Malva nicaeensis: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}}
{{taxobox
{{Speciesbox
|image = Malvanicaeensis.jpg
|image = Malvanicaeensis.jpg
⚫
|genus = Malva
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
⚫
|species = nicaeensis
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
⚫
|authority = [[Carlo Allioni|All.]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Malvales]]
|familia = [[Malvaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Malvoideae]]
⚫
|genus = ''[[Malva]]''
⚫
|species = '''''M. nicaeensis'''''
⚫
|binomial = ''Malva nicaeensis''
⚫
|binomial_authority = [[Carlo Allioni|All.]]
|synonyms = ''Malva arvensis''
|synonyms = ''Malva arvensis''
|}}
}}

'''''Malva nicaeensis''''' is a species of flowering plant in the [[Malvaceae|mallow family]] known by the common name '''bull mallow'''. It is native to Eurasia and North Africa, and it is known on other continents as an [[introduced species]] and sometimes a weed. It is an annual or biennial herb producing a hairy, upright stem up to 60 centimeters long. The leaves are up to 12 centimeters wide and have several slight lobes along the edges. Flowers appear in the leaf axils, each with pinkish to light purple petals around a centimeter long. The disc-shaped fruit has several segments.
'''''Malva nicaeensis''''' is a species of flowering plant in the [[mallow family]] known by the common names '''bull mallow'''<ref>{{PLANTS|id=MANI2|taxon=Malva nicaeensis|accessdate=27 January 2016}}</ref> and '''French mallow'''.<ref name=BSBI07>{{BSBI 2007 |access-date=2014-10-17 }}</ref>

==Description==
''Malva nicaeensis'' is an annual or biennial herb producing a hairy, upright stem up to 60 centimeters long.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Malva nicaeensis in Flora of North America @ efloras.org |url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=250023532 |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=www.efloras.org}}</ref> The leaves are up to 12 centimeters wide and have several slight lobes along the edges.

Flowers appear in the leaf axils, each with pinkish to light purple petals around a centimeter long. The disc-shaped fruit has several segments.

== Plant uses and properties ==
In the [[Levant]], mallows grow profusely after the first winter rains. The leaves and stems are edible, and are widely collected for food, as they make an excellent garnish when chopped and fried in olive-oil with onions and spices. In Israel, the plant is renowned for having fed the besieged Jewish population in the 1948 [[Battle for Jerusalem]], its use similar to [[spinach]]. A particularly famous preparation are the [[Khubeza patties]]. [[Apicius]], a collection of Roman cookery recipes, mentions [[garum]] being used as a [[Broth|fish stock]] to flavor cooked mallows.<ref>[[Apicius]], ''De Re Coquinaria'' (Book III, section [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Apicius/3*.html#VIII VIII])</ref>

== Botanical gallery ==
<gallery>
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 21.jpg|Plant form, general
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 24.jpg|Plant form closer
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 01.jpg|Epicalyx 3 broad segments, lacking stellate hairs
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 18.jpg|Flower, pinky with bold veins, may be paler
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 11.jpg|Flower showing calyx with 5 broad parts, epicalyx with 3 broad parts, sparsely hairy with simple hairs
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 03.jpg|Flower, petals without hairs, or with little, at centre
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 22.jpg|Central stigma
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 30.jpg|Petal, no hairs or scarcely so
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 12.jpg|Fruit, lightly hairy (may be hairless), showing wrinkles
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 06.jpg|Fruit, very hairy form
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 14.jpg|Flowers showing features together
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 28.jpg|Bracts
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 07.jpg|Plant area
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 08.jpg|Leafage area
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 15.jpg|Leaf
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 13.jpg|Leaf upperside
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 09.jpg|Leaf underside
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 16.jpg|Hairs generally simple with conspicuous bulbous bases (as M. sylvestris)
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 27.jpg|Plant base
File:Malva nicaeensis in Antalya by David Merrick 31.jpg|Plant base
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
* {{Commons-inline}}
*[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?5042,5084,5086 Jepson Manual Treatment]
* [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?5042,5084,5086 Jepson Manual Treatment]
*[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=MANI2 USDA Plants Profile]
* {{CalPhotos|Malva|nicaeensis}}
*[http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?105653 GRIN Species Profile]
* {{Calflora}}
*[http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?query_src=photos_index&where-taxon=Malva+nicaeensis Photo gallery]
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* {{PFAF|Malva nicaeensis}}
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[[Category:Malva]]

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{{Malvales-stub}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q4116860}}

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[[Category:Malva|nicee]]
[[Category:Flora of North Africa]]
[[Category:Flora of Western Asia]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Carlo Allioni]]
[[Category:Flora of Malta]]

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{{Malveae-stub}}

Latest revision as of 00:46, 29 March 2024

Malva nicaeensis
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Genus: Malva
Species:
M. nicaeensis
Binomial name
Malva nicaeensis
Synonyms

Malva arvensis

Malva nicaeensis is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family known by the common names bull mallow[1] and French mallow.[2]

Description[edit]

Malva nicaeensis is an annual or biennial herb producing a hairy, upright stem up to 60 centimeters long.[3] The leaves are up to 12 centimeters wide and have several slight lobes along the edges.

Flowers appear in the leaf axils, each with pinkish to light purple petals around a centimeter long. The disc-shaped fruit has several segments.

Plant uses and properties[edit]

In the Levant, mallows grow profusely after the first winter rains. The leaves and stems are edible, and are widely collected for food, as they make an excellent garnish when chopped and fried in olive-oil with onions and spices. In Israel, the plant is renowned for having fed the besieged Jewish population in the 1948 Battle for Jerusalem, its use similar to spinach. A particularly famous preparation are the Khubeza patties. Apicius, a collection of Roman cookery recipes, mentions garum being used as a fish stock to flavor cooked mallows.[4]

Botanical gallery[edit]

  • Plant form, general
    Plant form, general
  • Plant form closer
    Plant form closer
  • Epicalyx 3 broad segments, lacking stellate hairs
    Epicalyx 3 broad segments, lacking stellate hairs
  • Flower, pinky with bold veins, may be paler
    Flower, pinky with bold veins, may be paler
  • Flower showing calyx with 5 broad parts, epicalyx with 3 broad parts, sparsely hairy with simple hairs
    Flower showing calyx with 5 broad parts, epicalyx with 3 broad parts, sparsely hairy with simple hairs
  • Flower, petals without hairs, or with little, at centre
    Flower, petals without hairs, or with little, at centre
  • Central stigma
    Central stigma
  • Petal, no hairs or scarcely so
    Petal, no hairs or scarcely so
  • Fruit, lightly hairy (may be hairless), showing wrinkles
    Fruit, lightly hairy (may be hairless), showing wrinkles
  • Fruit, very hairy form
    Fruit, very hairy form
  • Flowers showing features together
    Flowers showing features together
  • Bracts
    Bracts
  • Plant area
    Plant area
  • Leafage area
    Leafage area
  • Leaf
    Leaf
  • Leaf upperside
    Leaf upperside
  • Leaf underside
    Leaf underside
  • Hairs generally simple with conspicuous bulbous bases (as M. sylvestris)
    Hairs generally simple with conspicuous bulbous bases (as M. sylvestris)
  • Plant base
    Plant base
  • Plant base
    Plant base

References[edit]

  1. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Malva nicaeensis". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
  2. ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  3. ^ "Malva nicaeensis in Flora of North America @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2023-08-17.
  4. ^ Apicius, De Re Coquinaria (Book III, section VIII)

External links[edit]

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