |last=Allnutt |first=Richard Mallory |date=25 December 2009 |title=Piasecki crash claims three lives |work=Aircraft Illustrated |location=Stamford, Lincolnshire, UK |publisher=Key Publishing Ltd. |issn=0002-2675}}</ref> The [[National Transportation Safety Board]] attributed the crash to ''"The pilot’s failure to maintain clearance from powerlines during en route flight."''<ref name=NTSB_N183YP/>
On 7 November 2009, former US Navy HUP-1, [[BuNo]] ''124925'',<ref name=Allnutt/> civil registration number ''N183YP'',<ref name=NTSB_N183YP/> collided with high-voltage power lines in [[Adelanto, California]]; the subsequent crash and post-crash fire killed all 3 occupants and substantially damaged the aircraft.<ref name=NTSB_N183YP>{{cite report|url=https://data.ntsb.gov/carol-repgen/api/Aviation/ReportMain/GenerateNewestReport/75019/pdf|title=NTSB Aviation Investigation Final Report|docket=WPR10LA048 |date=18 July 2011 |publisher=[[National Transportation Safety Board]]|access-date=25 February 2023}}</ref> Operated in association with [[Classic Rotors Museum|Classic Rotors]], the accident aircraft was the only airworthy example in the world.<ref name=Allnutt>{{cite news |last=Allnutt |first=Richard Mallory |date=25 December 2009 |title=Piasecki crash claims three lives |work=Aircraft Illustrated |location=Stamford, Lincolnshire, UK |publisher=Key Publishing Ltd. |issn=0002-2675}}</ref> The [[National Transportation Safety Board]] attributed the crash to ''"The pilot’s failure to maintain clearance from powerlines during en route flight."''<ref name=NTSB_N183YP/>


==Variants==
==Variants==
;XHJP-1
;XHJP-1
:Prototype, powered by a {{convert|525|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} [[Continental R-975]]-34 piston engine, equipped with large sloping endplate fins on the horizontal stabilizers. Piasecki-Vertol designation was '''PV-14'''. 2<ref name=SB1911/><ref name=Baugher_4/> or 3<ref name=archives/><ref name=Watkins/> produced.{{Disputed inline|Number built|date=November 2018}}
:Prototype, powered by a {{convert|525|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} [[Continental R-975]]-34 piston engine, equipped with large sloping endplate fins on the horizontal stabilizers. Piasecki-Vertol designation was '''PV-14'''. 2<ref name=SB1911/> or 3<ref name=archives/><ref name=Watkins/> produced.{{Disputed inline|Number built|date=November 2018}}


;HUP-1
;HUP-1
:Utility transport and search and rescue helicopter for the [[US Navy]], largely similar to XHJP-1, Piasecki designation was '''PV-18'''. 32 built.<ref name=SB1911/><ref name=Boeing_HUP/>
:Utility transport and search and rescue helicopter for the [[US Navy]], largely similar to XHJP-1, Piasecki designation was '''PV-18'''. 32 built.<ref name=SB1911/><ref name=Boeing_HUP/>
[[File:Piasecki HUP of HU-2 rescues pilot near USS Block Island (CVE-106) on 12 August 1953.jpg|thumb|A U.S. Navy HUP plane guard doing its work in 1953]]
[[File:Piasecki HUP of HU-2 rescues pilot near USS Block Island (CVE-106) on 12 August 1953.jpg|thumb|A U.S. Navy HUP [[plane guard]] conducting a rescue in 1953]]
;HUP-2
;HUP-2
:Improved version, {{convert|550|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} Continental R-975-42 piston engine, horizontal stabilizer endplate fins eliminated.<ref name=SB1911/><ref name=Boeing_HUP/> 165 built for the US Navy,<ref name=SB1911/>{{Disputed inline|Number built|date=November 2018}} 15 for French Aeronavale.{{Citation needed|reason=Need more info on French service|date=October 2018}} Redesignated '''UH-25B''' in 1962.
:Improved version, {{convert|550|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} Continental R-975-42 piston engine, horizontal stabilizer endplate fins eliminated.<ref name=SB1911/><ref name=Boeing_HUP/> 165 built for the US Navy,<ref name=SB1911/>{{Disputed inline|Number built|date=November 2018}} 15 for French Aeronavale.{{Citation needed|reason=Need more info on French service|date=October 2018}} Redesignated '''UH-25B''' in 1962.
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;HUP-3
;HUP-3
:Naval utility conversion of H-25A aircraft transferred from US Army: 50 to US Navy,<ref name=Baugher_BuNo18>{{cite web |url=http://www.joebaugher.com/navy_serials/thirdseries18.html |title=US Navy and US Marine Corps BuNos, Third Series (145062 to 150138) |last=Baugher |first=Joe |date=2 October 2018 |website=joebaugher.com |access-date=31 October 2018}}</ref> 3 to Royal Canadian Navy.<ref name=Walker_RCN>{{cite web|title= Royal Canadian Navy – HUP detailed list |last1= Walker |first1= R.W.R. |url=http://www.rwrwalker.ca/RCN_HUP_detailed.html |work= Canadian Military Aircraft Serial Numbers |access-date= 31 October 2018 }}</ref><ref name=Baugher_1951>{{cite web |url=http://www.joebaugher.com/usaf_serials/1951.html |title=1951 USAF Serial Numbers
:Naval utility conversion of H-25A aircraft transferred from US Army: 50 to US Navy, 3 to Royal Canadian Navy.<ref name=Walker_RCN>{{cite web|title= Royal Canadian Navy – HUP detailed list |last1= Walker |first1= R.W.R. |url=http://www.rwrwalker.ca/RCN_HUP_detailed.html |work= Canadian Military Aircraft Serial Numbers |access-date= 31 October 2018 }}</ref>
|last=Baugher |first=Joe |date=2 September 2018 |website=joebaugher.com |access-date=31 October 2018}}</ref> Remaining US Navy aircraft redesignated '''UH-25C''' in 1962.


;H-25A Army Mule
;H-25A Army Mule
:Utility transport helicopter for US Army, similar to HUP-2 but powered by a {{convert|550|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} Continental R-975-46A piston engine, and fitted with large doors, power-boosted controls, and strengthened floors.<ref name=SB1911/><ref name=Boeing_HUP/> 70 were delivered from 1953, but they were unsuitable for front-line use,<ref name="Harding p197-8"/> with 53 transferred to the Royal Canadian and US Navies in 1954–1955,<ref name=Walker_RCN/><ref name=Baugher_1951/> and the remaining helicopters used for training, being withdrawn from army service by 1958.<ref name="Harding p197-8">Harding 1990, pp. 197–198.</ref>
:Utility transport helicopter for US Army, similar to HUP-2 but powered by a {{convert|550|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} Continental R-975-46A piston engine, and fitted with large doors, power-boosted controls, and strengthened floors.<ref name=SB1911/><ref name=Boeing_HUP/> 70 were delivered from 1953, but they were unsuitable for front-line use,<ref name="Harding p197-8"/> with 53 transferred to the Royal Canadian and US Navies in 1954–1955,<ref name=Walker_RCN/> and the remaining helicopters used for training, being withdrawn from army service by 1958.<ref name="Harding p197-8">Harding 1990, pp. 197–198.</ref>


;UH-25B
;UH-25B
Line 72: Line 70:
==Operators==
==Operators==
; {{flag|Canada|1921}}
; {{flag|Canada|1921}}
* [[Royal Canadian Navy]] <ref name=" Piasecki H-25 History">{{cite web| title =Piasecki H-25 History| publisher =Boeing| url =http://www.boeing.com/history/boeing/hup.html| access-date =2013-02-02|url-status=dead| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20121029172611/http://www.boeing.com/history/boeing/hup.html| archive-date =2012-10-29}}</ref>
* [[Royal Canadian Navy]]<ref name=" Piasecki H-25 History">{{cite web| title =Piasecki H-25 History| publisher =Boeing| url =http://www.boeing.com/history/boeing/hup.html| access-date =2013-02-02|url-status=dead| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20121029172611/http://www.boeing.com/history/boeing/hup.html| archive-date =2012-10-29}}</ref>
; {{FRA}}
; {{FRA}}
* [[French Navy]] <ref name=" Piasecki H-25 History" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pictaero.com/en/pictures/picture,47204 |title= Piasecki PV-18 (HUP/H-25/UH-25) (Photo) |publisher= pictaero.com |access-date=2 February 2013}}</ref>
* [[French Navy]]<ref name=" Piasecki H-25 History" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pictaero.com/en/pictures/picture,47204 |title= Piasecki PV-18 (HUP/H-25/UH-25) (Photo) |publisher= pictaero.com |access-date=2 February 2013}}</ref>
; {{USA}}:
; {{USA}}:
* [[United States Army]] <ref name=" Piasecki H-25 History" />
* [[United States Army]]<ref name=" Piasecki H-25 History" />
* [[United States Navy]] <ref name=" Piasecki H-25 History" />
* [[United States Navy]]<ref name=" Piasecki H-25 History" />


==Surviving aircraft==
==Surviving aircraft==
[[File:HUP3-01A.JPG|thumb|Royal Canadian Navy HUP-3 ''51-16621'' at the [[Canadian Museum of Flight]]; this aircraft was later traded to [[Classic Rotors Museum|Classic Rotors]].<ref name=Shearwater_HUP-3/> ]]
[[File:HUP3-01A.JPG|thumb|Royal Canadian Navy HUP-3 ''51-16621'' at the [[Canadian Museum of Flight]]; this aircraft was later traded to [[Classic Rotors Museum|Classic Rotors]].<ref name=Shearwater_HUP-3/> ]]
For surviving aircraft, hyphenated numbers are original US Army Serial Numbers; six-digit numbers are original US Navy Bureau of Aeronautics (BuAer) Bureau Numbers (BuNo). All 50 H-25A/HUP-3 aircraft transferred from the US Army to the US Navy were given new bureau numbers; 3 aircraft transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy were redesignated, but retained their original US Army serial numbers.<ref name=Walker_RCN/><ref name=Baugher_1951/>
For surviving aircraft, hyphenated numbers are original US Army Serial Numbers; six-digit numbers are original US Navy Bureau of Aeronautics (BuAer) Bureau Numbers (BuNo). All 50 H-25A/HUP-3 aircraft transferred from the US Army to the US Navy were given new bureau numbers; 3 aircraft transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy were redesignated, but retained their original US Army serial numbers.<ref name=Walker_RCN/>


===Canada===
===Canada===
;On display
;On display
⚫
* UH-25B (HUP-2) 128529 at [[Shearwater Aviation Museum]] in Shearwater, Nova Scotia.<ref name=Skaarup>{{cite book |last=Skaarup |first=Howard |date=2009 |title=Canadian Warplanes |location=Bloomington, Indiana |publisher=iUniverse |page=520 |isbn=978-1-4401-6758-4 }}</ref> This aircraft has been restored to the appearance of ''51-16621'', the first Royal Canadian Navy HUP-3.<ref name=Shearwater_HUP-3/>
⚫
;;UH-25B (HUP-2)
⚫
* UH-25C (HUP-3), 51-16623 - [[Canada Aviation and Space Museum]] in Ottawa, Ontario.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=9090 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/51-16623."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://casmuseum.techno-science.ca/en/collection-research/artifact-piasecki-hup-3.php|title=Piasecki HUP-3|author= Canada Aviation and Space Museum|author-link= Canada Aviation and Space Museum|work=techno-science.ca|access-date=5 May 2016}}</ref>
⚫
*128529 – [[Shearwater Aviation Museum]] in Shearwater, Nova Scotia.<ref name=Skaarup>{{cite book |last=Skaarup |first=Howard |date=2009 |title=Canadian Warplanes |location=Bloomington, Indiana |publisher=iUniverse |page=520 |isbn=978-1-4401-6758-4 }}</ref> This aircraft has been restored to the appearance of ''51-16621'', the first Royal Canadian Navy HUP-3.<ref name=Shearwater_HUP-3/>

;;UH-25C (HUP-3)
⚫
*51-16623 - [[Canada Aviation and Space Museum]] in Ottawa, Ontario.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=9090 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/51-16623."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://casmuseum.techno-science.ca/en/collection-research/artifact-piasecki-hup-3.php|title=Piasecki HUP-3|author= Canada Aviation and Space Museum|author-link= Canada Aviation and Space Museum|work=techno-science.ca|access-date=5 May 2016}}</ref>


===Netherlands===
===Netherlands===
⚫
* UH-25B (HUP-2), 130076 (construction number 253) – Baris Business Park roadway roundabout in [[Rotterdam]]. This aircraft was originally used by the US Navy and was later transferred to the [[French Navy]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.baris.nl/onze-helikopter/|title=De helikopter |website=www.baris.nl |date=11 November 2013 |publisher= Baris Groep |access-date=1 November 2018 |language=nl |trans-title=The helicopter }}</ref>
;On display
;;UH-25B (HUP-2)
⚫
*130076 – Baris Business Park roadway roundabout in [[Rotterdam]]. This aircraft was originally used by the US Navy and was later transferred to the [[French Navy]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.baris.nl/onze-helikopter/|title=De helikopter |website=www.baris.nl |publisher= Baris Groep |access-date=1 November 2018 |language=nl |trans-title=The helicopter }}</ref>


===United Kingdom===
===United Kingdom===
⚫
* UH-25C (HUP-3), 51-16622 – displayed at [[The Helicopter Museum (Weston)|The Helicopter Museum]] in Weston-super-Mare, England, wearing Canadian markings.<ref name=Walker_RCN/><ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=11752 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/622 RCN."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>
;On display
;;UH-25C (HUP-3)
⚫
*51-16622 – [[The Helicopter Museum (Weston)|The Helicopter Museum]] in Weston-super-Mare, England, wearing Canadian markings.<ref name=Walker_RCN/><ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=11752 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/622 RCN."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>


===United States===
===United States===
;On display
;On display
;;H-25A Army Mule
;;H-25A Army Mule
*51-16616 – [[United States Army Aviation Museum]] in Fort Rucker, Alabama.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=17233 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/51-16616."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>
* 51-16616 – [[United States Army Aviation Museum]] in Fort Rucker, Alabama.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=17233 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/51-16616."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>


;;HUP-1
;;HUP-1
*124915 – [[USS Hornet Museum]] in Alameda, California.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=10923 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/124915."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 25 April 2017.</ref>
* 124915 – [[USS Hornet Museum]] in Alameda, California.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=10923 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/124915."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 25 April 2017.</ref>


;;UH-25B (HUP-2)
;;UH-25B (HUP-2)
*128479 – [[American Helicopter Museum]] in West Chester, Pennsylvania.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=63563 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/128479."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>
* 128479 – [[American Helicopter Museum]] in West Chester, Pennsylvania.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=63563 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/128479."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>
*128517 – [[Wings of Freedom Aviation Museum]] in Horsham, Pennsylvania.<ref>{{cite web|title=Piasecki HUP-2 "Retriever"|publisher=Wings of Freedom Aviation Museum|url=http://wingsoffreedommuseum.org/index.php/our-aircraft/13-aircraft/aircraft-rotorcraft/33-aircraft-hup-2-retriever|access-date=26 August 2016}}</ref>
* 128517 – [[Wings of Freedom Aviation Museum]] in Horsham, Pennsylvania.<ref>{{cite web|title=Piasecki HUP-2 "Retriever"|publisher=Wings of Freedom Aviation Museum|url=http://wingsoffreedommuseum.org/index.php/our-aircraft/13-aircraft/aircraft-rotorcraft/33-aircraft-hup-2-retriever|access-date=26 August 2016}}</ref>
*128519 – [[Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum]] in New York City, New York.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=35971 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/128519."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>
* 128519 – [[Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum]] in New York City, New York.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=35971 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/128519."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>
*128596 – [[Flying Leatherneck Aviation Museum]] in San Diego, California.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=419 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/128596."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>
* 128596 – [[Flying Leatherneck Aviation Museum]] in San Diego, California.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=419 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/128596."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>
*130059 – [[USS Midway Museum]] in San Diego, California.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=29266 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/130059."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>
* 130059 – [[USS Midway Museum]] in San Diego, California.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=29266 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/130059."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>
*130082 – on the deck of the [[USS Iowa Museum]] in San Pedro, California.<ref>[http://www.dailybreeze.com/general-news/20161018/historic-wartime-helicopter-to-be-pieced-together-for-san-pedros-battleship-iowa "Piasecki HUP Retriever/130082."] ''Daily Breeze'' Retrieved: 25 April 2017.</ref><ref>https://www.pacificbattleship.com/visit-us/special-exhibits</ref>
* 130082 – on the deck of the [[USS Iowa Museum]] in San Pedro, California.<ref>[http://www.dailybreeze.com/general-news/20161018/historic-wartime-helicopter-to-be-pieced-together-for-san-pedros-battleship-iowa "Piasecki HUP Retriever/130082."] ''Daily Breeze'' Retrieved: 25 April 2017.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.pacificbattleship.com/visit-us/special-exhibits|title= New Exhibits|access-date= 20 February 2022|author= Pacific Battleship Center|author-link= USS Iowa Museum|work= pacificbattleship.com|year= 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200424002946/https://www.pacificbattleship.com/visit-us/special-exhibits/|archive-date= 24 April 2020|url-status= dead}}</ref>


;;UH-25C (HUP-3)
;;UH-25C (HUP-3)
[[File:Air Zoo December 2019 094 (Piasecki HUP-3 Retriever).jpg|thumb|HUP-3 Retriever on display at the [[Air Zoo]]]]
[[File:Air Zoo December 2019 094 (Piasecki HUP-3 Retriever).jpg|thumb|HUP-3 Retriever on display at the [[Air Zoo]]]]
*147595 – [[Pima Air & Space Museum]] in Tucson, Arizona.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=34520 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/147595."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>
* 147595 – [[Pima Air & Space Museum]] in Tucson, Arizona.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=34520 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/147595."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>
*147600 – [[Air Zoo]] in Kalamazoo, Michigan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=10772|title=Piasecki HUP Retriever/147600|website=www.aerialvisuals.ca|access-date=2016-06-08}}</ref>
* 147600 – [[Air Zoo]] in Kalamazoo, Michigan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=10772|title=Piasecki HUP Retriever/147600|website=www.aerialvisuals.ca|access-date=2016-06-08}}</ref>
*147607 – [[National Naval Aviation Museum]] in Pensacola, Florida.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=26108 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/147607."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>
* 147607 – [[National Naval Aviation Museum]] in Pensacola, Florida.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=26108 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/147607."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>
*147628 – [[Mid-America Air Museum]] in Liberal, Kansas.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=75028 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/147628."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>
* 147628 – [[Mid-America Air Museum]] in Liberal, Kansas.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=75028 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/147628."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>
*51-16621 – [[Classic Rotors Museum|Classic Rotors]] in Ramona, California.<ref name=N7089F>{{cite web|url = https://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=7089F|title = N-Number Inquiry Results N7089F|access-date = 1 November 2018|last = Federal Aviation Administration|author-link = Federal Aviation Administration|date = 1 November 2018}}</ref> As of December 2019, this is the only Piasecki Helicopter-manufactured aircraft with valid [[FAA]] [[aircraft registration]].<ref name="FAA_Piasecki">{{cite web|url = https://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/AcftRef_Results.aspx?Mfrtxt=PIASECKI&Modeltxt=&PageNo=1|title = Manufacturer Inquiry Results Piasecki |access-date = 16 December 2019 |last = Federal Aviation Administration|author-link = Federal Aviation Administration|date = 16 December 2019}}</ref> This former Royal Canadian Navy aircraft is reportedly the last HUP/H-25 capable of being restored to [[airworthy]] condition; it was exchanged in 2000 by the [[Canadian Museum of Flight]] for unflyable HUP-2 ''128529'', which was subsequently traded again in 2002 to the Shearwater Aviation Museum and repainted as ''51-16621''.<ref name=Shearwater_HUP-3/><ref name=Skaarup/>
* 51-16621 – [[Classic Rotors Museum|Classic Rotors]] in Ramona, California.<ref name=N7089F>{{cite web|url = https://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?NNumbertxt=7089F|title = N-Number Inquiry Results N7089F|access-date = 1 November 2018|last = Federal Aviation Administration|author-link = Federal Aviation Administration|date = 1 November 2018}}</ref> As of December 2019, this is the only Piasecki Helicopter-manufactured aircraft with valid [[FAA]] [[aircraft registration]].<ref name="FAA_Piasecki">{{cite web|url = https://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/AcftRef_Results.aspx?Mfrtxt=PIASECKI&Modeltxt=&PageNo=1|title = Manufacturer Inquiry Results Piasecki|access-date = 16 December 2019|last = Federal Aviation Administration|author-link = Federal Aviation Administration|date = 16 December 2019|archive-date = 4 January 2020|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200104033145/https://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/AcftRef_Results.aspx?Mfrtxt=PIASECKI&Modeltxt=&PageNo=1|url-status = dead}}</ref> This former Royal Canadian Navy aircraft is reportedly the last HUP/H-25 capable of being restored to [[airworthy]] condition; it was exchanged in 2000 by the [[Canadian Museum of Flight]] for unflyable HUP-2 ''128529'', which was subsequently traded again in 2002 to the Shearwater Aviation Museum and repainted as ''51-16621''.<ref name=Shearwater_HUP-3/><ref name=Skaarup/>


;Under restoration or in storage
;Under restoration or in storage
⚫
;;UH-25B (HUP-2)
* 128598 - Stored at [[New England Air Museum]] in [[Windsor Locks, Connecticut]].<ref name=Demobbed>{{cite web|url=http://www.usdemobbed.org.uk/locations.php?location=6388|title=Bradley - Museum, Connecticut|accessdate=20 September 2023}}</ref>
* 130053 – Stored at [[Quartzsite, Arizona]].<ref>[https://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=33423 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/130053."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 15 July 2021.</ref>
* 130063 - Stored at New England Air Museum in Windsor Locks, Connecticut.<ref name=Demobbed/>
;;UH-25C (HUP-3)
;;UH-25C (HUP-3)
*147610 – [[Yanks Air Museum]] in Chino, California, in storage.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=161310 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/147610."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>
* 147610 – [[Yanks Air Museum]] in Chino, California, in storage.<ref>[http://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=161310 "Piasecki HUP Retriever/147610."] ''aerialvisuals.ca'' Retrieved: 5 May 2016.</ref>


==Specifications (HUP-2)==
==Specifications (HUP-2)==
Line 166: Line 161:
|rot dia in=0
|rot dia in=0
|rot area sqft=1924.5
|rot area sqft=1924.5
|rot area note=<br>
|rot area note=
*'''Blade section:''' [[NACA airfoil|NACA 0012]]<ref name="Selig">{{cite web |last1=Lednicer |first1=David |title=The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage |url=https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/aircraft.html |website=m-selig.ae.illinois.edu |access-date=16 April 2019}}</ref>
* '''Blade section:''' [[NACA airfoil|NACA 0012]]<ref name="Selig">{{cite web |last1=Lednicer |first1=David |title=The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage |url=https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/aircraft.html |website=m-selig.ae.illinois.edu |access-date=16 April 2019}}</ref>
<!--
<!--
Performance
Performance
Line 203: Line 198:
* [[Boeing Vertol CH-46 Sea Knight|CH-46 Sea Knight]]
* [[Boeing Vertol CH-46 Sea Knight|CH-46 Sea Knight]]
|similar aircraft=<!-- similar or comparable aircraft -->
|similar aircraft=<!-- similar or comparable aircraft -->
*[[Bell HSL]]
* [[Bell HSL]]
*[[Bristol Belvedere]]
* [[Bristol Belvedere]]
*[[Harbin Z-5]]
* [[Harbin Z-5]]
*[[Mil Mi-4]]
* [[Mil Mi-4]]
*[[Sikorsky H-19 Chickasaw]]
* [[Sikorsky H-19 Chickasaw]]
|lists=<!-- related lists -->
|lists=<!-- related lists -->
|see also=
|see also=
Line 216: Line 211:
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
;Bibliography
;Bibliography
*Bridgman, Leonard. ''Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1956–57''. New York: The McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1956.
* Bridgman, Leonard. ''Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1956–57''. New York: The McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1956.
* Harding, Stephen. ''U.S. Army Aircraft Since 1947''. Shrewsbury, UK:Airlife, 1990. {{ISBN|1-85310-102-8}}.
* Harding, Stephen. ''U.S. Army Aircraft Since 1947''. Shrewsbury, UK:Airlife, 1990. {{ISBN|1-85310-102-8}}.
*{{cite book |last1=Swanborough |first1=Gordon |last2=Bowers |first2=Peter M. |date=1976 |title=United States Navy Aircraft since 1911 |edition=2nd |location=Annapolis, Maryland |publisher=Naval Institute Press |isbn=0-87021-968-5}}.
* {{cite book |last1=Swanborough |first1=Gordon |last2=Bowers |first2=Peter M. |date=1976 |title=United States Navy Aircraft since 1911 |edition=2nd |location=Annapolis, Maryland |publisher=Naval Institute Press |isbn=0-87021-968-5}}.


==External links==
==External links==
Line 224: Line 219:
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080506193518/http://www.redstone.army.mil/history/aviation/factsheets/h25.html H-25 US Army Aviation history fact sheet]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080506193518/http://www.redstone.army.mil/history/aviation/factsheets/h25.html H-25 US Army Aviation history fact sheet]


{{Boeing Helicopters model numbers}}
{{Piasecki/Vertol aircraft}}
{{Piasecki/Vertol aircraft}}
{{USAF helicopters}}
{{USAF helicopters}}

Latest revision as of 05:58, 14 February 2024

H-25/HUP Retriever
A U.S. Navy HUP-2 from USS Franklin D. Roosevelt
Role Utility helicopter
Manufacturer Piasecki Helicopter
First flight March 1948
Introduction February 1949[1]
Retired 1958 US Army
January 1964 RCN
1964 USN
1965 French Navy
Primary users United States Navy
United States Army
Royal Canadian Navy
French Navy
Produced 1949–1954[2]
Number built 339[2][disputed – discuss]

The Piasecki HUP Retriever/H-25 Army Mule is a compact single radial engine, twin overlapping tandem rotor utility helicopter developed by the Piasecki Helicopter Corporation of Morton, Pennsylvania. Designed to a United States Navy specification, the helicopter was produced from 1949 to 1954, and was also used by the United States Army and foreign navies. The HUP/H-25 was the first helicopter to be produced with an autopilot and also the first to perform a loop.

Design and development[edit]

The design was a product of a competition by the U.S. Navy in 1945 for a compact utility/rescue helicopter to operate from ships including aircraft carriers, battleships, and cruisers.[2] Either 2[1] or 3[3][4][disputed – discuss] prototypes—designated PV-14 by the factory and XHJP-1 by the Navy—were built and subjected to a side-by-side flight evaluation against the 3 prototypes of the Sikorsky XHJS-1; however, the XHJS was fundamentally a scaled-up version of the Sikorsky H-5, and the increased weight and size magnified the design's problems with maintaining proper weight and balance under varying loading conditions.[3] The Piasecki won the competition,[3] and with the introduction of the aircraft configuration letter "U" for Utility in the 1950s,[5] the aircraft was ordered for production as the HUP-1.[1]

The design featured two three-bladed, 35-foot-diameter (11 m) rotors in tandem in which blades could be folded for storage; the relatively small rotor diameter allowed the aircraft to use aircraft carrier elevators with its blades fully extended.[2] The tandem overlapping rotor configuration was a development by Piasecki and was used in future helicopter designs by the company and successors including the H-21, HRB-1/CH-46, and CH-47. The original HUP-1 was powered by a single Continental R-975-34 radial engine, with a take-off rating of 525 hp (391 kW), while later versions used the uprated R-975-42 or R-975-46A with 550 hp (410 kW).[1] To aid search and rescue (SAR) operations, the aircraft was equipped with an overhead winch capable of lifting 400 lb (181 kg), which could lower a rescue sling through an electrically-operated door available after the copilot's seat was folded forward.[2]

During a flight demonstration of its capability to withstand high g-force, the type became the first helicopter to perform a loop, albeit unintentionally.[2]

Operational history[edit]

H-25A Army Mule preserved in the US Army Aviation Museum, Alabama

The aircraft first entered service in February 1949 with the delivery of the first of 32 HUP-1 aircraft to the US Navy.[1] The improved HUP-2 (Piasecki designation PV-18) was soon introduced with a more powerful engine, deletion of the inward-canted horizontal stabilizer endplate fins, and various minor changes in equipment; a sub-variant equipped with dunking sonar for anti-submarine warfare was given the designation HUP-2S.[1][2] The HUP-2 was the first production helicopter equipped with an autopilot.[2] The US Navy also tested a radio navigation system called Raydist that allowed an unmanned HUP-2 to be directed from a ground station and by radio ordered to hover within five feet (1.5 m) of the desired point.[6] Edo tested a HUP-2 with a fiberglass hull and outrigger floats for amphibious operations.[7]

An upgraded version of the HUP-2 was built for the US Army and designated as the H-25A Army Mule, but most were quickly withdrawn from Army service and converted for naval use under the designation HUP-3.[1][2][8]

In 1954, the Royal Canadian Navy received three former US Army H-25A aircraft, which were modified and redesignated on delivery to conform to US Navy HUP-3 standards.[8][9][10] The aircraft were used aboard HMCS Labrador for search and rescue and varied utility duties, and were later used to support construction at Distant Early Warning Line radar sites.[8][10] The helicopters were subsequently posted to NAF Patricia Bay and naval air station HMCS Shearwater; after the last two were stricken from inventory on 18 January 1964, one aircraft was donated to a technical school and the other two were sold as surplus.[8][10]

The US Army H-25 designation was adopted by the US Navy in 1962[1] on introduction of the 1962 United States Tri-Service aircraft designation system. The final units were withdrawn from US service in 1964.[citation needed] It also served with French Naval Aviation (Aeronavale) from 1953[citation needed] to 1965.[2]

A total of 339 aircraft were delivered during the 6-year production run.[2][disputed – discuss] A large number of surplus US Navy aircraft later appeared on the US civil registry, and at least seven were transferred to the French Navy.[citation needed]

On 7 November 2009, former US Navy HUP-1, BuNo 124925,[11] civil registration number N183YP,[12] collided with high-voltage power lines in Adelanto, California; the subsequent crash and post-crash fire killed all 3 occupants and substantially damaged the aircraft.[12] Operated in association with Classic Rotors, the accident aircraft was the only airworthy example in the world.[11] The National Transportation Safety Board attributed the crash to "The pilot’s failure to maintain clearance from powerlines during en route flight."[12]

Variants[edit]

XHJP-1
Prototype, powered by a 525 hp (391 kW) Continental R-975-34 piston engine, equipped with large sloping endplate fins on the horizontal stabilizers. Piasecki-Vertol designation was PV-14. 2[1] or 3[3][4] produced.[disputed – discuss]
HUP-1
Utility transport and search and rescue helicopter for the US Navy, largely similar to XHJP-1, Piasecki designation was PV-18. 32 built.[1][2]
A U.S. Navy HUP plane guard conducting a rescue in 1953
HUP-2
Improved version, 550 hp (410 kW) Continental R-975-42 piston engine, horizontal stabilizer endplate fins eliminated.[1][2] 165 built for the US Navy,[1][disputed – discuss] 15 for French Aeronavale.[citation needed] Redesignated UH-25B in 1962.
HUP-2S
Anti-submarine warfare version of HUP-2 fitted with dunking sonar. 12 built.[2]
HUP-3
Naval utility conversion of H-25A aircraft transferred from US Army: 50 to US Navy, 3 to Royal Canadian Navy.[8]
H-25A Army Mule
Utility transport helicopter for US Army, similar to HUP-2 but powered by a 550 hp (410 kW) Continental R-975-46A piston engine, and fitted with large doors, power-boosted controls, and strengthened floors.[1][2] 70 were delivered from 1953, but they were unsuitable for front-line use,[13] with 53 transferred to the Royal Canadian and US Navies in 1954–1955,[8] and the remaining helicopters used for training, being withdrawn from army service by 1958.[13]
UH-25B
HUP-2 redesignated after 1962.
UH-25C
HUP-3 redesignated after 1962.

Operators[edit]

 Canada
 France
 United States

Surviving aircraft[edit]

Royal Canadian Navy HUP-3 51-16621 at the Canadian Museum of Flight; this aircraft was later traded to Classic Rotors.[10]

For surviving aircraft, hyphenated numbers are original US Army Serial Numbers; six-digit numbers are original US Navy Bureau of Aeronautics (BuAer) Bureau Numbers (BuNo). All 50 H-25A/HUP-3 aircraft transferred from the US Army to the US Navy were given new bureau numbers; 3 aircraft transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy were redesignated, but retained their original US Army serial numbers.[8]

Canada[edit]

On display

Netherlands[edit]

  • UH-25B (HUP-2), 130076 (construction number 253) – Baris Business Park roadway roundabout in Rotterdam. This aircraft was originally used by the US Navy and was later transferred to the French Navy.[19]

United Kingdom[edit]

United States[edit]

On display
H-25A Army Mule
HUP-1
UH-25B (HUP-2)
UH-25C (HUP-3)
HUP-3 Retriever on display at the Air Zoo
Under restoration or in storage
UH-25B (HUP-2)
UH-25C (HUP-3)

Specifications (HUP-2)[edit]

Data from Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1956–57.[39]

General characteristics

  • Crew: two
  • Capacity: four passengers
  • Length: 56 ft 11 in (17.35 m)
  • Height: 13 ft 2 in (4.01 m)
  • Empty weight: 4,132 lb (1,874 kg)
  • Gross weight: 5,750 lb (2,608 kg)
  • Max takeoff weight: 6,100 lb (2,767 kg)
  • Powerplant: 1 × Continental R-975-46A 9-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engine, 550 hp (410 kW)
  • Main rotor diameter: 2 × 35 ft 0 in (10.67 m)
  • Main rotor area: 1,924.5 sq ft (178.79 m2) * Blade section: NACA 0012[40]

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 105 mph (169 km/h, 91 kn)
  • Cruise speed: 80 mph (130 km/h, 70 kn)
  • Range: 340 mi (550 km, 300 nmi)
  • Service ceiling: 10,000 ft (3,000 m)
  • Rate of climb: 1,000 ft/min (5.1 m/s)
  • Disk loading: 3 lb/sq ft (15 kg/m2)
  • Power/mass: 0.09 hp/lb (0.15 kW/kg)

See also[edit]

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

References[edit]

Notes
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Swanborough and Bowers 1976, p.461.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "HUP-1 Retriever/H-25 Army Mule Helicopter". boeing.com. Boeing. Retrieved 1 November 2018.
  3. ^ a b c d Devine, Vinny (10 April 2013). "S-53 (U.S.Navy (XHJS-1)". Sikorsky Product History. Igor Sikorsky Historical Archives. Retrieved 1 November 2018.
  4. ^ a b "Piasecki PV-14 XHJP-1 US Navy". 1000aircraftphotos.com. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  5. ^ Swanborough and Bowers 1976, pp.8–9.
  6. ^ Hearst Magazines (May 1954). "Radio Waves Hold Helicopter In Fixed Hovering Position". Popular Mechanics. Hearst Magazines. p. 122.
  7. ^ "Picture News: Watertight hull makes helicopter amphibious". Popular Science. Vol. 172, no. 2. February 1958. p. 149.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h Walker, R.W.R. "Royal Canadian Navy – HUP detailed list". Canadian Military Aircraft Serial Numbers. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
  9. ^ "Piasecki HUP-3". ingeniumcanada.org. Ingenium Canada - Canada Air and Space Museum. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
  10. ^ a b c d e f "Piasecki HUP-3". www.shearwateraviationmuseum.ns.ca. Shearwater Aviation Museum. Retrieved 1 November 2018.
  11. ^ a b Allnutt, Richard Mallory (25 December 2009). "Piasecki crash claims three lives". Aircraft Illustrated. Stamford, Lincolnshire, UK: Key Publishing Ltd. ISSN 0002-2675.
  12. ^ a b c NTSB Aviation Investigation Final Report (Report). National Transportation Safety Board. 18 July 2011. WPR10LA048. Retrieved 25 February 2023.
  13. ^ a b Harding 1990, pp. 197–198.
  14. ^ a b c d "Piasecki H-25 History". Boeing. Archived from the original on 2012-10-29. Retrieved 2013-02-02.
  15. ^ "Piasecki PV-18 (HUP/H-25/UH-25) (Photo)". pictaero.com. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
  16. ^ a b Skaarup, Howard (2009). Canadian Warplanes. Bloomington, Indiana: iUniverse. p. 520. ISBN 978-1-4401-6758-4.
  17. ^ "Piasecki HUP Retriever/51-16623." aerialvisuals.ca Retrieved: 5 May 2016.
  18. ^ Canada Aviation and Space Museum. "Piasecki HUP-3". techno-science.ca. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
  19. ^ "De helikopter" [The helicopter]. www.baris.nl (in Dutch). Baris Groep. 11 November 2013. Retrieved 1 November 2018.
  20. ^ "Piasecki HUP Retriever/622 RCN." aerialvisuals.ca Retrieved: 5 May 2016.
  21. ^ "Piasecki HUP Retriever/51-16616." aerialvisuals.ca Retrieved: 5 May 2016.
  22. ^ "Piasecki HUP Retriever/124915." aerialvisuals.ca Retrieved: 25 April 2017.
  23. ^ "Piasecki HUP Retriever/128479." aerialvisuals.ca Retrieved: 5 May 2016.
  24. ^ "Piasecki HUP-2 "Retriever"". Wings of Freedom Aviation Museum. Retrieved 26 August 2016.
  25. ^ "Piasecki HUP Retriever/128519." aerialvisuals.ca Retrieved: 5 May 2016.
  26. ^ "Piasecki HUP Retriever/128596." aerialvisuals.ca Retrieved: 5 May 2016.
  27. ^ "Piasecki HUP Retriever/130059." aerialvisuals.ca Retrieved: 5 May 2016.
  28. ^ "Piasecki HUP Retriever/130082." Daily Breeze Retrieved: 25 April 2017.
  29. ^ Pacific Battleship Center (2019). "New Exhibits". pacificbattleship.com. Archived from the original on 24 April 2020. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
  30. ^ "Piasecki HUP Retriever/147595." aerialvisuals.ca Retrieved: 5 May 2016.
  31. ^ "Piasecki HUP Retriever/147600". www.aerialvisuals.ca. Retrieved 2016-06-08.
  32. ^ "Piasecki HUP Retriever/147607." aerialvisuals.ca Retrieved: 5 May 2016.
  33. ^ "Piasecki HUP Retriever/147628." aerialvisuals.ca Retrieved: 5 May 2016.
  34. ^ Federal Aviation Administration (1 November 2018). "N-Number Inquiry Results N7089F". Retrieved 1 November 2018.
  35. ^ Federal Aviation Administration (16 December 2019). "Manufacturer Inquiry Results Piasecki". Archived from the original on 4 January 2020. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
  36. ^ a b "Bradley - Museum, Connecticut". Retrieved 20 September 2023.
  37. ^ "Piasecki HUP Retriever/130053." aerialvisuals.ca Retrieved: 15 July 2021.
  38. ^ "Piasecki HUP Retriever/147610." aerialvisuals.ca Retrieved: 5 May 2016.
  39. ^ Bridgman 1956, p. 345.
  40. ^ Lednicer, David. "The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage". m-selig.ae.illinois.edu. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
Bibliography
  • Bridgman, Leonard. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1956–57. New York: The McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1956.
  • Harding, Stephen. U.S. Army Aircraft Since 1947. Shrewsbury, UK:Airlife, 1990. ISBN 1-85310-102-8.
  • Swanborough, Gordon; Bowers, Peter M. (1976). United States Navy Aircraft since 1911 (2nd ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-968-5..

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Piasecki HUP Retriever.
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