Bibliotheca (Photius): Difference between revisions
The works of Procopius are extant |
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{{Short description|9th century work of Byzantine Patriarch Photius}} |
{{Short description|9th century work of Byzantine Patriarch Photius}} |
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{{Distinguish|Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)}} |
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{{italic title}} |
{{italic title}} |
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[[File:Bibliotheca cover.jpg|200px|thumb|Cover of ''Bibliotheca'']] |
[[File:Bibliotheca cover.jpg|200px|thumb|Cover of ''Bibliotheca'']] |
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== Possible Abbasid link == |
== Possible Abbasid link == |
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Some older scholarship had speculated that ''Bibliotheca'' might have been composed in [[Baghdad]] at the time of Photius' embassy to the [[Abbasid]] court, since many of the mentioned works are rarely cited during the period before Photius, i.e. the so-called Byzantine "[[Dark Ages (historiography)|Dark Ages]] |
Some older scholarship had speculated that ''Bibliotheca'' might have been composed in [[Baghdad]] at the time of Photius' embassy to the [[Abbasid]] court, since many of the mentioned works are rarely cited during the period before Photius, i.e. the so-called Byzantine "[[Dark Ages (historiography)|Dark Ages]]" ({{circa}} 630–800),<ref>Paul Lemerle, ''Byzantine Humanism: The First Phase: Notes and Remarks on Education and Culture in Byzantium from its Origins to the 10th century''. Canberra: Australian Association for Byzantine Studies, 1986, 81–84.</ref> and since it was known that the Abbasids were interested in [[Arab transmission of the classics to the west|translating Greek science and philosophy]].<ref>Jokisch, Islamic Imperial Law (2007), pp. 364–386)</ref> However, modern specialists of the period, such as [[Paul Lemerle]], have pointed out that this cannot be the case, since Photius himself clearly states in his preface and postscript to the ''Bibliotheca'' that after he was chosen to take part in the embassy, he sent his brother a summary of the works he had read ''previously'' "since the time that I learned how to understand and evaluate literature," i.e. from his youth.<ref>As Lemerle says "it is clear that this was written, and therefore that the collection has been composed, ''before'' the completion of the embassy (Lemerle, ''Byzantine Humanism: The First Phase'', 40).</ref> A further difficulty with supposing that ''Bibliotheca'' was composed during rather than before the embassy, besides Photius' own explicit statement, is that the majority of the works in ''Bibliotheca'' are of Christian [[patristic theology]], and most of the secular works are histories, grammars, and works of literature, particularly rhetoric, rather than works of philosophy or science, and the Abbasids showed no interest in having Greek history or Greek high literature like rhetoric translated, nor were they interested in translating Greek Christian works. Their interest in Greek texts was confined almost exclusively to science, philosophy and medicine.<ref>As Paul Lemerle puts it, "while the renaissance in Hellenism in Byzantium extended progressively and more or less rapidly to all spheres of ancient literature including poetry, theatre, rhetoric, history, etc., Islam took an interest only in the sciences on the one hand, and philosophy on the other, ''Byzantine Humanism: The First Phase'', 26–27</ref> In fact, "there is almost no overlap (other than some [[Galen]], [[Dioscorides]], and [[Vindonius Anatolius]]) between the inventory of secular works in Photius's ''Bibliotheca'' and those works that were translated into Arabic"<ref>Dmitri Gutas, ''Greek thought, Arab Culture,'' 1998, 186.</ref> in the Abbasid period. |
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== Editions == |
== Editions == |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" |
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! N° |
|||
! Author |
! Author |
||
! |
! Title |
||
! Religion |
|||
! Ch |
|||
! |
! Cons. |
||
! Extant |
|||
! Lost |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|1 |
|||
| Theodore the Presbyter |
|||
| [[Theodore of Mopsuestia]] |
|||
| On the Genuineness of the works of Dionysius the Areopagite |
| On the Genuineness of the works of Dionysius the Areopagite |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|2 |
|||
| Hadrian the monk |
| Hadrian the monk |
||
| |
| Introduction to the Scriptures |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|3 |
|||
| Nonnosus |
|||
| [[Nonnosus (historian)|Nonnosus]] |
|||
| History |
| History |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|4 |
|||
| Theodore of Mopsuestia |
| Theodore of Mopsuestia |
||
| For Basil Against Eunomius |
| For Basil Against Eunomius |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|5 |
|||
| Gregory of Nyssa |
|||
|Sophronius |
|||
|For Basil Against Eunomius |
|||
|Christian |
|||
|Lost |
|||
|- |
|||
|6 |
|||
| [[Gregory of Nyssa]] |
|||
| For Basil Against Eunomius 1 |
| For Basil Against Eunomius 1 |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|7 |
|||
| Gregory of Nyssa |
| Gregory of Nyssa |
||
| For Basil Against Eunomius 2 |
| For Basil Against Eunomius 2 |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|8 |
|||
| Origen |
|||
| [[Origen]] |
|||
| De Principiis |
| De Principiis |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|9 |
|||
| Eusebius |
| Eusebius |
||
| Praeparatio Evangelica |
| [[Praeparatio Evangelica]] |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|10 |
|||
| Eusebius |
| Eusebius |
||
| Demonstratio Evangelica |
| Demonstratio Evangelica |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|11 |
|||
| Eusebius |
| Eusebius |
||
| Praeparatio Ecclesiastica |
| Praeparatio Ecclesiastica |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|12 |
|||
| Eusebius |
| Eusebius |
||
| Demonstratio Ecclesiastica |
| Demonstratio Ecclesiastica |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|13 |
|||
| Eusebius |
| Eusebius |
||
| Refutation and defence |
| Refutation and defence |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|14 |
|||
| Apollinarius |
|||
| [[Apollinaris of Laodicea|Apollinarius]] |
|||
| Against the Heathen |
| Against the Heathen |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|14 |
|||
| Apollinarius |
| Apollinarius |
||
| On Piety |
| On Piety |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|14 |
|||
| Apollinarius |
| Apollinarius |
||
| On Truth |
| On Truth |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|15 |
|||
| Gelasius of Cyzicus |
| Gelasius of Cyzicus |
||
| Acts of the First Council – Nicaea |
| Acts of the First Council – Nicaea |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|16 |
|||
| Various |
| Various |
||
| Acts of the Third Council – Ephesus |
| Acts of the Third Council – Ephesus |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|17 |
|||
| Various |
| Various |
||
| Acts of the Fourth Council – Chalcedon |
| Acts of the Fourth Council – Chalcedon |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|18 |
|||
| Various |
| Various |
||
| Acts of the Fifth Council – Constantinople |
| Acts of the Fifth Council – Constantinople |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|19 |
|||
| Various |
| Various |
||
| Acts of the Sixth Council – Constantinople II |
| Acts of the Sixth Council – Constantinople II |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|20 |
|||
| Various |
| Various |
||
| Acts of the Seventh Council – Nicaea II |
| Acts of the Seventh Council – Nicaea II |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|21 |
|||
| John Philoponus |
|||
| [[John Philoponus]] |
|||
| On the Resurrection |
| On the Resurrection |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|22 |
|||
| Theodosius the Monk |
| Theodosius the Monk |
||
| Refutation of John Philoponus |
| Refutation of John Philoponus |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|23 |
|||
| Conon |
| Conon |
||
| Refutation of John Philoponus |
| Refutation of John Philoponus |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|23 |
|||
| Eugenius |
| Eugenius |
||
| Refutation of John Philoponus |
| Refutation of John Philoponus |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|23 |
|||
| Themistius |
| Themistius |
||
| Refutation of John Philoponus |
| Refutation of John Philoponus |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|24 |
|||
| Anonymous |
| Anonymous |
||
| Acts of a disputation between Tritheites and Hesitators |
| Acts of a disputation between Tritheites and Hesitators |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|25 |
|||
| John Chrysostom |
| John Chrysostom |
||
| Notes on Death |
| Notes on Death |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|25 |
|||
| John Chrysostom |
|||
| [[John Chrysostom]] |
|||
| Homilies on the Ascension |
| Homilies on the Ascension |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|25 |
|||
| John Chrysostom |
| John Chrysostom |
||
| Homilies on Pentecost |
| Homilies on Pentecost |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|26 |
|||
| Synesius of Cyrene |
|||
| [[Synesius of Cyrene]] |
|||
| On Providence |
| On Providence |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|26 |
|||
| Synesius of Cyrene |
| Synesius of Cyrene |
||
| On the Kingdom |
| On the Kingdom |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|27 |
|||
| Eusebius |
|||
| [[Eusebius]] |
|||
| Ecclesiastical History |
|||
| [[Church History (Eusebius)|Ecclesiastical History]] |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| Christian |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|28 |
|||
| Socrates |
|||
| [[Socrates of Constantinople|Socrates]] |
|||
| Ecclesiastical History |
| Ecclesiastical History |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|29 |
|||
| Evagrius Scholasticus |
|||
| [[Evagrius Scholasticus]] |
|||
| Ecclesiastical History |
| Ecclesiastical History |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|30 |
|||
| Sozomen |
|||
| [[Sozomen]] |
|||
| Ecclesiastical History |
| Ecclesiastical History |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|31 |
|||
| Theodoret |
|||
| [[Theodoret]] |
|||
| Ecclesiastical History |
| Ecclesiastical History |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|32 |
|||
| Athanasius |
|||
| [[Athanasius]] |
|||
| Letters |
| Letters |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|33 |
|||
| Justus of Tiberias |
|||
| [[Justus of Tiberias]] |
|||
| Chronicle of the Kings of the Jews |
| Chronicle of the Kings of the Jews |
||
| |
| Jewish |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|34 |
|||
| Julius Africanus |
|||
| [[Sextus Julius Africanus|Julius Africanus]] |
|||
| Chronography |
| Chronography |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|35 |
|||
| Philip of Side |
|||
| [[Philip of Side]] |
|||
| Christian History |
| Christian History |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|36 |
|||
| Cosmas Indicopleustes |
|||
| [[Cosmas Indicopleustes]] |
|||
| Christian Topography |
|||
| [[Christian Topography]] |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| Christian |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|37 |
|||
| Anonymous |
| Anonymous |
||
| On Government |
| On Government |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|38 |
|||
| Theodore of Mopsuestia |
|||
| [[Theodore of Mopsuestia]] |
|||
| Commentary on Genesis |
| Commentary on Genesis |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|39 |
|||
| Eusebius |
| Eusebius |
||
| Against Hierocles |
| Against Hierocles |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|40 |
|||
| Philostorgius |
|||
| [[Philostorgius]] |
|||
| Ecclesiastical History |
| Ecclesiastical History |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|41 |
|||
| John of Aegae |
| John of Aegae |
||
| Ecclesiastical History |
| Ecclesiastical History |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|42 |
|||
| Basil the Cicilian |
|||
| Basil of Cilicia |
|||
| Ecclesiastical History |
| Ecclesiastical History |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|43 |
|||
| John Philoponus |
| John Philoponus |
||
| On the Hexaemeron |
| On the Hexaemeron |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|44 |
|||
| Philostratus |
|||
| [[Philostratus]] |
|||
| Life of Apollonius of Tyana |
|||
| [[Life of Apollonius of Tyana]] |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|45 |
|||
| Andronicianus |
|||
| [[Andronicianus]] |
|||
| Against the Eunomians |
| Against the Eunomians |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|||
| Theodoret |
|||
| Against Heresies |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
|||
| Theodoret |
| Theodoret |
||
| Eranistes |
| Eranistes |
||
| Christian |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
|||
| Theodoret |
| Theodoret |
||
| Polymorphos |
| Polymorphos |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|47 |
|||
| Flavius Josephus |
|||
| Josephus |
|||
| Jewish War |
|||
| [[The Jewish War]] |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Jewish |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|48 |
|||
| Hippolytus |
| Hippolytus |
||
| On the Universe |
| On the Universe |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|49 |
|||
| Cyril of Alexandria |
|||
| [[Cyril of Alexandria]] |
|||
| Against Nestorius |
| Against Nestorius |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|50 |
|||
| Nicias the Monk |
| Nicias the Monk |
||
| Against the Seven Chapters of Philoponus |
| Against the Seven Chapters of Philoponus |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|51 |
|||
| Hesychius |
| Hesychius |
||
| On the Brazen Serpent |
| On the Brazen Serpent |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|52 |
|||
| Anonymous |
| Anonymous |
||
| Acts of the synod of Side, 383, against the Messalians |
| Acts of the synod of Side, 383, against the Messalians |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|53 |
|||
| Anonymous |
| Anonymous |
||
| Acts of the synod of Carthage, 412 or 411, against the Pelagians |
| Acts of the synod of Carthage, 412 or 411, against the Pelagians |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|54 |
|||
| Various |
| Various |
||
| Copy of the Proceedings taken against the Doctrines of Nestorius |
| Copy of the Proceedings taken against the Doctrines of Nestorius |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|55 |
|||
| John Philoponus |
| John Philoponus |
||
| Against the Fourth Council |
| Against the Fourth Council |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|56 |
|||
| Theodoret of Cyrrhus |
|||
| Theodoret |
|||
| Against Heresies |
| Against Heresies |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|57 |
|||
| Appian |
|||
| [[Appian]] |
|||
| Roman History |
| Roman History |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|58 |
|||
| Arrian |
| Arrian |
||
| Parthica |
| Parthica |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|59 |
|||
| Various |
| Various |
||
| Acts of the Synod of the Oak, 403 |
| Acts of the Synod of the Oak, 403 |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|60 |
|||
| Herodotus |
|||
| [[Herodotus]] |
|||
| History |
|||
| [[Histories (Herodotus)|History]] |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|61 |
|||
| Aeschines |
|||
| [[Aeschines]] |
|||
| Against Timarchus |
|||
| [[Against Timarchus]] |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|61 |
|||
| Aeschines |
| Aeschines |
||
| On the False Embassy |
| [[On the False Embassy]] |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|61 |
|||
| Aeschines |
| Aeschines |
||
| Against Ctesiphon |
| Against Ctesiphon |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|62 |
|||
| Praxagoras of Athens |
|||
| [[Praxagoras of Athens]] |
|||
| History of Constantine the Great |
| History of Constantine the Great |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
|||
| Praxagoras of Athens |
| Praxagoras of Athens |
||
| The Kings of Athens |
| The Kings of Athens |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
|||
| Praxagoras of Athens |
| Praxagoras of Athens |
||
| Alexander King of Macedon |
| Alexander King of Macedon |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|63 |
|||
| Procopius |
|||
| [[Procopius]] |
|||
| History |
| History |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|64 |
|||
| Theophanes of Byzantium |
|||
| [[Theophanes of Byzantium]] |
|||
| History |
| History |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|65 |
|||
| Theophylact Simocatta |
|||
| [[Theophylact Simocatta]] |
|||
| Histories |
| Histories |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|66 |
|||
| Nicephorus |
|||
| [[Nikephoros I of Constantinople|Nicephorus]] |
|||
| Historical Epitome |
| Historical Epitome |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|67 |
|||
| Sergius the Confessor |
| Sergius the Confessor |
||
| History |
| History |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|68 |
|||
| Cephalion |
|||
| [[Cephalion (historian)|Cephalion]] |
|||
| Historical Epitome |
| Historical Epitome |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|69 |
|||
| Hesychius Illustrius |
|||
| [[Hesychius of Miletus|Hesychius]] |
|||
| History |
| History |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
|||
| Hesychius Illustrius |
|||
| Hesychius |
|||
| On Justin |
| On Justin |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|70 |
|||
| Diodorus Siculus |
|||
| [[Diodorus Siculus]] |
|||
| Historical Library |
|||
| [[Bibliotheca historica|Historical Library]] |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|71 |
|||
| Cassius Dio |
|||
| [[Cassius Dio]] |
|||
| History |
| History |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|72 |
|||
| Ctesias |
|||
| [[Ctesias]] |
|||
| Persica |
|||
| [[Persica (Ctesias)|Persica]] |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|72 |
|||
| Ctesias |
| Ctesias |
||
| History of India |
| [[Indica (Ctesias)|History of India]] |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|73 |
|||
| Heliodorus |
|||
| [[Heliodorus of Emesa|Heliodorus]] |
|||
| Aethiopica |
|||
| [[Aethiopica]] |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|74 |
|||
| Themistius |
|||
| [[Themistius]] |
|||
| Political Orations |
| Political Orations |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|74 |
|||
| Lesbonax |
|||
| [[Lesbonax]] |
|||
| Speeches |
| Speeches |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|75 |
|||
| John Philoponus |
| John Philoponus |
||
| On the Trinity against John Scholasticus |
| On the Trinity against John Scholasticus |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|76 |
|||
| Josephus |
|||
| [[Josephus]] |
|||
| Antiquities of the Jews |
|||
| [[Antiquities of the Jews]] |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Jewish |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|77 |
|||
| Eunapius |
|||
| [[Eunapius]] |
|||
| Chronicle |
| Chronicle |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|78 |
|||
| Malchus |
|||
| [[Malchus (historian)|Malchus]] |
|||
| Byzantine History |
| Byzantine History |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|79 |
|||
| Candidus |
|||
| [[Candidus Isaurus|Candidus]] |
|||
| History |
| History |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|80 |
|||
| Olympiodorus |
|||
| [[Olympiodorus the Younger|Olympiodorus]] |
|||
| Histories |
| Histories |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|81 |
|||
| Theodore of Mopsuestia |
| Theodore of Mopsuestia |
||
| On Persian Magic |
| On Persian Magic |
||
| Christian |
|||
| CH |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|82 |
|||
| Dexippus |
|||
| [[Dexippus]] |
|||
| History |
| History |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|82 |
|||
| Dexippus |
| Dexippus |
||
| Historical Epitome |
| Historical Epitome |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
|||
| Dexippus |
| Dexippus |
||
| Scythia |
| Scythia |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|83 |
|||
| Dionysius of Halicarnassus |
|||
| [[Dionysius of Halicarnassus]] |
|||
| Histories |
| Histories |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|84 |
|||
| Dionysius of Halicarnassus |
| Dionysius of Halicarnassus |
||
| Synopsis |
| Synopsis |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|85 |
|||
| Heraclian |
| Heraclian |
||
| Against the Manichaeans |
| Against the Manichaeans |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|86 |
|||
| John Chrysostom |
| John Chrysostom |
||
| Letters |
| Letters |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|87 |
|||
| Achilles Tatius |
|||
| [[Achilles Tatius]] |
|||
| Adventures of Clitophon and Leucippe |
|||
| [[Leucippe and Clitophon]] |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|88 |
|||
| Gelasius of Cyzicus |
|||
| [[Gelasius of Cyzicus]] |
|||
| Proceedings of the Synod of Nicaea |
| Proceedings of the Synod of Nicaea |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|89 |
|||
| Gelasius of Caesarea |
| Gelasius of Caesarea |
||
| Continuation of the History of Eusebius Pamphili |
| Continuation of the History of Eusebius Pamphili |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|90 |
|||
| Libanius |
|||
| [[Libanius]] |
|||
| Various works |
| Various works |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|91 |
|||
| Arrian |
|||
| [[Arrian]] |
|||
| History of the Reign of Alexander |
|||
| [[The Anabasis of Alexander|History of the Reign of Alexander]] |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|92 |
|||
| Arrian |
| Arrian |
||
| Continuation |
| Continuation |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|93 |
|||
| Arrian |
| Arrian |
||
| Bithynica |
| Bithynica |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|94 |
|||
| Iamblichus |
|||
| [[Iamblichus]] |
|||
| Dramaticon |
| Dramaticon |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|95 |
|||
| John Scythopolita |
|||
| [[John of Scythopolis|John Scythopolita]] |
|||
| Against Schismatics |
| Against Schismatics |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
|||
| John Scythopolita |
| John Scythopolita |
||
| Against Eutyches and Dioscorus |
| Against Eutyches and Dioscorus |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|96 |
|||
| George of Alexandria |
|||
| [[Patriarch George I of Alexandria|George of Alexandria]] |
|||
| Life of St. Chrysostom |
| Life of St. Chrysostom |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|97 |
|||
| Phlegon of Tralles |
|||
| [[Phlegon of Tralles]] |
|||
| Collection of Chronicles and List of Olympian Victors |
| Collection of Chronicles and List of Olympian Victors |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|98 |
|||
| Zosimus |
|||
| [[Zosimus (historian)|Zosimus]] |
|||
| New History |
| New History |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|99 |
|||
| Herodian |
|||
| [[Herodian]] |
|||
| History |
| History |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|100 |
|||
| The Emperor Hadrian |
|||
| [[Hadrian|The Emperor Hadrian]] |
|||
| Declamations |
| Declamations |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|101 |
|||
| Victorinus |
|||
| [[Gaius Marius Victorinus|Victorinus]] |
|||
| Panegyrics on the Emperor Zeno |
| Panegyrics on the Emperor Zeno |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|102 |
|||
| Gelasius of Caesarea |
|||
| [[Gelasius of Caesarea]] |
|||
| Against the Anomoeans |
| Against the Anomoeans |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|103 |
|||
| Philo Judaeus |
| Philo Judaeus |
||
| Allegories of the Sacred Laws |
| Allegories of the Sacred Laws |
||
| |
| Jewish |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|103 |
|||
| Philo Judaeus |
| Philo Judaeus |
||
| On the Civil Life |
| On the Civil Life |
||
| |
| Jewish |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|- |
||
| |
|104 |
||
| [[Philo Judaeus]] |
|||
| On the Essenes and Therapeutae |
|||
| Jewish |
|||
| Extant |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|105 |
|||
| Philo Judaeus |
| Philo Judaeus |
||
| Against Flaccus |
| Against Flaccus |
||
| |
| Jewish |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|105 |
|||
| Philo Judaeus |
| Philo Judaeus |
||
| Against Gaius |
| Against Gaius |
||
| |
| Jewish |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|106 |
|||
| Philo Judaeus |
|||
| [[Theognostus of Alexandria]] |
|||
| On the Essenes and Therapeutae |
|||
| |
|||
| J |
|||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
| Theognostus of Alexandria |
|||
| Outlines |
| Outlines |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|107 |
|||
| Basil of Cicilia |
|||
| Basil of Cilicia |
|||
| Against John Scythopolita |
| Against John Scythopolita |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|108 |
|||
| Theodore of Alexandria |
| Theodore of Alexandria |
||
| Against Themistius |
| Against Themistius |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|109 |
|||
| Clement of Alexandria |
| Clement of Alexandria |
||
| Outlines |
| Outlines |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|110 |
|||
| Clement of Alexandria |
| Clement of Alexandria |
||
| The Tutor |
| [[Paedagogus|The Tutor]] |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|111 |
|||
| Clement of Alexandria |
|||
| [[Clement of Alexandria]] |
|||
| The Miscellanies |
|||
| [[Stromata|The Miscellanies]] |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| Christian |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|112-3 |
|||
| Clement of Rome |
| Clement of Rome |
||
| Apostolic Constitutions and Recognitions |
| Apostolic Constitutions and Recognitions |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|114 |
|||
| Lucius of Charinus |
|||
| [[Leucius Charinus]] |
|||
| Circuits of the Apostles |
| Circuits of the Apostles |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|115 |
|||
| Anonymous |
| Anonymous |
||
| Against the Quartodecimans |
| Against the Quartodecimans |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|115 |
|||
| Metrodorus |
|||
| [[Metrodorus (grammarian)|Metrodorus]] |
|||
| On the date of Easter |
| On the date of Easter |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|116 |
|||
| Anonymous |
| Anonymous |
||
| A Third Volume on the Holy Easter Feast |
| A Third Volume on the Holy Easter Feast |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|117 |
|||
| Anonymous |
| Anonymous |
||
| In Defense of Origen |
| In Defense of Origen |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|118 |
|||
| Pamphilus & Eusebius |
|||
| [[Pamphilus of Caesarea]] |
|||
| Defense of Origen |
| Defense of Origen |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|119 |
|||
| Pierius |
|||
| [[Pierius]] |
|||
| Homilies |
| Homilies |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|120 |
|||
| Irenaeus |
|||
| [[Irenaeus]] |
|||
| Adversus Haereses |
|||
| [[Against Heresies (Irenaeus)|Against Heresies]] |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| Christian |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|121 |
|||
| Hippolytus |
|||
| [[Hippolytus of Rome|Hippolytus]] |
|||
| Against Heresies |
|||
| [[Refutation of All Heresies|Against Heresies]] |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| Christian |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|122 |
|||
| Epiphanius |
|||
| [[Epiphanius of Salamis|Epiphanius]] |
|||
| Panarion |
|||
| [[Panarion]] |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| Christian |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|123 |
|||
| Epiphanius |
| Epiphanius |
||
| Ancoratus |
| Ancoratus |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|124 |
|||
| Epiphanius |
| Epiphanius |
||
| On Weights and Measures |
| [[On Weights and Measures]] |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|125 |
|||
| Justin Martyr |
|||
| [[Justin Martyr]] |
|||
| Apology |
|||
| [[First Apology of Justin Martyr|Apology]] |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| Christian |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|126 |
|||
| Clement of Rome |
|||
| [[Clement of Rome]] |
|||
| Letters to the Corinthians |
|||
| [[First Epistle of Clement|Letters to the Corinthians]] |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| Christian |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|126 |
|||
| Polycarp |
|||
| [[Polycarp]] |
|||
| Letter to the Philippians |
|||
| [[Epistle of Polycarp to the Philippians|Letter to the Philippians]] |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| Christian |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|127 |
|||
| Eusebius |
| Eusebius |
||
| Life of Constantine |
| [[Life of Constantine]] |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|128 |
|||
| Lucian |
|||
| [[Lucian]] |
|||
| Dialogues |
|||
| [[List of works by Lucian|Dialogues]] |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Extant |
||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|129 |
|||
| Lucius of Patrae |
| Lucius of Patrae |
||
| Metamorphoses |
| Metamorphoses |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|130 |
|||
| Damascius |
|||
| [[Damascius]] |
|||
| Incredible Stories |
| Incredible Stories |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|131 |
|||
| Amyntianus |
|||
| [[Amyntianus]] |
|||
| On Alexander |
| On Alexander |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|132-5 |
|||
| Palladius et.al. |
| Palladius et.al. |
||
| Declamations |
| Declamations |
||
| |
| Pagan |
||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|136 |
|||
| Cyril of Alexandria |
| Cyril of Alexandria |
||
| Thesauri |
| Thesauri |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Extant |
||
| X |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|137 |
|||
| Eunomius of Cyzicus |
| Eunomius of Cyzicus |
||
| Apology |
| Apology |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|138 |
|||
| Eunomius of Cyzicus |
| Eunomius of Cyzicus |
||
| Against Basil |
| Against Basil |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|138 |
|||
| Eunomius of Cyzicus |
|||
| [[Eunomius of Cyzicus]] |
|||
| Letters |
| Letters |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|139 |
|||
| Athanasius |
| Athanasius |
||
| Commentary on Ecclesiastes |
| Commentary on Ecclesiastes |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|||
| X |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|139 |
|||
| Athanasius |
| Athanasius |
||
| Commentary on the Song of Songs |
| Commentary on the Song of Songs |
||
| Christian |
|||
| Ch |
|||
| |
| Lost |
||
| |
|- |
||
| |
|166 |
||
| [[Antonius Diogenes]] |
|||
| The Wonders Beyond Thule |
|||
| Pagan |
|||
| Lost |
|||
|- |
|||
|167 |
|||
| [[Stobaeus|Joannes Stobaeus]] |
|||
| Anthology |
|||
| Pagan |
|||
| Extant |
|||
|- |
|||
|168 |
|||
| [[Basil of Seleucia]] |
|||
| Sermons |
|||
| Christian |
|||
| Extant |
|||
|- |
|||
|170 |
|||
| Anonymous |
|||
| Precursors of Christianity |
|||
| Christian |
|||
| Lost |
|||
|- |
|||
|171 |
|||
| [[Eustratios of Constantinople]] |
|||
| On the Status of Souls after Death |
|||
| Christian |
|||
| Extant |
|||
|- |
|||
|172-4 |
|||
| John Chrysostom |
|||
| Homilies on Genesis |
|||
| Christian |
|||
| Extant |
|||
|- |
|||
|175 |
|||
| [[Pamphile of Epidaurus]] |
|||
| Historical Commentaries |
|||
| Pagan |
|||
| Lost |
|||
|- |
|||
|176 |
|||
| [[Theopompus]] |
|||
| Philippica |
|||
| Pagan |
|||
| Lost |
|||
|- |
|||
|177 |
|||
| Theodore of Mopsuestia |
|||
| Against those who say that men sin by nature and not by intention |
|||
| Christian |
|||
| Lost |
|||
|- |
|||
|178 |
|||
| [[Pedanius Dioscorides]] |
|||
| [[De materia medica]] |
|||
| Pagan |
|||
| Extant |
|||
|- |
|||
|179 |
|||
| [[Agapius (Manichaean)]] |
|||
| Manichaean pamphlets |
|||
| Manichaean |
|||
| Lost |
|||
|- |
|||
|180 |
|||
| [[John the Lydian]] |
|||
| On Prodigies |
|||
| Christian |
|||
| Extant |
|||
|- |
|||
|180 |
|||
| John the Lydian |
|||
| On the months |
|||
| Christian |
|||
| Extant |
|||
|- |
|||
|180 |
|||
| John the Lydian |
|||
| On the Public Magistracies |
|||
| Christian |
|||
| Extant |
|||
|- |
|||
|181 |
|||
| Damascius |
|||
| Life of Isidore |
|||
| Pagan |
|||
| Lost |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
Revision as of 16:27, 17 April 2024
The Bibliotheca (Greek: Βιβλιοθήκη) or Myriobiblos (Μυριόβιβλος, "Ten Thousand Books") was a ninth-century work of Byzantine Patriarch of Constantinople Photius, dedicated to his brother and composed of 279 reviews of books which he had read.
Overview
Bibliotheca was not meant to be used as a reference work, but was widely used as such in the 9th century, and is one of the first Byzantine works that could be called an encyclopedia.[1] Reynolds and Wilson call it "a fascinating production, in which Photius shows himself the inventor of the book-review,"[2] and say its "280 sections... vary in length from a single sentence to several pages".[2] The works he notes are mainly Christian and pagan authors from the 5th century BC to his own time in the 9th century AD. Almost half the books mentioned no longer survive. These would have disappeared in the Sack of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in 1204, in the final Fall of Constantinople to the Ottomans in 1453, or in the following centuries of Ottoman rule, during which wealth and literacy contracted dramatically in the subordinate Greek community.
Possible Abbasid link
Some older scholarship had speculated that Bibliotheca might have been composed in Baghdad at the time of Photius' embassy to the Abbasid court, since many of the mentioned works are rarely cited during the period before Photius, i.e. the so-called Byzantine "Dark Ages" (c. 630–800),[3] and since it was known that the Abbasids were interested in translating Greek science and philosophy.[4] However, modern specialists of the period, such as Paul Lemerle, have pointed out that this cannot be the case, since Photius himself clearly states in his preface and postscript to the Bibliotheca that after he was chosen to take part in the embassy, he sent his brother a summary of the works he had read previously "since the time that I learned how to understand and evaluate literature," i.e. from his youth.[5] A further difficulty with supposing that Bibliotheca was composed during rather than before the embassy, besides Photius' own explicit statement, is that the majority of the works in Bibliotheca are of Christian patristic theology, and most of the secular works are histories, grammars, and works of literature, particularly rhetoric, rather than works of philosophy or science, and the Abbasids showed no interest in having Greek history or Greek high literature like rhetoric translated, nor were they interested in translating Greek Christian works. Their interest in Greek texts was confined almost exclusively to science, philosophy and medicine.[6] In fact, "there is almost no overlap (other than some Galen, Dioscorides, and Vindonius Anatolius) between the inventory of secular works in Photius's Bibliotheca and those works that were translated into Arabic"[7] in the Abbasid period.
Editions
- Editio princeps (in Greek): David Hoeschel, Augsburg, 1601. Modern critical edition by R. Henry.
Contents
N° | Author | Title | Religion | Cons. |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Theodore of Mopsuestia | On the Genuineness of the works of Dionysius the Areopagite | Christian | Lost |
2 | Hadrian the monk | Introduction to the Scriptures | Christian | Extant |
3 | Nonnosus | History | Christian | Lost |
4 | Theodore of Mopsuestia | For Basil Against Eunomius | Christian | Lost |
5 | Sophronius | For Basil Against Eunomius | Christian | Lost |
6 | Gregory of Nyssa | For Basil Against Eunomius 1 | Christian | Extant |
7 | Gregory of Nyssa | For Basil Against Eunomius 2 | Christian | Lost |
8 | Origen | De Principiis | Christian | Extant |
9 | Eusebius | Praeparatio Evangelica | Christian | Extant |
10 | Eusebius | Demonstratio Evangelica | Christian | Extant |
11 | Eusebius | Praeparatio Ecclesiastica | Christian | Lost |
12 | Eusebius | Demonstratio Ecclesiastica | Christian | Lost |
13 | Eusebius | Refutation and defence | Christian | Lost |
14 | Apollinarius | Against the Heathen | Christian | Lost |
14 | Apollinarius | On Piety | Christian | Lost |
14 | Apollinarius | On Truth | Christian | Lost |
15 | Gelasius of Cyzicus | Acts of the First Council – Nicaea | Christian | Extant |
16 | Various | Acts of the Third Council – Ephesus | Christian | Lost |
17 | Various | Acts of the Fourth Council – Chalcedon | Christian | Lost |
18 | Various | Acts of the Fifth Council – Constantinople | Christian | Lost |
19 | Various | Acts of the Sixth Council – Constantinople II | Christian | Lost |
20 | Various | Acts of the Seventh Council – Nicaea II | Christian | Lost |
21 | John Philoponus | On the Resurrection | Christian | Lost |
22 | Theodosius the Monk | Refutation of John Philoponus | Christian | Lost |
23 | Conon | Refutation of John Philoponus | Christian | Lost |
23 | Eugenius | Refutation of John Philoponus | Christian | Lost |
23 | Themistius | Refutation of John Philoponus | Pagan | Lost |
24 | Anonymous | Acts of a disputation between Tritheites and Hesitators | Christian | Lost |
25 | John Chrysostom | Notes on Death | Christian | Lost |
25 | John Chrysostom | Homilies on the Ascension | Christian | Extant |
25 | John Chrysostom | Homilies on Pentecost | Christian | Extant |
26 | Synesius of Cyrene | On Providence | Christian | Extant |
26 | Synesius of Cyrene | On the Kingdom | Christian | Lost |
27 | Eusebius | Ecclesiastical History | Christian | Extant |
28 | Socrates | Ecclesiastical History | Christian | Extant |
29 | Evagrius Scholasticus | Ecclesiastical History | Christian | Extant |
30 | Sozomen | Ecclesiastical History | Christian | Extant |
31 | Theodoret | Ecclesiastical History | Christian | Extant |
32 | Athanasius | Letters | Christian | Extant |
33 | Justus of Tiberias | Chronicle of the Kings of the Jews | Jewish | Lost |
34 | Julius Africanus | Chronography | Christian | Lost |
35 | Philip of Side | Christian History | Christian | Lost |
36 | Cosmas Indicopleustes | Christian Topography | Christian | Extant |
37 | Anonymous | On Government | Christian | Lost |
38 | Theodore of Mopsuestia | Commentary on Genesis | Christian | Lost |
39 | Eusebius | Against Hierocles | Christian | Extant |
40 | Philostorgius | Ecclesiastical History | Christian | Lost |
41 | John of Aegae | Ecclesiastical History | Christian | Lost |
42 | Basil of Cilicia | Ecclesiastical History | Christian | Lost |
43 | John Philoponus | On the Hexaemeron | Christian | Extant |
44 | Philostratus | Life of Apollonius of Tyana | Pagan | Extant |
45 | Andronicianus | Against the Eunomians | Christian | Lost |
Theodoret | Eranistes | Christian | Lost | |
Theodoret | Polymorphos | Christian | Lost | |
47 | Josephus | The Jewish War | Jewish | Extant |
48 | Hippolytus | On the Universe | Christian | Lost |
49 | Cyril of Alexandria | Against Nestorius | Christian | Extant |
50 | Nicias the Monk | Against the Seven Chapters of Philoponus | Christian | Lost |
51 | Hesychius | On the Brazen Serpent | Christian | Lost |
52 | Anonymous | Acts of the synod of Side, 383, against the Messalians | Christian | Lost |
53 | Anonymous | Acts of the synod of Carthage, 412 or 411, against the Pelagians | Christian | Lost |
54 | Various | Copy of the Proceedings taken against the Doctrines of Nestorius | Christian | Lost |
55 | John Philoponus | Against the Fourth Council | Christian | Lost |
56 | Theodoret | Against Heresies | Christian | Extant |
57 | Appian | Roman History | Pagan | Extant |
58 | Arrian | Parthica | Pagan | Lost |
59 | Various | Acts of the Synod of the Oak, 403 | Christian | Lost |
60 | Herodotus | History | Pagan | Extant |
61 | Aeschines | Against Timarchus | Pagan | Extant |
61 | Aeschines | On the False Embassy | Pagan | Extant |
61 | Aeschines | Against Ctesiphon | Pagan | Extant |
62 | Praxagoras of Athens | History of Constantine the Great | Pagan | Lost |
Praxagoras of Athens | The Kings of Athens | Pagan | Lost | |
Praxagoras of Athens | Alexander King of Macedon | Pagan | Lost | |
63 | Procopius | History | Christian | Extant |
64 | Theophanes of Byzantium | History | Christian | Lost |
65 | Theophylact Simocatta | Histories | Christian | Extant |
66 | Nicephorus | Historical Epitome | Christian | Lost |
67 | Sergius the Confessor | History | Christian | Lost |
68 | Cephalion | Historical Epitome | Pagan | Lost |
69 | Hesychius | History | Christian | Lost |
Hesychius | On Justin | Christian | Lost | |
70 | Diodorus Siculus | Historical Library | Pagan | Extant |
71 | Cassius Dio | History | Pagan | Extant |
72 | Ctesias | Persica | Pagan | Lost |
72 | Ctesias | History of India | Pagan | Lost |
73 | Heliodorus | Aethiopica | Pagan | Extant |
74 | Themistius | Political Orations | Pagan | Lost |
74 | Lesbonax | Speeches | Pagan | Lost |
75 | John Philoponus | On the Trinity against John Scholasticus | Christian | Extant |
76 | Josephus | Antiquities of the Jews | Jewish | Extant |
77 | Eunapius | Chronicle | Pagan | Extant |
78 | Malchus | Byzantine History | Pagan | Lost |
79 | Candidus | History | Christian | Extant |
80 | Olympiodorus | Histories | Pagan | Lost |
81 | Theodore of Mopsuestia | On Persian Magic | Christian | Lost |
82 | Dexippus | History | Pagan | Lost |
82 | Dexippus | Historical Epitome | Pagan | Lost |
Dexippus | Scythia | Pagan | Lost | |
83 | Dionysius of Halicarnassus | Histories | Pagan | Extant |
84 | Dionysius of Halicarnassus | Synopsis | Pagan | Lost |
85 | Heraclian | Against the Manichaeans | Christian | Lost |
86 | John Chrysostom | Letters | Christian | Extant |
87 | Achilles Tatius | Leucippe and Clitophon | Pagan | Extant |
88 | Gelasius of Cyzicus | Proceedings of the Synod of Nicaea | Christian | Extant |
89 | Gelasius of Caesarea | Continuation of the History of Eusebius Pamphili | Christian | Lost |
90 | Libanius | Various works | Pagan | Extant |
91 | Arrian | History of the Reign of Alexander | Pagan | Extant |
92 | Arrian | Continuation | Pagan | Lost |
93 | Arrian | Bithynica | Pagan | Lost |
94 | Iamblichus | Dramaticon | Pagan | Lost |
95 | John Scythopolita | Against Schismatics | Christian | Lost |
John Scythopolita | Against Eutyches and Dioscorus | Christian | Lost | |
96 | George of Alexandria | Life of St. Chrysostom | Christian | Extant |
97 | Phlegon of Tralles | Collection of Chronicles and List of Olympian Victors | Pagan | Lost |
98 | Zosimus | New History | Pagan | Extant |
99 | Herodian | History | Pagan | Extant |
100 | The Emperor Hadrian | Declamations | Pagan | Extant |
101 | Victorinus | Panegyrics on the Emperor Zeno | Christian | Lost |
102 | Gelasius of Caesarea | Against the Anomoeans | Christian | Lost |
103 | Philo Judaeus | Allegories of the Sacred Laws | Jewish | Lost |
103 | Philo Judaeus | On the Civil Life | Jewish | Lost |
104 | Philo Judaeus | On the Essenes and Therapeutae | Jewish | Extant |
105 | Philo Judaeus | Against Flaccus | Jewish | Extant |
105 | Philo Judaeus | Against Gaius | Jewish | Extant |
106 | Theognostus of Alexandria | Outlines | Christian | Lost |
107 | Basil of Cilicia | Against John Scythopolita | Christian | Lost |
108 | Theodore of Alexandria | Against Themistius | Christian | Lost |
109 | Clement of Alexandria | Outlines | Christian | Lost |
110 | Clement of Alexandria | The Tutor | Christian | Extant |
111 | Clement of Alexandria | The Miscellanies | Christian | Extant |
112-3 | Clement of Rome | Apostolic Constitutions and Recognitions | Christian | Extant |
114 | Leucius Charinus | Circuits of the Apostles | Christian | Lost |
115 | Anonymous | Against the Quartodecimans | Christian | Lost |
115 | Metrodorus | On the date of Easter | Christian | Lost |
116 | Anonymous | A Third Volume on the Holy Easter Feast | Christian | Lost |
117 | Anonymous | In Defense of Origen | Christian | Lost |
118 | Pamphilus of Caesarea | Defense of Origen | Christian | Extant |
119 | Pierius | Homilies | Christian | Lost |
120 | Irenaeus | Against Heresies | Christian | Extant |
121 | Hippolytus | Against Heresies | Christian | Extant |
122 | Epiphanius | Panarion | Christian | Extant |
123 | Epiphanius | Ancoratus | Christian | Extant |
124 | Epiphanius | On Weights and Measures | Christian | Extant |
125 | Justin Martyr | Apology | Christian | Extant |
126 | Clement of Rome | Letters to the Corinthians | Christian | Extant |
126 | Polycarp | Letter to the Philippians | Christian | Extant |
127 | Eusebius | Life of Constantine | Christian | Extant |
128 | Lucian | Dialogues | Pagan | Extant |
129 | Lucius of Patrae | Metamorphoses | Pagan | Lost |
130 | Damascius | Incredible Stories | Pagan | Lost |
131 | Amyntianus | On Alexander | Pagan | Lost |
132-5 | Palladius et.al. | Declamations | Pagan | Lost |
136 | Cyril of Alexandria | Thesauri | Christian | Extant |
137 | Eunomius of Cyzicus | Apology | Christian | Lost |
138 | Eunomius of Cyzicus | Against Basil | Christian | Lost |
138 | Eunomius of Cyzicus | Letters | Christian | Lost |
139 | Athanasius | Commentary on Ecclesiastes | Christian | Lost |
139 | Athanasius | Commentary on the Song of Songs | Christian | Lost |
166 | Antonius Diogenes | The Wonders Beyond Thule | Pagan | Lost |
167 | Joannes Stobaeus | Anthology | Pagan | Extant |
168 | Basil of Seleucia | Sermons | Christian | Extant |
170 | Anonymous | Precursors of Christianity | Christian | Lost |
171 | Eustratios of Constantinople | On the Status of Souls after Death | Christian | Extant |
172-4 | John Chrysostom | Homilies on Genesis | Christian | Extant |
175 | Pamphile of Epidaurus | Historical Commentaries | Pagan | Lost |
176 | Theopompus | Philippica | Pagan | Lost |
177 | Theodore of Mopsuestia | Against those who say that men sin by nature and not by intention | Christian | Lost |
178 | Pedanius Dioscorides | De materia medica | Pagan | Extant |
179 | Agapius (Manichaean) | Manichaean pamphlets | Manichaean | Lost |
180 | John the Lydian | On Prodigies | Christian | Extant |
180 | John the Lydian | On the months | Christian | Extant |
180 | John the Lydian | On the Public Magistracies | Christian | Extant |
181 | Damascius | Life of Isidore | Pagan | Lost |
See also
References
- ^ Jenkins, Romilly J. H. (1963). "The Hellenistic Origins of Byzantine Literature". Dumbarton Oaks Papers. 17. JSTOR: 47. doi:10.2307/1291189. ISSN 0070-7546.
- ^ a b Reynolds, L. D. and N.G. Wilson (1991). Scribes and Scholars: A Guide to the Transmission of Greek and Latin Literature (3rd ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 321. ISBN 0-19-872145-5.
- ^ Paul Lemerle, Byzantine Humanism: The First Phase: Notes and Remarks on Education and Culture in Byzantium from its Origins to the 10th century. Canberra: Australian Association for Byzantine Studies, 1986, 81–84.
- ^ Jokisch, Islamic Imperial Law (2007), pp. 364–386)
- ^ As Lemerle says "it is clear that this was written, and therefore that the collection has been composed, before the completion of the embassy (Lemerle, Byzantine Humanism: The First Phase, 40).
- ^ As Paul Lemerle puts it, "while the renaissance in Hellenism in Byzantium extended progressively and more or less rapidly to all spheres of ancient literature including poetry, theatre, rhetoric, history, etc., Islam took an interest only in the sciences on the one hand, and philosophy on the other, Byzantine Humanism: The First Phase, 26–27
- ^ Dmitri Gutas, Greek thought, Arab Culture, 1998, 186.
External links
- Photius, Bibliotheca at The Tertullian Project
- Photius, Bibliotheca (original text in Greek)