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{{short description|American technology company}}
{{short description|American technology company}}
{{COI|date=December 2013}}
{{Infobox company
{{Infobox company
| name = Bread Financial Holdings, Inc.
| name = Bread Financial Holdings, Inc.
| logo =
| logo = Bread Financial.jpg
| logo_size = 240px
| logo_size = 240px
| caption =
| caption =
| former_name = Alliance Data Systems Corporation (1996–2022)
| former_name = Alliance Data Systems Corporation (1996–2022)
| type = [[Public company]]
| type = [[Public company|Public]]
| traded_as = {{ubl|{{NYSE|BFH}}|[[S&P 600]] component}}
| traded_as = {{ubl|{{NYSE|BFH}}|[[S&P 600]] component}}
| fate =
| fate =
| predecessor =
| predecessor =
| successor =
| successor =
| founded = {{Start date and age|1983|04|22}}
| founded = {{Start date and age|1983|04|22}}
| founder =
| founder =
| defunct =
| defunct =
| location_city = [[Columbus, Ohio]]
| location_city = [[Columbus, Ohio]]
| location_country = U.S.
| location_country = U.S.
| location =
| location =
| locations =
| locations =
| area_served = {{ubl|Canada|United States}}
| area_served = {{ubl|United States}}
| key_people = Ralph Andretta<br />([[President (corporate title)|President]] & [[CEO]])
| key_people = Ralph Andretta ([[President (corporate title)|president]] & [[Chief executive officer|CEO]])
| industry = Financial services
| industry = financial services
| products = Credit cards
| products = Credit cards
| services =
| services =
| revenue = {{decrease}} {{US$|4.521 billion|link=yes}} (2020)
| revenue = {{decrease}} {{US$|4.521 billion|link=yes}} (2020)
| operating_income = {{decrease}} {{US$|888.4 million}} (2020)
| operating_income = {{decrease}} {{US$|888.4 million}} (2020)
| net_income = {{decrease}} {{US$|213.7 million}} (2020)
| net_income = {{decrease}} {{US$|213.7 million}} (2020)
| assets = {{nowrap|{{decrease}} {{US$|22.547 billion}} (2020)}}
| assets = {{nowrap|{{decrease}} {{US$|22.547 billion}} (2020)}}
| equity = {{decrease}} {{US$|1.521 billion}} (2020)
| equity = {{decrease}} {{US$|1.521 billion}} (2020)
| num_employees = ~6,000 worldwide (2020)
| num_employees = ~8,000 worldwide (2023)
| parent =
| parent =
| divisions =
| divisions =
| subsid = {{ubl|[[LoyaltyOne]]|Alliance Data Retail Services|Comenity Bank|Comenity Capital Bank}}
| subsid = {{ubl|Comenity Bank|Comenity Capital Bank}}
| website = {{url|breadfinancial.com}}
| website = {{url|breadfinancial.com}}
| footnotes = <ref name="10-K">{{cite web|url=https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1101215/000110121521000036/ads-20201231x10k.htm |title=Alliance Data Systems Corporation 2020 Annual Report (Form 10-K) |date=February 26, 2021 |publisher=[[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]] |website=sec.gov}}</ref>
| footnotes = <ref name="10-K">{{cite web|url=https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1101215/000110121521000036/ads-20201231x10k.htm |title=Alliance Data Systems Corporation 2020 Annual Report (Form 10-K) |date=February 26, 2021 |publisher=[[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]] |website=sec.gov}}</ref>
}}
}}


'''Bread Financial Holdings, Inc.''' is an American publicly traded provider of loyalty and marketing services, such as [[private label]] credit cards, coalition [[loyalty programs]], and [[direct marketing]], derived from the capture and analysis of transaction-rich data.
'''Bread Financial Holdings, Inc.''' is an American publicly-traded provider of loyalty and marketing services, such as [[private label]] credit cards, coalition [[loyalty programs]], and [[direct marketing]], derived from the capture and analysis of transaction-rich data.


==History==
==History==
⚫
[[File:Alliance Data's Plano,TX Headquarters Building.jpg|thumb|Former headquarters in Plano, TX]]Alliance Data was formed from the December 1996 [[merger]] of two entities: [[J.C. Penney]]'s credit card processing unit and [[The Limited]]'s credit card bank operation, named World Financial Network National Bank.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessweek.com/it100/2006/99.htm |title=The InfoTech 100 Companies: Alliance Data Systems Profile |publisher=Businessweek.com |date=2006-05-31 |access-date=2010-07-01| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100627061717/http://www.businessweek.com/it100/2006/99.htm| archive-date= 27 June 2010 | url-status= dead}}</ref>
[[File:Alliance Data's Plano,TX Headquarters Building.jpg|thumb|Former headquarters in Plano, TX]]
[[File:Bread Financial.jpg|thumb|Bread Financial Logo]]


⚫
In August 1998, Alliance Data acquired [[LoyaltyOne]], then-branded The Loyalty Group Canada, for $250 million.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.roystephenson.co.uk/loyalty.doc|title=The Value of Loyalty|year=2008}}{{Dead link|date=October 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The deal gave Alliance Data two valuable business enhancements, Canada's Air Miles Rewards Program and the company behind the popular Air Miles program, LoyaltyOne.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.strategyonline.ca/articles/magazine/19980803/22356.html|title=U.S. database specialist buys The Loyalty Group|date=1998-08-03}}</ref>
⚫
Alliance Data was formed from the December 1996 [[merger]] of two entities: [[J.C. Penney]]'s credit card processing unit and [[The Limited]]'s credit card bank operation, named World Financial Network National Bank.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessweek.com/it100/2006/99.htm |title=The InfoTech 100 Companies: Alliance Data Systems Profile |publisher=Businessweek.com |date=2006-05-31 |access-date=2010-07-01| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100627061717/http://www.businessweek.com/it100/2006/99.htm| archive-date= 27 June 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref>


In 2001, Alliance Data went public.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Molinari |first1=Elena |title=Alliance Data Debuts After 18-Month Wait |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB992025189133296533 |website=[[Wall Street Journal]] |date=June 8, 2001}}</ref>
⚫
In August 1998, Alliance Data acquired [[LoyaltyOne]], then-branded The Loyalty Group Canada, for $250 million.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.roystephenson.co.uk/loyalty.doc|title=The Value of Loyalty|year=2008}}{{Dead link|date=October 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The deal gave Alliance Data two valuable business enhancements, Canada's Air Miles Rewards Program and the company behind the popular Air Miles program, LoyaltyOne.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.strategyonline.ca/articles/magazine/19980803/22356.html|title=U.S. database specialist buys The Loyalty Group|date=1998-08-03}}</ref>


In May 2007, [[The Blackstone Group]], a private equity firm, announced plans to acquire Alliance Data.<ref>{{cite news|author1=Michael Flaherty |author2=Caroline Humer |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSWNAS180020070517 |title=Blackstone to buy Alliance Data for $6.76 billion |publisher=Reuters |date= 2007-05-17|access-date=2010-07-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.paymentsnews.com/2007/05/alliance_data_t.html |title=Alliance Data To Be Acquired by The Blackstone Group |publisher=Paymentsnews.com |access-date=2010-07-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715060707/http://www.paymentsnews.com/2007/05/alliance_data_t.html |archive-date=2011-07-15 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In April 2008, Alliance Data terminated the merger agreement with Blackstone Affiliates.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/09/business/09data.html | work=The New York Times | title=Alliance Data Drops Suit to Force Deal | date=2008-02-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.paymentsnews.com/2008/04/alliance-data-t.html |title=Alliance Data Terminates Merger Agreement with Blackstone Affiliates |publisher=Paymentsnews.com |access-date=2010-07-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715060726/http://www.paymentsnews.com/2008/04/alliance-data-t.html |archive-date=2011-07-15 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
In May 2007, [[The Blackstone Group]], a private equity firm, announced plans to acquire Alliance Data.<ref>{{cite news|author1=Michael Flaherty |author2=Caroline Humer |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSWNAS180020070517 |title=Blackstone to buy Alliance Data for $6.76 billion |publisher=Reuters |date= 2007-05-17|access-date=2010-07-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.paymentsnews.com/2007/05/alliance_data_t.html |title=Alliance Data To Be Acquired by The Blackstone Group |publisher=Paymentsnews.com |access-date=2010-07-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715060707/http://www.paymentsnews.com/2007/05/alliance_data_t.html |archive-date=2011-07-15 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In April 2008, Alliance Data terminated the merger agreement with Blackstone Affiliates.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/09/business/09data.html | work=The New York Times | title=Alliance Data Drops Suit to Force Deal | date=2008-02-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.paymentsnews.com/2008/04/alliance-data-t.html |title=Alliance Data Terminates Merger Agreement with Blackstone Affiliates |publisher=Paymentsnews.com |access-date=2010-07-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715060726/http://www.paymentsnews.com/2008/04/alliance-data-t.html |archive-date=2011-07-15 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
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Ed Heffernan was promoted to president and CEO of Alliance Data in February 2009, after being with the company since 1998.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://people.forbes.com/profile/edward-j-heffernan/3109 |title=Forbes Profile on Ed Heffernan |work=Forbes.com |access-date=2010-11-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110129065423/http://people.forbes.com/profile/edward-j-heffernan/3109 |archive-date=2011-01-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://dallas.bizjournals.com/dallas/stories/2010/01/11/tidbits1.html |title=Alliance Data CEO Ed Heffernan taps into his M&A expertise to take big risks in a tough economy |publisher=www.bizjournals.com/dallas/ |date=2010-01-10 |access-date=2010-11-22 |first=Shashana |last=Pearson-Hormillosa}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tradingmarkets.com/.site/news/TOP%20STORY/2183236/ |title=Alliance Data promotes CFO Edward Heffernan to president, CEO; Michael Parks to continue as chairman - update |publisher=tradingmarkets.com |date=2009-02-18 |access-date=2010-11-22 }}{{Dead link|date=October 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
Ed Heffernan was promoted to president and CEO of Alliance Data in February 2009, after being with the company since 1998.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://people.forbes.com/profile/edward-j-heffernan/3109 |title=Forbes Profile on Ed Heffernan |work=Forbes.com |access-date=2010-11-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110129065423/http://people.forbes.com/profile/edward-j-heffernan/3109 |archive-date=2011-01-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://dallas.bizjournals.com/dallas/stories/2010/01/11/tidbits1.html |title=Alliance Data CEO Ed Heffernan taps into his M&A expertise to take big risks in a tough economy |publisher=www.bizjournals.com/dallas/ |date=2010-01-10 |access-date=2010-11-22 |first=Shashana |last=Pearson-Hormillosa}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tradingmarkets.com/.site/news/TOP%20STORY/2183236/ |title=Alliance Data promotes CFO Edward Heffernan to president, CEO; Michael Parks to continue as chairman - update |publisher=tradingmarkets.com |date=2009-02-18 |access-date=2010-11-22 }}{{Dead link|date=October 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>


On June 7, 2019, Ed Heffernan resigned as CEO of Alliance Data and was replaced by Melisa Miller, who previously ran Alliance Data's Card Services division. This change in leadership effectively moved Alliance Data's Headquarters from Plano, TX to Columbus, OH.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/alliance-data-announces-organizational-changes-203000887.html |title=Alliance Data Announces Organizational Changes |publisher=Yahoo Finance |access-date=2019-06-10 }}</ref>
On June 7, 2019, Ed Heffernan resigned as CEO of Alliance Data and was replaced by Melisa Miller, who previously ran Alliance Data's Card Services division. This change in leadership effectively moved Alliance Data's Headquarters from [[Plano, Texas]], to [[Columbus, Ohio]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/alliance-data-announces-organizational-changes-203000887.html |title=Alliance Data Announces Organizational Changes |publisher=Yahoo Finance |access-date=2019-06-10 }}</ref>


Melisa Miller held the role for roughly 6 months before being replaced by former CITI executive Ralph Andretta. The current Headquarters is located in Columbus, OH, with 5 additional locations throughout the nation, as well as in Bangalore, India. After the acquisition of Bread finance, Alliance Data decided to divest Loyalty One and Brand Loyalty into their own publicly traded entity known as Loyalty Ventures.{{citation needed|date=November 2021}} Alliance Data changed its name to Bread Financial Holdings, Inc. on March 23, 2022, and its ticker symbol from "ADS" to "BFH" effective April 4, 2022.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.finance.yahoo.com/news/alliance-data-now-bread-financial-161109983.html |title=Alliance Data is now Bread Financial™ |website=www.finance.yahoo.com |access-date=24 March 2022}}</ref>
Melisa Miller held the role for roughly 6 months before being replaced by former CITI executive Ralph Andretta. In 2019, Alliance Data opened its first international office in [[Bangalore|Bangalore, India]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sarkar |first1=Brinda |title=Alliance Data's card services business opens office in Bengaluru |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/newsbuzz/alliance-datas-card-services-business-opens-office-in-bengaluru/articleshow/70259048.cms |website=[[The Economic Times]]|date=17 July 2019 }}</ref>


In November 2021, Alliance Data completed the separation of its LoyaltyOne segment, consisting of the Canadian AIR MILES Reward Program and Netherlands-based BrandLoyalty businesses, into an independent, publicly traded company, Loyalty Ventures Inc.<ref name="American Banker">{{cite web |last1=Fitzgerald |first1=Kate |title=Alliance Data becomes Bread, taking buy now/pay later unit's name |url=https://www.americanbanker.com/payments/news/alliance-data-becomes-bread-taking-buy-now-pay-later-units-name |website=[[American Banker]] |date=March 23, 2022}}</ref> In March 2022, Alliance Data rebranded as Bread Financial as part of an effort to streamline their business model into a tech-forward financial services company providing a wider range of financial options.<ref name="American Banker"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.finance.yahoo.com/news/alliance-data-now-bread-financial-161109983.html |title=Alliance Data is now Bread Financial™ |website=www.finance.yahoo.com |date=23 March 2022 |access-date=24 March 2022}}</ref>
==Businesses==

==Former businesses==


===Alliance Data Card Services===
===Alliance Data Card Services===
Card Services is a provider of integrated credit and marketing services including private label, co-branded and commercial credit card programs. Alliance Data Card Services manages over 135<ref>{{cite news|last=ADS|url=http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=120991&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1836491 |title=Client News Release}}</ref> card programs for retail brands such as [[Victoria’s Secret]], [[J.Crew]], [[Eddie Bauer]], [[Buckle (clothing retailer)|Buckle]], [[Home Shopping Network|HSN]], [[Pottery Barn]], [[Pier 1 Imports]], [[Lexus]], [[Toyota]], [[Williams Sonoma]] and [[Wayfair]] among many others.<ref name=Pimlott2007>{{cite news|last=Pimlott|first=Daniel|title=Blackstone seals $8bn deal for credit card group ADS|url=http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/e9895eca-04db-11dc-80ed-000b5df10621.html#axzz2BSkXWkOF|access-date=6 November 2012|newspaper=Financial Times|date=18 May 2007}}</ref>
Card Services is a provider of integrated credit and marketing services including private label, co-branded and commercial credit card programs. Alliance Data Card Services manages over 135<ref>{{cite news|last=ADS|url=http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=120991&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1836491 |title=Client News Release}}</ref> card programs for retail brands such as [[Victoria’s Secret]], [[J.Crew]], [[Eddie Bauer]], [[Buckle (clothing retailer)|Buckle]], [[Home Shopping Network|HSN]], [[Pottery Barn]], [[Pier 1 Imports]], [[Lexus]], [[Toyota]], [[Williams Sonoma]] and [[Wayfair]] among many others.<ref name=Pimlott2007>{{cite news|last=Pimlott|first=Daniel|title=Blackstone seals $8bn deal for credit card group ADS|url=http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/e9895eca-04db-11dc-80ed-000b5df10621.html#axzz2BSkXWkOF|access-date=6 November 2012|newspaper=Financial Times|date=18 May 2007}}</ref>


In 2011, Alliance Data, in partnership with NICE Systems, was honored with the Operational Leadership Award for its customer care centers by Ventana Research.<ref>{{cite news|work= Ventana Research website|year= 2011|title= Announcing the Ventana Research 2011 Leadership Awards|url= http://www.ventanaresearch.com/awards2011|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160530031101/http://www.ventanaresearch.com/awards2011/|archive-date= 2016-05-30|url-status= dead}}</ref>
In 2011, Alliance Data, in partnership with [[NICE Systems]], was honored with the Operational Leadership Award for its customer care centers by Ventana Research.<ref>{{cite news|work= Ventana Research website|year= 2011|title= Announcing the Ventana Research 2011 Leadership Awards|url= http://www.ventanaresearch.com/awards2011|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160530031101/http://www.ventanaresearch.com/awards2011/|archive-date= 2016-05-30|url-status= dead}}</ref>


Alliance Data Card Services maintains two banks to manage the funding and receivables for its clients' credit programs. In September 2012, the banks rebranded their names from WFNNB (World Financial Network [National] Bank) and WFCB (World Financial Capital Bank) to both operate under the Comenity name, as '''Comenity Bank''' and '''Comenity Capital Bank''', respectively.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapid=36704 |title=Comenity Bank: Private Company Information - Businessweek |publisher=Investing.businessweek.com |access-date=2014-03-13}}</ref>
Alliance Data Card Services maintains two banks to manage the funding and receivables for its clients' credit programs. In September 2012, the banks rebranded their names from WFNNB (World Financial Network [National] Bank) and WFCB (World Financial Capital Bank) to both operate under the Comenity name, as '''Comenity Bank''' and '''Comenity Capital Bank''', respectively.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapid=36704 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110709165012/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=36704 |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 9, 2011 |title=Comenity Bank: Private Company Information - Businessweek |publisher=Investing.businessweek.com |access-date=2014-03-13}}</ref>


===LoyaltyOne===
===LoyaltyOne===
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===Epsilon===
===Epsilon===
Epsilon provides a broad range of loyalty marketing services spanning database marketing, direct mail, [[email marketing]], web development, loyalty programs, analytics, data services, strategic consulting and creative services, among others.
Epsilon provides a broad range of loyalty marketing services spanning database marketing, direct mail, [[email marketing]], web development, loyalty programs, analytics, data services, strategic consulting, and creative services, among others.


''[[Ad Age]]'' has ranked Epsilon among the top marketing services firms and direct marketing agencies for several years, and Epsilon has the distinction as being the Top US Agency From All Disciplines and Top US CRM/Direct Marketing Agencies for 2012.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.epsilon.com/about-us/awards-accolades |title=Awards & Accolades |publisher=Epsilon |access-date=2014-03-13}}</ref>
''[[Ad Age]]'' has ranked Epsilon among the top marketing services firms and direct marketing agencies for several years, and Epsilon has the distinction as being the Top US Agency From All Disciplines and Top US CRM/Direct Marketing Agencies for 2012.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.epsilon.com/about-us/awards-accolades |title=Awards & Accolades |publisher=Epsilon |access-date=2014-03-13}}</ref>
<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.directagency.com/news/may052008.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2010-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710130627/http://www.directagency.com/news/may052008.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-10 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://www.vml.com/common/Ad_Age_Top_20_Digital_Agencies_2008.pdf] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717230045/http://www.vml.com/common/Ad_Age_Top_20_Digital_Agencies_2008.pdf|date=July 17, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://adage.coverleaf.com/advertisingage/20100426?pg=34 |title=Advertising Age - April 26, 2010 |publisher=Adage.coverleaf.com |date=2010-04-26 |access-date=2010-07-01}}</ref> It sends billions of permission-based emails every year.<ref name=Reuters>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-citi-capitalone-data-idUSTRE7321PI20110403 |title=More customers exposed as big data breach grows |publisher=[[Reuters]] | date=2011-04-03}}</ref> Acquired by Epsilon in 2011,<ref>{{cite news |last=Elliott|first=Stuart|url=http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/04/25/epsilon-to-acquire-aspen-marketing-services/ |title=Epsilon to Acquire Aspen Marketing Services|date=25 April 2011 |department=Media Decoder |work=The New York Times |access-date=8 September 2012}}</ref> Aspen Marketing Services is a marketing services agency headquartered in Chicago, Illinois<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.destinationcrm.com/Articles/ReadArticle.aspx?ArticleID=42881 |title=Aspen Marketing Services Acquires Newgen Results Corp. |date=1 October 2007|publisher=destinationcrm.com|access-date=8 September 2012}}</ref> with locations in the United States and Canada. In 2012, Epsilon reached an agreement to acquire the Hyper Marketing ("HMI") group of companies, the largest privately held digital marketing services agencies in the United States, for about $460 million.
<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.directagency.com/news/may052008.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2010-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710130627/http://www.directagency.com/news/may052008.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-10 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://www.vml.com/common/Ad_Age_Top_20_Digital_Agencies_2008.pdf] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717230045/http://www.vml.com/common/Ad_Age_Top_20_Digital_Agencies_2008.pdf|date=July 17, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://adage.coverleaf.com/advertisingage/20100426?pg=34 |title=Advertising Age - April 26, 2010 |publisher=Adage.coverleaf.com |date=2010-04-26 |access-date=2010-07-01}}</ref> It sends billions of permission-based emails every year.<ref name=Reuters>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-citi-capitalone-data-idUSTRE7321PI20110403 |title=More customers exposed as big data breach grows |publisher=[[Reuters]] | date=2011-04-03}}</ref> Acquired by Epsilon in 2011,<ref>{{cite news |last=Elliott|first=Stuart|url=http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/04/25/epsilon-to-acquire-aspen-marketing-services/ |title=Epsilon to Acquire Aspen Marketing Services|date=25 April 2011 |department=Media Decoder |work=The New York Times |access-date=8 September 2012}}</ref> Aspen Marketing Services is a marketing services agency headquartered in [[Chicago]], Illinois,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.destinationcrm.com/Articles/ReadArticle.aspx?ArticleID=42881 |title=Aspen Marketing Services Acquires Newgen Results Corp. |date=1 October 2007|publisher=destinationcrm.com|access-date=8 September 2012}}</ref> with locations in the United States and Canada. In 2012, Epsilon reached an agreement to acquire the Hyper Marketing ("HMI") group of companies, the largest privately held digital marketing services agencies in the United States, for about $460 million.


In March 2011, Epsilon detected unauthorized access to its email database, resulting in the theft of email addresses of its clients' customers.<ref>{{cite news |publisher=Security Week |date=2 April 2011 |access-date=3 March 2012 |title=Massive Breach at Epsilon Compromises Customer Lists of Major Brands |url=http://www.securityweek.com/massive-breach-epsilon-compromises-customer-lists-major-brands}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |work=PC World |date=5 April 2011 |access-date=3 March 2012 |title=Epsilon Data Breach: Expect a Surge in Spear Phishing Attacks |url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/224192/epsilon_data_breach_expect_a_surge_in_spear_phishing_attacks.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|work=The Australian|date=7 April 2011|access-date=3 March 2012|title=Epsilon email security breach widens |url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/australian-it/epsilon-email-security-breach-widens/story-e6frgakx-1226035279855}}</ref>
In March 2011, Epsilon detected unauthorized access to its email database, resulting in the theft of email addresses of its clients' customers.<ref>{{cite news |publisher=Security Week |date=2 April 2011 |access-date=3 March 2012 |title=Massive Breach at Epsilon Compromises Customer Lists of Major Brands |url=http://www.securityweek.com/massive-breach-epsilon-compromises-customer-lists-major-brands}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |work=PC World |date=5 April 2011 |access-date=3 March 2012 |title=Epsilon Data Breach: Expect a Surge in Spear Phishing Attacks |url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/224192/epsilon_data_breach_expect_a_surge_in_spear_phishing_attacks.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|work=The Australian|date=7 April 2011|access-date=3 March 2012|title=Epsilon email security breach widens |url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/australian-it/epsilon-email-security-breach-widens/story-e6frgakx-1226035279855}}</ref>
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In March 2014, ''[[60 Minutes]]'' interviewed Bryan Kennedy, chairman and CEO of Epsilon, as part of its segment, "The Data Brokers: Selling Your Personal Information".<ref name="60 Minutes: The Data Brokers">{{cite news |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/the-data-brokers-selling-your-personal-information/ |title=The Data Brokers: Selling Your Personal Information |first=Steve |last=Kroft |author-link=Steve Kroft |others=Graham Messick and Maria Gavrilovic, producers |date=2014-03-09 |work=[[60 Minutes]] |publisher=[[CBS Productions]] |access-date=2014-03-14}}</ref>
In March 2014, ''[[60 Minutes]]'' interviewed Bryan Kennedy, chairman and CEO of Epsilon, as part of its segment, "The Data Brokers: Selling Your Personal Information".<ref name="60 Minutes: The Data Brokers">{{cite news |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/the-data-brokers-selling-your-personal-information/ |title=The Data Brokers: Selling Your Personal Information |first=Steve |last=Kroft |author-link=Steve Kroft |others=Graham Messick and Maria Gavrilovic, producers |date=2014-03-09 |work=[[60 Minutes]] |publisher=[[CBS Productions]] |access-date=2014-03-14}}</ref>


In April 2019, Publicis Groupe acquired Epsilon for $4.4 billion. This was the second biggest deal in the history of advertising, behind only Dentsu's $5 billion acquisition of Aegis Group in 2012.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/14/publicis-to-buy-epsilon-for-4point4-billion.html |title=Publicis announces $4.4 billion deal to acquire data marketing company Epsilon |first=Megan |last=Graham |author-link=Megan Graham |others=Graham Messick and Maria Gavrilovic, producers |date=April 14, 2019 |publisher=[[CNBC]] |access-date=2019-04-14}}</ref>
In April 2019, Publicis Groupe announced it would be acquiring Epsilon for $4.4 billion. This was the second biggest deal in the history of advertising, behind only Dentsu's $5 billion acquisition of Aegis Group in 2012.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/14/publicis-to-buy-epsilon-for-4point4-billion.html |title=Publicis announces $4.4 billion deal to acquire data marketing company Epsilon |first=Megan |last=Graham |author-link=Megan Graham |others=Graham Messick and Maria Gavrilovic, producers |date=April 14, 2019 |publisher=[[CNBC]] |access-date=2019-04-14}}</ref>


==Controversy==
==Controversy==


In 2010 Epsilon failed to heed warnings to secure data.<ref name="darkreading.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.darkreading.com/attacks-and-breaches/epsilon-fell-to-spear-phishing-attack/d/d-id/1097119?|title=Epsilon Fell To Spear-Phishing Attack|work=Dark Reading|date=4 November 2011}}</ref> In March 2011 it was discovered that email addresses from customers of 50 client companies were stolen.<ref name="darkreading.com"/> The company quickly notified the public about the breach.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702303499204576389773023983518|title=Firms Adjust to Hacks|newspaper=Wall Street Journal|date=17 June 2011}}</ref> In June 2011 company executives were called before Congress to answer questions about the security breach.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.corpcounsel.com/id=1202499334281?slreturn=20150125052601|title=Epsilon Data Management GC on How to Handle Data Breaches|author =Sue Reisinger|work=Corporate Counsel}}</ref>
In 2010 Epsilon failed to heed warnings to secure data.<ref name="darkreading.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.darkreading.com/attacks-and-breaches/epsilon-fell-to-spear-phishing-attack/d/d-id/1097119?|title=Epsilon Fell To Spear-Phishing Attack|work=Dark Reading|date=4 November 2011}}</ref> In March 2011 it was discovered that email addresses from customers of 50 client companies were stolen.<ref name="darkreading.com"/> The company quickly notified the public about the breach.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702303499204576389773023983518|title=Firms Adjust to Hacks|newspaper=Wall Street Journal|date=17 June 2011}}</ref> In June 2011 company executives were called before Congress to answer questions about the security breach.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.corpcounsel.com/id=1202499334281?slreturn=20150125052601|title=Epsilon Data Management GC on How to Handle Data Breaches|author =Sue Reisinger|work=Corporate Counsel}}</ref>

==Products and Technology==
In October 2020, Alliance Data launched Enhanced Digital Suite.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lucas |first1=Peter |title=Alliance Data Shifts Its In-House Private-Label Processing Operations to Fiserv |url=https://www.digitaltransactions.net/alliance-data-shifts-its-in-house-private-label-processing-operations-to-fiserv/ |website=Digital Transactions |date=October 22, 2020}}</ref>

In October 2020, Alliance Data selected Fiserv for Credit Processing Services.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ghose |first1=Carrie |title=Alliance Data investing $100M in digital tech including buy-now-pay-later |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/columbus/news/2021/10/28/alliance-data-invest-100m-digital-tech.html |website=Columbus Business Journal |date=October 28, 2021}}</ref>

In 2021, Alliance Data invested $100M in digital technologies to expand consumer credit options beyond retail deals and cards.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ghose |first1=Carrie |title=Alliance Data renames itself for fintech acquisition |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/columbus/news/2022/03/23/alliance-data-now-bread.html |website=Columbus Business Journal |date=March 23, 2022}}</ref>

In April 2022, Bread Financial partnered with [[American Express]] and launched the Bread Cashback American Express Credit Card.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Holzhauer |first1=Brett |title=American Express and Bread Financial announce new 2% cash-back credit card |url=https://www.cnbc.com/select/american-express-bread-financial-new-cash-back-credit-card/ |website=CNBC |date=April 21, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Frankel |first1=Robin Saks |last2=Adams |first2=Dia |title=Bread Cashback American Express Card 2022 Review |url=https://www.forbes.com/advisor/credit-cards/reviews/bread-cashback-american-express/ |website=Forbes |date=July 6, 2022}}</ref>


==Company acquisitions and divestitures==
==Company acquisitions and divestitures==
Line 99: Line 108:
* 2008: [[Heartland Payment Systems]] acquired Alliance Data's Network Services business.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.csnews.com/csn/technology/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003800649 |title=Convenience Store News |publisher=Csnews.com |access-date=2010-07-01 }}{{Dead link|date=October 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
* 2008: [[Heartland Payment Systems]] acquired Alliance Data's Network Services business.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.csnews.com/csn/technology/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003800649 |title=Convenience Store News |publisher=Csnews.com |access-date=2010-07-01 }}{{Dead link|date=October 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
* 2008: [[Vertex (company)|Vertex]] acquired Alliance Data’s Utility Services business.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riskcenter.com/story.php?id=16835 |title=Energy Risk - Vertex Acquires Alliance Data Utilities, an Interview with John Hall @ RiskCenter: A Financial Risk Management Media Company |publisher=Riskcenter.com |access-date=2010-07-01}}</ref>
* 2008: [[Vertex (company)|Vertex]] acquired Alliance Data’s Utility Services business.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riskcenter.com/story.php?id=16835 |title=Energy Risk - Vertex Acquires Alliance Data Utilities, an Interview with John Hall @ RiskCenter: A Financial Risk Management Media Company |publisher=Riskcenter.com |access-date=2010-07-01}}</ref>
* 2011: [[Aspen Marketing Services]] was acquired by Alliance Data (to be a part of Epsilon).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/alliance-datas-epsilon-business-to-acquire-aspen-marketing-services-the-nations-largest-independently-owned-marketing-services-agency-120594154.html |title=Alliance Data's Epsilon Business to Acquire Aspen Marketing Services |publisher=prnewswire.com |access-date=2012-07-18}}</ref>
* 2011: [[Aspen Marketing Services]] was acquired by Alliance Data (to be a part of Epsilon).<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/alliance-datas-epsilon-business-to-acquire-aspen-marketing-services-the-nations-largest-independently-owned-marketing-services-agency-120594154.html |title=Alliance Data's Epsilon Business to Acquire Aspen Marketing Services |publisher=prnewswire.com |access-date=2012-07-18}}</ref>
* 2012: Alliance Data acquired the $475 million private label credit card portfolio of [[The Bon-Ton]] Stores, Inc.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-alliancedata-bonton-idUSBRE85I0OX20120619 |title=Alliance Data to buy Bon-Ton's credit card portfolio |publisher=Reuters |date= 2012-06-19|access-date=2012-06-19}}</ref>
* 2012: Alliance Data acquired the $475 million private label credit card portfolio of [[The Bon-Ton]] Stores, Inc.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-alliancedata-bonton-idUSBRE85I0OX20120619 |title=Alliance Data to buy Bon-Ton's credit card portfolio |publisher=Reuters |date= 2012-06-19|access-date=2012-06-19}}</ref>
* 2012: Epsilon acquires Hyper Marketing and agencies Ryan Partnership & Catapult.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dmnews.com/epsilon-goes-omnichannel-with-its-acquisition-of-hyper-marketing/article/267757/ |title=Epsilon goes omnichannel with its acquisition of Hyper Marketing |publisher=DMNews |date=2012-11-09}}</ref>
* 2012: Epsilon acquires Hyper Marketing and agencies Ryan Partnership & Catapult.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dmnews.com/epsilon-goes-omnichannel-with-its-acquisition-of-hyper-marketing/article/267757/ |title=Epsilon goes omnichannel with its acquisition of Hyper Marketing |publisher=DMNews |date=2012-11-09}}</ref>
* 2014: AD acquired Conversant Formerly known as ValueClick; Conversant specialized in the affiliate marketing business, which revolved around video and mobile channels.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kaye |first1=Kate |title=Epsilon CEO: Buying Conversant Will Help Connect Cross-Channel Dots |url=https://adage.com/article/datadriven-marketing/epsilon-ceo-conversant-buy-boost-cross-channel-chops/294957 |website=[[Ad Age]] |date=September 16, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Garland |first1=Chad |title=Alliance Data to acquire Conversant for $2.3 billion |url=https://www.latimes.com/business/realestate/la-fi-conversant-sale-20140912-story.html |website=Los Angeles Times |date=September 11, 2014}}</ref>
* 2014: Alliance Data acquires BrandLoyalty.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.brandloyalty-int.com/en-GB/press-%26-events/press-releases/id-498/alliance-data-acquires-60-percent-of-brandloyalty/ |title=Alliance Data Acquires 60 Percent of BrandLoyalty |publisher=BrandLoyalty |date=November 6, 2013 |access-date=2015-02-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204172540/http://www.brandloyalty-int.com/en-GB/press-%26-events/press-releases/id-498/alliance-data-acquires-60-percent-of-brandloyalty/ |archive-date=2015-02-04 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 2014: Alliance Data acquires BrandLoyalty.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.brandloyalty-int.com/en-GB/press-%26-events/press-releases/id-498/alliance-data-acquires-60-percent-of-brandloyalty/ |title=Alliance Data Acquires 60 Percent of BrandLoyalty |publisher=BrandLoyalty |date=November 6, 2013 |access-date=2015-02-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204172540/http://www.brandloyalty-int.com/en-GB/press-%26-events/press-releases/id-498/alliance-data-acquires-60-percent-of-brandloyalty/ |archive-date=2015-02-04 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 2014: Epsilon acquires Conversant, formerly ValueClick.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://adage.com/article/datadriven-marketing/epsilon-ceo-conversant-buy-boost-cross-channel-chops/294957/ |title=Alliance Data to Acquire Conversant, Formerly ValueClick, for $2.3 Billion |publisher=AdvertisingAge |date=September 16, 2014}}</ref>
* 2014: Epsilon acquires Conversant, formerly ValueClick.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://adage.com/article/datadriven-marketing/epsilon-ceo-conversant-buy-boost-cross-channel-chops/294957/ |title=Alliance Data to Acquire Conversant, Formerly ValueClick, for $2.3 Billion |publisher=AdvertisingAge |date=September 16, 2014}}</ref>
*2019: [[Publicis|Publicis Groupe]] acquired Alliance Data Systems' Epsilon.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thestreet.com/investing/publicis-groupe-to-acquire-epsilon-unit-of-alliance-data-systems-14926519|title=France's Publicis Groupe to Acquire Alliance Data Systems' Epsilon for $4.4B|last=Constable|first=Simon|date=2019-04-15|website=TheStreet|language=en|access-date=2019-04-21}}</ref>
*2019: Alliance Data sells off Epsilon to [[Publicis]] for $4.4B.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thestreet.com/investing/publicis-groupe-to-acquire-epsilon-unit-of-alliance-data-systems-14926519|title=France's Publicis Groupe to Acquire Alliance Data Systems' Epsilon for $4.4B|last=Constable|first=Simon|date=2019-04-15|website=TheStreet|language=en|access-date=2019-04-21}}</ref>
*2019: Alliance Data acquired Lon Operations Inc., a digital payments company operating under the trademark Bread.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/alliance-data-signs-definitive-agreement-to-acquire-bread-301162702.html |title=Alliance Data Signs Definitive Agreement to Acquire Bread |publisher=prnewswire.com |access-date=2020-01-14}}</ref>
*2019: Alliance Data acquired Lon Operations Inc., a digital payments company operating under the trademark Bread.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/alliance-data-signs-definitive-agreement-to-acquire-bread-301162702.html |title=Alliance Data Signs Definitive Agreement to Acquire Bread |publisher=prnewswire.com |access-date=2020-01-14}}</ref>
*2020: Alliance Data closes Bread deal in December.<ref>{{cite web |title=Alliance Data (ADS) Acquires Bread to Boost Digital Offerings |url=https://www.yahoo.com/now/alliance-data-ads-acquires-bread-145202540.html |website=Yahoo |date=December 7, 2020}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist}}


== External links ==
== External links ==

Latest revision as of 19:15, 15 April 2024

Bread Financial Holdings, Inc.
FormerlyAlliance Data Systems Corporation (1996–2022)
Company typePublic
Industryfinancial services
FoundedApril 22, 1983; 41 years ago (1983-04-22)
Headquarters
Columbus, Ohio
,
U.S.
Area served
  • United States
Key people
Ralph Andretta (president & CEO)
ProductsCredit cards
RevenueDecrease US$4.521 billion (2020)
Decrease US$888.4 million (2020)
Decrease US$213.7 million (2020)
Total assetsDecrease US$22.547 billion (2020)
Total equityDecrease US$1.521 billion (2020)
Number of employees
~8,000 worldwide (2023)
Subsidiaries
  • Comenity Bank
  • Comenity Capital Bank
Websitebreadfinancial.com
Footnotes / references
[1]

Bread Financial Holdings, Inc. is an American publicly-traded provider of loyalty and marketing services, such as private label credit cards, coalition loyalty programs, and direct marketing, derived from the capture and analysis of transaction-rich data.

History[edit]

Former headquarters in Plano, TX

Alliance Data was formed from the December 1996 merger of two entities: J.C. Penney's credit card processing unit and The Limited's credit card bank operation, named World Financial Network National Bank.[2]

In August 1998, Alliance Data acquired LoyaltyOne, then-branded The Loyalty Group Canada, for $250 million.[3] The deal gave Alliance Data two valuable business enhancements, Canada's Air Miles Rewards Program and the company behind the popular Air Miles program, LoyaltyOne.[4]

In 2001, Alliance Data went public.[5]

In May 2007, The Blackstone Group, a private equity firm, announced plans to acquire Alliance Data.[6][7] In April 2008, Alliance Data terminated the merger agreement with Blackstone Affiliates.[8][9]

Ed Heffernan was promoted to president and CEO of Alliance Data in February 2009, after being with the company since 1998.[10][11][12]

On June 7, 2019, Ed Heffernan resigned as CEO of Alliance Data and was replaced by Melisa Miller, who previously ran Alliance Data's Card Services division. This change in leadership effectively moved Alliance Data's Headquarters from Plano, Texas, to Columbus, Ohio.[13]

Melisa Miller held the role for roughly 6 months before being replaced by former CITI executive Ralph Andretta. In 2019, Alliance Data opened its first international office in Bangalore, India.[14]

In November 2021, Alliance Data completed the separation of its LoyaltyOne segment, consisting of the Canadian AIR MILES Reward Program and Netherlands-based BrandLoyalty businesses, into an independent, publicly traded company, Loyalty Ventures Inc.[15] In March 2022, Alliance Data rebranded as Bread Financial as part of an effort to streamline their business model into a tech-forward financial services company providing a wider range of financial options.[15][16]

Former businesses[edit]

Alliance Data Card Services[edit]

Card Services is a provider of integrated credit and marketing services including private label, co-branded and commercial credit card programs. Alliance Data Card Services manages over 135[17] card programs for retail brands such as Victoria’s Secret, J.Crew, Eddie Bauer, Buckle, HSN, Pottery Barn, Pier 1 Imports, Lexus, Toyota, Williams Sonoma and Wayfair among many others.[18]

In 2011, Alliance Data, in partnership with NICE Systems, was honored with the Operational Leadership Award for its customer care centers by Ventana Research.[19]

Alliance Data Card Services maintains two banks to manage the funding and receivables for its clients' credit programs. In September 2012, the banks rebranded their names from WFNNB (World Financial Network [National] Bank) and WFCB (World Financial Capital Bank) to both operate under the Comenity name, as Comenity Bank and Comenity Capital Bank, respectively.[20]

LoyaltyOne[edit]

LoyaltyOne, located in Canada, provides loyalty marketing programs for North American brands in the retail, financial services, grocery, petroleum, travel, and hospitality industries.

Five businesses make up the LoyaltyOne: Air Miles national reward program, in which approximately two-thirds of Canadian households participate;[21] Colloquy; LoyaltyOne Consulting; Precima; and Squareknot.

Hewitt Associates named LoyaltyOne in their "2014 List of the 50 Best Employers in Canada."[22]

Epsilon[edit]

Epsilon provides a broad range of loyalty marketing services spanning database marketing, direct mail, email marketing, web development, loyalty programs, analytics, data services, strategic consulting, and creative services, among others.

Ad Age has ranked Epsilon among the top marketing services firms and direct marketing agencies for several years, and Epsilon has the distinction as being the Top US Agency From All Disciplines and Top US CRM/Direct Marketing Agencies for 2012.[23] [24][25][26] It sends billions of permission-based emails every year.[27] Acquired by Epsilon in 2011,[28] Aspen Marketing Services is a marketing services agency headquartered in Chicago, Illinois,[29] with locations in the United States and Canada. In 2012, Epsilon reached an agreement to acquire the Hyper Marketing ("HMI") group of companies, the largest privately held digital marketing services agencies in the United States, for about $460 million.

In March 2011, Epsilon detected unauthorized access to its email database, resulting in the theft of email addresses of its clients' customers.[30][31][32]

In late February 2013, Facebook announced partnerships with four companies, including Epsilon, to help reshape its targeted advertising strategy.[33]

Because of Epsilon's growth over the past several years, the company relocated its headquarters to the former Nokia regional headquarters space in Las Colinas, Texas, near Dallas.[34][35]

In March 2014, 60 Minutes interviewed Bryan Kennedy, chairman and CEO of Epsilon, as part of its segment, "The Data Brokers: Selling Your Personal Information".[36]

In April 2019, Publicis Groupe announced it would be acquiring Epsilon for $4.4 billion. This was the second biggest deal in the history of advertising, behind only Dentsu's $5 billion acquisition of Aegis Group in 2012.[37]

Controversy[edit]

In 2010 Epsilon failed to heed warnings to secure data.[38] In March 2011 it was discovered that email addresses from customers of 50 client companies were stolen.[38] The company quickly notified the public about the breach.[39] In June 2011 company executives were called before Congress to answer questions about the security breach.[40]

Products and Technology[edit]

In October 2020, Alliance Data launched Enhanced Digital Suite.[41]

In October 2020, Alliance Data selected Fiserv for Credit Processing Services.[42]

In 2021, Alliance Data invested $100M in digital technologies to expand consumer credit options beyond retail deals and cards.[43]

In April 2022, Bread Financial partnered with American Express and launched the Bread Cashback American Express Credit Card.[44][45]

Company acquisitions and divestitures[edit]

  • 1998: LoyaltyOne was acquired by Alliance Data.
  • 2002: Colloquy/Frequency Marketing was acquired by Alliance Data.[46]
  • 2004: Epsilon was acquired by Alliance Data.[47]
  • 2005: Bigfoot Interactive was acquired by Alliance Data.[48]
  • 2006: Abacus was acquired by Alliance Data's Epsilon from DoubleClick.[49]
  • 2008: Heartland Payment Systems acquired Alliance Data's Network Services business.[50]
  • 2008: Vertex acquired Alliance Data’s Utility Services business.[51]
  • 2011: Aspen Marketing Services was acquired by Alliance Data (to be a part of Epsilon).[52]
  • 2012: Alliance Data acquired the $475 million private label credit card portfolio of The Bon-Ton Stores, Inc.[53]
  • 2012: Epsilon acquires Hyper Marketing and agencies Ryan Partnership & Catapult.[54]
  • 2014: AD acquired Conversant Formerly known as ValueClick; Conversant specialized in the affiliate marketing business, which revolved around video and mobile channels.[55][56]
  • 2014: Alliance Data acquires BrandLoyalty.[57]
  • 2014: Epsilon acquires Conversant, formerly ValueClick.[58]
  • 2019: Alliance Data sells off Epsilon to Publicis for $4.4B.[59]
  • 2019: Alliance Data acquired Lon Operations Inc., a digital payments company operating under the trademark Bread.[60]
  • 2020: Alliance Data closes Bread deal in December.[61]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Alliance Data Systems Corporation 2020 Annual Report (Form 10-K)". sec.gov. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. February 26, 2021.
  2. ^ "The InfoTech 100 Companies: Alliance Data Systems Profile". Businessweek.com. 2006-05-31. Archived from the original on 27 June 2010. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
  3. ^ "The Value of Loyalty". 2008.[permanent dead link]
  4. ^ "U.S. database specialist buys The Loyalty Group". 1998-08-03.
  5. ^ Molinari, Elena (June 8, 2001). "Alliance Data Debuts After 18-Month Wait". Wall Street Journal.
  6. ^ Michael Flaherty; Caroline Humer (2007-05-17). "Blackstone to buy Alliance Data for $6.76 billion". Reuters. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
  7. ^ "Alliance Data To Be Acquired by The Blackstone Group". Paymentsnews.com. Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
  8. ^ "Alliance Data Drops Suit to Force Deal". The New York Times. 2008-02-09.
  9. ^ "Alliance Data Terminates Merger Agreement with Blackstone Affiliates". Paymentsnews.com. Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
  10. ^ "Forbes Profile on Ed Heffernan". Forbes.com. Archived from the original on 2011-01-29. Retrieved 2010-11-22.
  11. ^ Pearson-Hormillosa, Shashana (2010-01-10). "Alliance Data CEO Ed Heffernan taps into his M&A expertise to take big risks in a tough economy". www.bizjournals.com/dallas/. Retrieved 2010-11-22.
  12. ^ "Alliance Data promotes CFO Edward Heffernan to president, CEO; Michael Parks to continue as chairman - update". tradingmarkets.com. 2009-02-18. Retrieved 2010-11-22.[permanent dead link]
  13. ^ "Alliance Data Announces Organizational Changes". Yahoo Finance. Retrieved 2019-06-10.
  14. ^ Sarkar, Brinda (17 July 2019). "Alliance Data's card services business opens office in Bengaluru". The Economic Times.
  15. ^ a b Fitzgerald, Kate (March 23, 2022). "Alliance Data becomes Bread, taking buy now/pay later unit's name". American Banker.
  16. ^ "Alliance Data is now Bread Financial™". www.finance.yahoo.com. 23 March 2022. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  17. ^ ADS. "Client News Release".
  18. ^ Pimlott, Daniel (18 May 2007). "Blackstone seals $8bn deal for credit card group ADS". Financial Times. Retrieved 6 November 2012.
  19. ^ "Announcing the Ventana Research 2011 Leadership Awards". Ventana Research website. 2011. Archived from the original on 2016-05-30.
  20. ^ "Comenity Bank: Private Company Information - Businessweek". Investing.businessweek.com. Archived from the original on July 9, 2011. Retrieved 2014-03-13.
  21. ^ "AIR MILES Corporate Incentives | Fast Facts". Aeis.com. Archived from the original on 2009-04-01. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
  22. ^ "Hewitt 50 Best Employers" (PDF). hewittassociates.com.[permanent dead link]
  23. ^ "Awards & Accolades". Epsilon. Retrieved 2014-03-13.
  24. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-10. Retrieved 2010-05-27.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  25. ^ [1] Archived July 17, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  26. ^ "Advertising Age - April 26, 2010". Adage.coverleaf.com. 2010-04-26. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
  27. ^ "More customers exposed as big data breach grows". Reuters. 2011-04-03.
  28. ^ Elliott, Stuart (25 April 2011). "Epsilon to Acquire Aspen Marketing Services". Media Decoder. The New York Times. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
  29. ^ "Aspen Marketing Services Acquires Newgen Results Corp". destinationcrm.com. 1 October 2007. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
  30. ^ "Massive Breach at Epsilon Compromises Customer Lists of Major Brands". Security Week. 2 April 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2012.
  31. ^ "Epsilon Data Breach: Expect a Surge in Spear Phishing Attacks". PC World. 5 April 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2012.
  32. ^ "Epsilon email security breach widens". The Australian. 7 April 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2012.
  33. ^ "What You Didn't Post, Facebook May Still Know" 26-03-2013
  34. ^ Brown, Steve (2013-08-13). "Nokia leaving high-profile Las Colinas tower; Epsilon moving in". Dallas Morning News. Retrieved 2014-03-13.
  35. ^ "Epsilon moves into newly finished Irving headquarters". Dallas Business Journal. 5 August 2014.
  36. ^ Kroft, Steve (2014-03-09). "The Data Brokers: Selling Your Personal Information". 60 Minutes. Graham Messick and Maria Gavrilovic, producers. CBS Productions. Retrieved 2014-03-14.
  37. ^ Graham, Megan (April 14, 2019). "Publicis announces $4.4 billion deal to acquire data marketing company Epsilon". Graham Messick and Maria Gavrilovic, producers. CNBC. Retrieved 2019-04-14.
  38. ^ a b "Epsilon Fell To Spear-Phishing Attack". Dark Reading. 4 November 2011.
  39. ^ "Firms Adjust to Hacks". Wall Street Journal. 17 June 2011.
  40. ^ Sue Reisinger. "Epsilon Data Management GC on How to Handle Data Breaches". Corporate Counsel.
  41. ^ Lucas, Peter (October 22, 2020). "Alliance Data Shifts Its In-House Private-Label Processing Operations to Fiserv". Digital Transactions.
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External links[edit]

  • Official website
  • Business data for Bread Financial Holdings, Inc.:
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