60 minutes

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60 Minutes is an investigative news magazine broadcast by the US television network CBS Corporation since 1968 and produced by CBS News . Developed by Donald Hewitt , the format has won more Emmy Awards than any other prime-time show in the United States in its history . Over the years, some controversy around 60 Minutes caused quite a stir.

history

The idea for 60 Minutes was based on the critical Canadian news format This Hour Has Seven Days by CBC (1964–1966) and That Was The Week That Was (1962–1963), a comedy and satire show on the BBC . 60 Minutes is considered a pioneer in the use of investigative journalistic techniques. This includes surprising visits by camera teams for spontaneous interviews in the office or at home or the direct comparison of contradicting statements made in interviews.

Mike Wallace (2007)

The first episode of 60 Minutes aired on September 24, 1968. In the beginning, the show was shown in a bi-weekly alternation with other CBS news programs on Tuesday evening and was hosted by Harry Reasoner and Mike Wallace . Donald Hewitt, who co- produced the CBS Evening News with Walter Cronkite , chose Mike Wallace as a stylistic antithesis to Reasoner.

Following the example of This Hour Has Seven Days , the main aspect of the show was that the presenters of the show also acted as reporters. The reports, no longer than 13 minutes, were primarily intended to provide information on controversial issues of national interest and the people affected by them. After one season, the audience ratings showed that the selection of topics was not accepted by a wide audience.

In 1970 Morley Safer joined the team and took over reporting on less polarizing topics. But when Richard Nixon began to question the freedom of the press , Safer changed the concept of the program to tough, investigative journalism. In 1970 60 Minutes was critical of the use of cluster bombs , the South Vietnamese Army , Canada's amnesty for American tax evaders, Nigeria, the Middle East and the Northern Ireland conflict . In 1983, Safer's report on Lenell Geter in Jail led to the acquittal of Texan Lenell Geter , who was wrongly convicted of armed robbery. This success is still one of the milestones of the show today.

In 1971, the issued FCC the Prime Time Access Rule . Due to an exception for news broadcasts, CBS moved from January 1972 the broadcasting time from 60 Minutes to Sundays between 6:00 p.m. and 7:00 p.m.

This slot turned out to be problematic in the autumn, when the evening games of the National Football League were broadcast, as the broadcast often had to be postponed because football broadcasts had been contractually protected from interruptions since the Heidi Game in November 1968. The term (also called "Heidi Bowl") refers to an incident in the American Football League (AFL) during a game between the New York Jets and the Oakland Raiders on November 17, 1968 in Oakland. NBC stopped broadcasting the game 65 seconds before the end of the game in favor of the punctual release of the 1968 film Heidi . Other sporting events (such as golf tournaments) occasionally caused the same problems.

In 1975 the program changed to its current slot on Sunday between 7:00 p.m. and 8:00 p.m. In 1979 she achieved first place in the audience in her category based on the Nielsen rating . That success drove advertising prices from $ 17,000 per thirty seconds in 1975 to $ 175,000 in 1982. In 2007/2008 the show was the most watched news format in the US.

Since 1979 the show has ended with a humorous comment by Andy Rooney on a current topic from international politics, business or his everyday life.

60 Minutes is broadcast simultaneously by CBS Radio and the local radio stations connected to it. A free audio recording ( podcast ) has been available since October 23, 2007 .

Shortly before his 88th birthday, after 38 years at 60 Minutes and 43 years at CBS, Wallace announced his retirement on March 14, 2006. He commented ironically on his retirement: “… considering my 88th birthday, it is obvious that my eyes and ears and other important body parts are no longer the same, and the prospect of being closed after long flights anywhere in the world in search of something doesn't seem so attractive to me anymore ” .

Today, 60 Minutes is the only regularly broadcast news format on US television that does not use a theme song. The ticking of the stopwatch is used as a sign of identification.

format

The core of the program is made up of three reports, which take up publications in national newspapers and briefly summarize them. With the help of research by the 60 Minutes editorial team, the topics are then presented in detail. When selecting topics, the focus is on corruption and other misconduct by companies, politicians and public officials. A specialty is the handling of interviews that are broadcast without being directly commented or mentioned in summary. The viewer should be able to form his own opinion.

In loose succession, people from public life are presented who are z. B. get involved in non-profit organizations . 60 Minutes makes sure that these contributions do not remain a superficial self-portrayal. The person is portrayed as comprehensively as possible and, if necessary, critically questioned.

The show is a mixture of investigative journalism and personality show. The investigative part is based on the 1950s CBS documentary and news show See It Now with Edward R. Murrow , in the early years of which Donald Hewitt worked as a director . The second format is reminiscent of Person to Person , a personality show that was also hosted by Edward R. Murrow. Because of this unusual format, Donald Hewitt described 60 Minutes as a mixture of the two extremes of the Murrow programs: "... a blend of high Murrow and low Murrow" .

With the Point / Counterpoint format , a series of television debates started in 1971 in which one liberal and one conservative commentator faced each other. The first two opponents were James J. Kilpatrick for the conservative side and Nicholas von Hoffman for the liberals. It was virtually a live version of competing editorials and represented an innovative TV concept. After Hoffmann's death, Shana Alexander took over his part.

Point / Counterpoint was regularly parodied. In the NBC - comedy series Saturday Night Live were Jane Curtin and Dan Aykroyd seen as commentators pair. Aykroyd typically started a debate with the phrase "Jane, you ignorant slut" . In the motion picture feature film The Incredible Journey in a Crazy Airplane , one scene shows a discussion in the style of the show, which deals with the pros and cons of a crash. Due to a lack of audience interest, Point / Counterpoint was discontinued in 1979.

In March 2003, the Point / Counterpoint concept was taken up again with Bob Dole and Bill Clinton (former opponents in the US presidential election campaign of 1996). However, the ten pre-produced episodes of Clinton / Dole and Dole / Clinton were not fully broadcast because the viewers felt that they were too friendly and considerate to one another. In September 2008 the show celebrated its 40th anniversary and thus the record for the longest continuously broadcast program on US television.

reception

In the 1991 book 60 Minutes and the News: A Mythology for Middle America , Richard Campbell examined in detail the accounts of 60 Minutes . Campbell, who has been involved with the show for years, claims that it is primarily aimed at the conservative audience of the American Midwest . Above all, the superficiality of this book was criticized, so that an exact description of the program and its techniques was available, but no in-depth analysis of its development and the associated development of its target group.

This gap is filled by a study published in 2002, Sex, Lies, and War: How Soft News Brings Foreign Policy to the Inattentive Public , which analyzed the audience structure of news programs such as 60 Minutes and their selection of foreign policy topics. The study shows, among other things, how foreign policy news is received through a reference to the way of life (“human touch”) of politically disinterested viewers and what role programs like 60 Minutes play in this.

criticism

Campbell said the reports are meant to convey that the world of sincere and hardworking people is constantly being attacked by corrupt bureaucrats and greedy corporations . 60 Minutes is therefore not an objective news broadcast, but a "tool" for forming opinions in the form of information that is appropriately prepared in a suggestive way.

In the following, Campbell describes the manipulative stylistic devices that are used in the reports. Campbell relates this primarily to camera positions, which are often intended to suggest the reporter's sovereignty and superiority over his interlocutor.

The well-known correspondents and reporters take center stage and do not simply lead through the reports, but also suggest the “correct” conclusions by manipulating the viewer. About a third to half of a 12 to 14 minute report can be seen. You stand at a distance from the steady camera, which also leaves space for background images. The interview partners , on the other hand, often only show a closeup that cuts off parts of the head. With this difference, the reporter visually dominates the interview, while his counterpart must appear like a suspect. The reporters take on recurring, topic-dependent roles. If a report deals with something incomprehensible , he is the enlightener , with psychological topics he plays the therapist , when it comes to adventure he acts as the scout and with controversial topics he acts as the mediator .

All in all, the program focuses too much on individual stories instead of describing the problems behind them.

Controversy

Over the years, 60 Minutes has been embroiled in a number of controversies that caused a stir:

reporting

On January 23, 1982, Mike Wallace, moderator of 60 Minutes , alleged in the report "The Uncounted Enemy, a Vietnam Deception" that William Westmoreland , commanding general and commander in chief of US forces in the Vietnam War between 1964 and 1968, provided government information withheld for political reasons. A few days later, at a press conference, Westmoreland called the whole thing an absurd hoax and announced a slander complaint against the station. TV Guide reported in detail about inconsistencies in this report under the name "Anatomy of a Smear" . Accordingly, exculpatory evidence was withheld and the interview was rewritten so that Westmoreland appeared to be answering other questions. Westmoreland withdrew the lawsuit shortly before the court hearing. In a press release, CBS News stated, "The report never alleged that General Westmoreland, as he understood it, was unpatriotic or disloyal in performing his duties . " Westmoreland posted this as victory, while CBS later said: "... that not alter the fact that the report was fair and accurate research" .

On November 23, 1986, 60 Minutes aired a report about the Audi 5000 . The story described a number of incidents in which the parked vehicle is said to have driven off without warning. Since it was not possible to reproduce the phenomenon for 60 minutes , they commissioned the manipulation of the drive, after which the car then behaved accordingly. The report had a devastating impact on Audi's sales in the United States, which did not recover in over 15 years. The original incidents were reported by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and Transport Canada , but they were operator errors by mistaking the accelerator pedal for the brake pedal. CBS thereupon sent a (partial) revocation without going into these investigation results by the authorities.

In February 1989, 60 Minutes aired a report from the Natural Resources Defense Council claiming there were proven health risks to consumers of apples treated with daminozide ( Alar ), a chemical growth regulator . The apple growers' turnover fell dramatically as a result. They sued CBS. The lawsuit was dismissed. On March 3, 1991, a controversial report dealt with the personal and business life of Werner Erhard , the founder of Landmark Education. A year later, Erhard filed a lawsuit against CBS and other defendants, alleging that the show contained several false, misleading and offensive statements about him. A few months before the court decision, he surprisingly withdrew the lawsuit.

In 1997, 60 Minutes reported on the alleged toleration of drug trafficking on the US border in San Diego by US customs officials . A memo was cited by Rudy Camacho, the head of the customs office in San Diego. On the basis of this note, Camacho was assumed to be allowing trucks belonging to a certain company to cross the border in an uncontrolled manner. Mike Horner, a former customs officer, had given CBS an officially stamped copy of the memo. Camacho was not questioned about the suspicion prior to the airing of CBS. Research revealed that Horner had forged the documents in order to get revenge on Camacho for his treatment within the customs administration. Camacho sued CBS and received an undisclosed amount of compensation . Donald Hewitt had to publish a correction in 60 minutes .

A legal battle between archaeologists and the Umatilla tribe over a skeleton nicknamed the Kennewick man was picked up by 60 Minutes on October 25, 1998. The tribe felt the representation of 60 Minutes as strongly one-sided in favor of the scientists, since important arguments from the Native American Graves and Repatriation Act were not taken into account. The report mainly focuses on the racist aspects of the controversy and called the sovereignty of indigenous peoples into question. The controversial parts of the report later turned out to be unfounded and false.

Conflicts of Interest

In 1995 information was leaked to 60 minutes producer Lowell Bergman by Jeffrey Wigand , former Vice President of Research and Development at Brown & Williamson (a tobacco company of the British American Tobacco Group). B&W should systematically hide the health risks of their cigarettes and add additives such as fiberglass and ammonia to the products to increase the effectiveness of the nicotine . Based on this information, Bergman had a piece produced for 60 minutes , but it was stopped by Donald Hewitt and the CBS lawyers, who feared a billion-dollar lawsuit by Brown and Williamson. A lawsuit would also have put the son of CBS President Laurence Tisch at risk of perjury .

The Wall Street Journal published Jeffrey Wigand's story after Hewitt's rejection of the TV contribution. The 60 Minutes report was later broadcast with a significantly different content. The damning evidence against B&W was not sent. The background to these processes was discussed by Marie Brenner in an article in Vanity Fair entitled “The Man Who Knew Too Much”. The scandal was filmed in the seven-time Oscar- nominated film The Insider, starring Russell Crowe and Al Pacino .

In the years 2000 to 2005, the show was repeatedly accused of ignoring potential journalistic conflicts of interest by advertising products of the Viacom group. Due to the constantly growing media groups through acquisitions, this type of secondary use of content in books, films and interviews with celebrities is now a common practice.

Achievements and Awards

Measured by audience ratings , 60 Minutes is the most successful newscast in US television history. It was the most popular program for five years in a row. A success that was otherwise only achieved through the sitcoms All in the Family and The Bill Cosby Show . 23 years in a row (1977–2000), 60 Minutes was in the top ten of the Nielsen rating , a record unmatched to this day.

In the 1976–1977 season, the magazine was among the top 20 for the first time. In 1978 it was the fourth most popular show and then took first place from 1979 to 1980. In the 21st century it is in the top 20 and, measured by the Nielsen rating, is the highest rated news magazine.

60 Minutes has received several awards, including the Peabody Award for: "All in the Family," a study of the relationship between contractors and the government and the US military as a client; " The CIA's Cocaine " a report that the involvement of the CIA in the drug smuggling revealed; Friendly Fire , a report on friendly fire incidents in the Iraq war ; and "Duke Rape Suspects Speak Out," the first interview with the suspects in the 2006 Duke University lacrosse team scandal . "The Osprey" a documentary about the cover-up attempt by the United States Navy regarding the accidents with the V-22 Osprey helicopter received the Investigative Reporter and Editor medal . In 2007, the show was nominated for twelve Emmy Awards. In 2008, 60 Minutes received an Emmy for Outstanding Continuing Coverage of News Story in a News Magazine .

List of awards

  • 78 Emmys
  • 11 Alfred I. duPont-Columbia University Awards
  • 11 Peabody Awards
  • 2 George Polk Memorial Awards
  • Overseas Press Club: Lifetime Achievement Award
  • National Association of Broadcasters: Hall of Fame

Correspondents and commentators

Current correspondents

The following people are currently working as correspondents:

Scott Pelley interviewed George W. Bush in the Oval Office
Lara Logan in an interview with Norton A. Schwartz
Dan Rather, Berkeley (2006)

Former correspondents (selection)

The following people worked as correspondents:

Commentators

The following people were active as commentators :

Other formats

60 minutes II

On January 13, 1999, 60 Minutes II started . The spin-off , which was editorially produced independently by 60 Minutes , was broadcast on Wednesdays. The format consisted of specially prepared content and updated reports from 60 Minutes . Christiane Amanpour , Charles Grodin , Lara Logan , Carol Marin , Scott Pelley , Dan Rather , Charlie Rose and Bob Simon worked as correspondents for 60 Minutes II . The show won numerous Emmy Awards and three Peabody Awards .

Since 60 Minutes II could not meet the station's rating expectations, the format was renamed 60 Minutes in autumn 2004 in order to benefit from the popularity and good reputation of the role model. Junior CBS News President Andrew Heyward said: "The Roman numeral II probably caused some confusion on the part of the audience, who associate it with a scaled-down edition of 60 minutes" .

"Rathergate"

The GIF image animated by Charles Foster Johnson demonstrates the forgery. It compares the memo created on a typewriter in 1973, as claimed by CBS , with a Microsoft Word document rewritten in 2004 . The font shown is proportional . Typewriter fonts in 1973 did not have this property . The visible differences can be caused by repeated copying of copies, faxes etc.

Another name change followed a controversy that sparked a report broadcast on September 8, 2004. The incident, dubbed “Rathergate” with reference to Correspondent Dan Rather and the Watergate Affair , revolved around six memos critically examining George W. Bush's service in the Air National Guard . Rather claimed on the broadcast that the memos were personal records of Lieutenant Colonel Jerry B. Killian, who died in 1984, and that the authenticity was confirmed by experts from CBS. In addition to Rathergate, the controversy is therefore also known under the name "Killian documents controversy" .

60 Minutes II aired the report two months before the 2004 presidential election without having sufficiently ensured the authenticity of the memos. Typeface experts commissioned to carry out the inspection later discovered that it was forgeries. In order to be able to prove the authenticity claimed by CBS, the broadcaster would have had to present the originals. Lieutenant Colonel Bill Burkett claimed in the course of investigating the incident that he had burned the originals after faxing them to CBS.

The film The Moment of Truth thematizes the events with Cate Blanchett ( Mary Mapes ) and Robert Redford ( Dan Rather ) in the leading roles.

In order to avoid a negative influence of Rathergate on 60 Minutes (the broadcast on Sunday), the show was renamed 60 Minutes Wednesday . On July 8, 2005, the broadcast date was postponed from Wednesday to Friday and the program was again renamed 60 Minutes II .

Due to insufficient audience ratings, 60 Minutes II was discontinued on September 2, 2005.

International offshoots

The Australian premiere of 60 Minutes took place on February 11, 1979 on Nine Network . In 1980 the show won the Logie Award for its investigation into fatal abuse in a psychiatric hospital in Chelmsford, Sydney .

A New Zealand spin-off of the show was broadcast from 1989 on the national television channel TV3 . In 1992 the rights were acquired by Television New Zealand , which broadcast 60 Minutes for 9 years before being superseded in 2002 by a separate format called Sunday . 60 Minutes is now being broadcast again on TV3.

  • The Portuguese edition of 60 Minutes is broadcast by SIC Notícias and moderated by Mário Crespo.
  • The French version of 60 Minutes is called 66 Minutes and is broadcast by M6 .
  • A short-lived Mexican version appeared in the late 1970s.
  • A Peruvian variant aired in the early 1980s . However, there was also a show of the same name in the late 1980s that had nothing to do with the CBS format.
  • The format of 2 votes (2 hours), which was based on 60 minutes in Sweden, was a flop and was discontinued.

literature

  • Richard Campbell: 60 Minutes and the News: A Mythology for Middle America . University of Illinois Press, Illinois 1991, ISBN 0-252-01777-3 , JSTOR : 2749212 (English).
  • J. Ronald Milavsky: Review: 60 Minutes and the News: A Mythology for Middle America . In: Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Association for Public Opinion Research (Ed.): The Public Opinion Quarterly . tape 56 , no. 4 . Oxford 1992, p. 552-553 (English).
  • Annette Kolodny: 60 Minutes at the University of Arizona: The Polemic against Tenure . In: The Johns Hopkins University Press (Ed.): New Literary History . tape 27 , no. 4 , p. 679-704 , JSTOR : 20057383 .
  • Matthew A. Baum: Sex, Lies, and War: How Soft News Brings Foreign Policy to the Inattentive Public . In: The American Political Science Review . tape 96 , no. 1 , March 2002, p. 91-109 , JSTOR : 3117812 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ This Hour Has Seven Days. Museum of Broadcast Communications , accessed May 6, 2009 .
  2. ↑ David Frum: How We Got Here: The '70s . Basic Books, New York City 2000, ISBN 0-465-04195-7 , pp. 36 .
  3. ↑ a b c d Axel Madsen: 60 Minutes: The Power and the Politics of America's Most Popular TV News Show . Dodd, Mead and Company, New York City 1984, ISBN 0-396-08401-X , pp. 36 .
  4. ↑ a b 60 MINUTES, US News Magazine. Museum of Broadcast Communications, accessed May 6, 2009 .
  5. ^ Raiders Down Jets 43-32 in the Greatest Game You Never Saw. The Oakland Raiders , archived from the original on January 22, 2009 ; accessed on May 5, 2009 .
  6. ↑ a b c Program Facts. In: About us. CBS News, accessed May 5, 2009 .
  7. ^ Tricia McDermott: A Pound of Coffee? In: Andy Rooney. CBS News, July 6, 2003, accessed May 5, 2009 .
  8. ↑ 60 Minutes Archive. CBS News, accessed May 6, 2009 .
  9. ↑ Alex Weprin: CBS Making 60 Minutes Available as Free Podcast. (No longer available online.) Broadcasting & Cable, October 20, 2007, archived from the original on September 22, 2010 ; accessed on May 6, 2009 .
  10. ↑ Associated Press : Wallace to retire as regular 60 minutes anchor. MSNBC , March 16, 2006, accessed May 5, 2009 .
  11. ^ Richard M. Clurman, Beyond Malice: The Media's Years of Reckoning , Meridian Books, 1990, ISBN 978-0-452-01029-1
  12. ↑ Peter Johnson: '60 Minutes' may veto Clinton-Dole face-offs. USA Today , May 6, 2003; accessed May 5, 2009 .
  13. ↑ J. Ronald Milavsky: Review: 60 Minutes and the News: A Mythology for Middle America . In: Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Association for Public Opinion Research (Ed.): The Public Opinion Quarterly . tape 56 , no. 4 . Oxford 1992, p. 552-553 (English).
  14. ^ Matthew A. Baum: Sex, Lies, and War: How Soft News Brings Foreign Policy to the Inattentive Public . In: American Political Science Association (Ed.): The American Political Science Review . tape 96 , no. 1 , March 2002, p. 91-109 , JSTOR : 3117812 .
  15. ^ Richard Campbell: 60 Minutes and the News: A Mythology for Middle America . University of Illinois Press, Illinois 1991, ISBN 0-252-01777-3 (English).
  16. ^ Douglas Martin: George Crile, 61, CBS Documentary Producer. The New York Times , May 16, 2006, accessed May 6, 2009 .
  17. ^ Tom Mascaro: The Uncounted Enemy: A Vietnam Deception. (No longer available online.) Museum of Broadcast Communications, archived from the original on June 20, 2002 ; accessed on May 6, 2009 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.museum.tv
  18. ^ Walter Olson: It Didn't Start With Dateline NBC. National Review, June 21, 1993, accessed May 6, 2009 .
  19. ↑ Daminozide (Alar) Pesticide Canceled for Food Uses. EPO November 7, 1989, archived from the original on April 3, 2010 ; accessed on May 6, 2009 .
  20. ^ Judge Dismisses Apple Growers' Suit Against CBS. In: NY Times. The New York Times, September 14, 1993, accessed May 6, 2009 .
  21. ^ Steven Pressman, Outrageous Betrayal: The Dark Journey of Werner Erhard from est to Exile , St. Martin's Press, 1993, New York City, pp. 255-258, ISBN 0-312-09296-2
  22. ↑ Suzanne Snider: EST, WERNER ERHARD, AND THE CORPORATIZATION OF SELF-HELP IT MAKES ONE YEARN FOR THE DAYS WHEN WE WERE ALL ASSHOLES. The Believer, May 2003, accessed May 6, 2009 .
  23. ↑ I'd Rather Be Blogging. The Wall Street Journal , September 13, 2004, accessed May 6, 2009 .
  24. ↑ Lisa de Moraes: 'Another 60 Minutes' Apology on a Drug Smuggling Story. The Washington Post , April 13, 1999, accessed May 6, 2009 .
  25. ^ Antone Minthorn: Kennewick Man issue damages relationships. Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, November 5, 1998, archived from the original on April 23, 2013 ; accessed on May 6, 2009 .
  26. ↑ Michael D. Lemonick, Andrea Dorfman: Who Were The First Americans? (PDF; 735 kB) TIME Magazine , March 13, 2006, accessed on May 6, 2009 .
  27. ↑ Ann Fabian: Bones of Contention. Common-place The Interactive Journal of Early American Life, Inc., January 2, 2001, accessed May 6, 2009 .
  28. ^ Marie Brenner: The Man Who Knew Too Much. (PDF; 237 kB) (No longer available online.) Vanity Fair , May 1996, archived from the original on October 10, 2008 ; accessed on May 5, 2009 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mariebrenner.com
  29. ↑ Bryan Preston & Chris Regan: All in the Family: Who says 60 Minutes doesn't pay for interviews? National Review, April 2, 2004, archived from the original on January 8, 2009 ; accessed on May 6, 2009 .
  30. ^ Matthew A. Baum: Sex, Lies, and War: How Soft News Brings Foreign Policy to the Inattentive Public . In: American Political Science Association (Ed.): The American Political Science Review . tape 96 , no. 1 , March 2002, p. 93 . Example: Nielsen rating in network news in the week of June 28th - July 7th, 1998: 1st place, rating 12.0, 11,928,000 households.
  31. ↑ a b c 60 Minutes: Milestones. CBS News, accessed May 5, 2009 .
  32. ↑ Peter Johnson: At '60 Minutes, 'clock ticking on change. USA Today, August 10, 2003, accessed May 5, 2009 .
  33. ↑ Peter Johnson: 66th Annual Peabody Awards Winners Announced. In: The Peabody Awards. The University of Georgia April 4, 2007, archived from the original August 31, 2007 ; accessed on May 5, 2009 .
  34. ^ Daniel Schorn: 12 Emmy Nominations For "60 Minutes". CBS News, July 19, 2007, accessed May 5, 2009 .
  35. ↑ About Us. CBS News, accessed October 30, 2018 .
  36. ↑ Tributes To Trailblazer Ed Bradley. CBS News, November 10, 2006, accessed May 6, 2009 .
  37. ↑ Morley Safer Dead at 84
  38. ↑ Bob Simon: Legendary US war reporter killed in car accident. In: Spiegel Online from February 12, 2015 (accessed February 12, 2015).
  39. ^ Daniel Schorn: Mike Wallace Retires From '60 Minutes'. CBS News, March 14, 2006, accessed May 6, 2009 .
  40. ↑ Pamela McClintock: '60 Minutes' times 2 - Eye spinoff renamed after original newsmag. variety.com, May 19, 2004, accessed May 6, 2009 .
  41. ↑ The six Rathergate memos. (PDF; 116 kB) USA Today, October 9, 2004, accessed on May 6, 2009 .
  42. ↑ "This statement was without factual support ... It is without question, however, that Matley (the expert referenced) did not authenticate any of the documents in question." , TB Report, page 137
  43. ↑ Michael Dobbs, Howard Kurtz: Expert Cited by CBS Says He Didn't Authenticate Papers. The Washington Post, September 14, 2004, accessed May 6, 2009 .
  44. ^ Brian Ross, Howard Rosenberg : Document Analysts: CBS News Ignored Doubts. ABC News, September 14, 2004, accessed May 6, 2009 .
  45. ↑ CBS ousts 4 over Bush Guard story. Associated Press, January 10, 2005, accessed May 5, 2009 . : "Boccardi and Thornburgh found that Mapes had said the documents were authenticated, when in fact she had found only one expert to vouch for only one signature in the memo."
  46. ↑ Jonathan V. Last: It's Worse Than You Thought. The Weekly Standard, January 11, 2005, accessed May 6, 2009 . : "Including Peter Tytell and Thomas Phinney, as well as a self-proclaimed typography expert, Joseph Newcomer, with 35 years of computer font technology experience."
  47. ^ Sandee Cohen: The Digital Dish: Making Headlines, Not Setting Them. creativepro.com, September 23, 2004, archived from the original on October 13, 2007 ; accessed on May 6, 2009 .
  48. ^ Officer's Widow Questions Bush Guard Memos. ABC News, September 10, 2004, accessed May 6, 2009 .
  49. ^ Jarrett Murphy: Bush Guard Memos Questioned. CBS News, September 10, 2004, accessed May 5, 2009 . : Bill Flynn, one of country's top authorities on document authentication and document expert Sandra Ramsey Lines: " I'm virtually certain these were computer generated "
  50. ↑ Dave Moniz, Kevin Johnson, Jim Drinkard: CBS backs off Guard story. USA Today, September 21, 2004; accessed May 5, 2009 .
  51. ↑ Jacques Steinberg: CBS Cancels Wednesday Edition of '60 Minutes'. The New York Times, May 18, 2005, accessed May 6, 2009 .