PZL.55: Difference between revisions
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''This aircraft is sometimes incorrectly referred to as "PZL.62", the correct designation is '''PZL.55'''.''<ref>Glass (2008), p.134</ref> |
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{|{{Infobox |
{|{{Infobox aircraft begin |
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| name = PZL.55 |
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| image = PZL.55 drawings.jpg |
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| caption = Schematic drawings of the PZL.55 |
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}}{{Infobox |
}}{{Infobox aircraft type |
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| type = [[Fighter aircraft]] |
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| manufacturer = [[Państwowe Zakłady Lotnicze]] |
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| national origin = Poland |
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| designer = |
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| first flight = |
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| introduced = |
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| retired = |
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| status = Project |
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| primary user = [[Polish Air Force]] (planned) |
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| produced = |
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| number built = |
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| unit cost = |
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| developed from = [[PZL.26]] |
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| variants with their own articles = |
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}} |
}} |
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'''PZL.55''' was a |
'''PZL.55''' was a Polish pre-war project of a [[fighter aircraft]], designed by [[Jerzy Dąbrowski]] at the [[Państwowe Zakłady Lotnicze]]. The design was for a single-seat low-wing all-metal monoplane, developed based on experience with the [[PZL.26]] sports plane and the project of a private sports plane created by Jerzy Dąbrowski for his own use. |
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== Design and development == |
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The prototype PZL.55/I was designed for the [[Hispano-Suiza 12Y]] inline engine but production aircraft were intended to be powered by [[Hispano-Suiza 12Z]] inline engines.<ref>Glass (2008), p.134</ref> |
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At the end of the 1930s, Polish military aviation urgently needed a modern high-performance fighter with strong armament that would be an answer to designs such as the German [[Messerschmitt Bf 109|Bf 109]], the French [[Dewoitine D.520|D.520]] or the British [[Supermarine Spitfire]]. The aviation command showed great interest in the PZL.55 project. In August 1939, the design and model of the fighter were approved and two prototypes were ordered. |
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It was intended to use several very modern solutions for the Polish conditions at that time. The fighter was to have a fully retractable landing gear, and powerful armament consisting of 6-8 machine guns was to be placed in the wings. The rest of the internal wing structure was to be taken up by integral fuel tanks. The wings were also equipped with flaps and automatic Handley Page slots. The wing armament was to be complemented by a cannon firing through the propeller shaft. A retractable engine coolant radiator was placed under the hull, but there is a high probability that this rather problematic solution would be abandoned during work on the plane. The pilot's cabin was fully adapted to night flights and had heating, air conditioning and instruments for piloting without ground visibility. The plane was also equipped with a transmitting and receiving radio station, an oxygen installation and armored pilot's seat. The windshield was also to be made of thick armored glass. Some of these solutions have already been used in the [[PZL P.24]] and [[PZL.50 Jastrząb|PZL.50]]. |
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The first prototype PZL.55/I was designed for the [[Hispano-Suiza 12Y|Hispano-Suiza 12Y49]] inline engine but the final production version was to be powered by the more powerful [[Hispano-Suiza 12Z]] series engines which were still in development at the time.<ref>Glass (2008), p.134</ref> |
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==Planned specifications (PZL.55)== |
==Planned specifications (PZL.55)== |
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{{Aircraft specs |
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{{aircraft specifications |
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|plane or copter?=plane |
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|jet or prop?=prop |
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|ref=<ref>Glass (2008), p.134-135</ref> |
|ref=<ref>Glass (2008), p.134-135</ref> |
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|prime units?=met |
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|crew=1 |
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<!-- |
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General characteristics |
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--> |
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|genhide= |
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|crew= |
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|capacity= |
|capacity= |
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|length |
|length m=9.6 |
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|length |
|length ft= |
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|length in= |
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|span main=11.0 - 11.25 m |
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|length note= |
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|span m=11.25 |
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|span ft= |
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|height alt= 8 ft 10 in |
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|span in= |
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|area main=19-22.5 m² |
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|span note= |
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|upper span m= |
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|empty weight main=2,300 kg |
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|upper span ft= |
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|upper span in= |
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|loaded weight main=3,250 kg |
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|upper span note= |
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|loaded weight alt= |
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|mid span m= |
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|useful load main=950 kg |
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|mid span ft= |
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|mid span in= |
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|engine (prop)= [[Hispano-Suiza 12Z]] |
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|mid span note= |
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|type of prop=inline engine |
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|lower span m= |
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|number of props=1 |
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|lower span ft= |
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|power main=1400-1600 hp |
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|lower span in= |
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|power alt= |
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|lower span note= |
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|max speed main=660 km/h |
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|swept m=<!-- swing-wings --> |
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|max speed alt= |
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|swept ft=<!-- swing-wings --> |
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|combat radius main=800 km |
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|swept in=<!-- swing-wings --> |
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|combat radius alt= |
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|swept note= |
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|dia m=<!-- airships etc --> |
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|ceiling alt= |
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|dia ft=<!-- airships etc --> |
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|climb rate main= |
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|dia in=<!-- airships etc --> |
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|climb rate alt= |
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|dia note= |
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|power/mass main= |
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|width m=<!-- if applicable --> |
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|power/mass alt= |
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|width ft=<!-- if applicable --> |
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|guns=1 x Hispano-Suiza gun, 6-8 x 7.92 mm PWU wz.36 [[machine gun]]s |
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|width in=<!-- if applicable --> |
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|bombs= |
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|width note= |
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|height m=2.7 |
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|height ft= |
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|height in= |
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|height note= |
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|wing area sqm=22.5 |
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|wing area sqft= |
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|wing area note= |
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|swept area sqm=<!-- swing-wings --> |
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|swept area sqft=<!-- swing-wings --> |
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|swept area note= |
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|volume m3=<!-- lighter-than-air --> |
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|volume ft3=<!-- lighter-than-air --> |
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|volume note= |
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|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes --> |
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|airfoil= |
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|empty weight kg=2300 |
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|empty weight lb= |
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|empty weight note= |
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|gross weight kg=3250 |
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|gross weight lb= |
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|gross weight note= |
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|max takeoff weight kg= |
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|max takeoff weight lb= |
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|max takeoff weight note= |
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|fuel capacity= |
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|lift kg=<!-- lighter-than-air --> |
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|lift lb=<!-- lighter-than-air --> |
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|lift note= |
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|more general= |
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<!-- |
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Powerplant |
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--> |
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|eng1 number=1 |
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|eng1 name=[[Hispano-Suiza 12Z]] |
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|eng1 type=V-12 liquid-cooled piston engine |
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|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines --> |
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|eng1 hp=1600 |
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|eng1 shp=<!-- prop engines --> |
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|eng1 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines --> |
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|eng1 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines --> |
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|eng1 note= |
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|power original= |
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|thrust original= |
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|eng1 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners --> |
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|eng1 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners --> |
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|eng2 number= |
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|eng2 name= |
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|eng2 type= |
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|eng2 kw=<!-- prop engines --> |
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|eng2 hp=<!-- prop engines --> |
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|eng2 shp=<!-- prop engines --> |
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|eng2 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines --> |
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|eng2 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines --> |
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|eng2 note= |
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|eng2 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners --> |
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|eng2 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners --> |
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|eng3 number= |
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|eng3 name= |
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|eng3 type= |
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|eng3 kw=<!-- prop engines --> |
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|eng3 hp=<!-- prop engines --> |
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|eng3 shp=<!-- prop engines --> |
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|eng3 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines --> |
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|eng3 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines --> |
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|eng3 note= |
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|eng3 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners --> |
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|eng3 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners --> |
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|more power= |
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|prop blade number=<!-- propeller aircraft --> |
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|prop name= |
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|prop dia m=<!-- propeller aircraft --> |
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|prop dia ft=<!-- propeller aircraft --> |
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|prop dia in=<!-- propeller aircraft --> |
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|prop dia note= |
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|rot number=<!-- helicopters --> |
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|rot dia m=<!-- helicopters --> |
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|rot dia ft=<!-- helicopters --> |
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|rot dia in=<!-- helicopters --> |
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|rot area sqm=<!-- helicopters --> |
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|rot area sqft=<!-- helicopters --> |
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|rot area note= |
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<!-- |
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Performance |
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--> |
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|perfhide= |
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|max speed kmh=660 |
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|max speed mph= |
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|max speed kts= |
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|max speed note= |
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|max speed mach=<!-- supersonic aircraft --> |
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|cruise speed kmh= |
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|cruise speed mph= |
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|cruise speed kts= |
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|cruise speed note= |
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|stall speed kmh= |
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|stall speed mph= |
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|stall speed kts= |
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|stall speed note= |
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|never exceed speed kmh= |
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|never exceed speed mph= |
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|never exceed speed kts= |
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|never exceed speed note= |
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|minimum control speed kmh= |
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|minimum control speed mph= |
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|minimum control speed kts= |
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|minimum control speed note= |
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|range km=800 |
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|range miles= |
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|range nmi= |
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|range note= |
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|combat range km= |
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|combat range miles= |
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|combat range nmi= |
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|combat range note= |
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|ferry range km= |
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|ferry range miles= |
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|ferry range nmi= |
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|ferry range note= |
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|endurance=<!-- if range unknown --> |
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|ceiling m= |
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|ceiling ft= |
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|ceiling note= |
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|g limits=<!-- aerobatic --> |
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|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic --> |
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|glide ratio=<!-- sailplanes --> |
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|climb rate ms= |
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|climb rate ftmin= |
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|climb rate note= |
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|time to altitude= |
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|sink rate ms=<!-- sailplanes --> |
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|sink rate ftmin=<!-- sailplanes --> |
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|sink rate note= |
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|lift to drag= |
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|wing loading kg/m2= |
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|wing loading lb/sqft= |
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|wing loading note= |
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|disk loading kg/m2= |
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|disk loading lb/sqft= |
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|disk loading note= |
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|fuel consumption kg/km= |
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|fuel consumption lb/mi= |
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|power/mass= |
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|thrust/weight= |
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|more performance= |
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<!-- |
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Armament |
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--> |
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|guns=1 x [[Hispano-Suiza HS.404]] {{convert|20|mm|in|abbr=on|3}} cannon, 6-8 x {{convert|7.92|mm|in|abbr=on|3}} [[PWU wz.36]] [[machine gun]]s |
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|avionics= |
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}} |
}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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===Bibliography=== |
===Bibliography=== |
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{{refbegin}} |
{{refbegin}} |
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| Line 75: | Line 241: | ||
==See also== |
==See also== |
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{{aircontent |
{{aircontent |
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|related= |
|related = |
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*[[PZL.26]] |
*[[PZL.26]] |
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|similar aircraft= |
|similar aircraft = |
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}} |
}} |
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{{PZL aircraft}} |
{{PZL aircraft}} |
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{{aviation lists}} |
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[[Category:Polish fighter aircraft |
[[Category:1930s Polish fighter aircraft]] |
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[[Category:World War II Polish fighter aircraft]] |
[[Category:World War II Polish fighter aircraft]] |
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[[Category:PZL aircraft]] |
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[[Category:Low-wing aircraft]] |
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[[Category:Single-engined tractor aircraft]] |
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{{aero-1930s-stub}} |
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[[pl:PZL.50 Jastrząb]] |
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Revision as of 16:19, 10 May 2024
This aircraft is sometimes incorrectly referred to as "PZL.62", the correct designation is PZL.55.[1]
| PZL.55 | |
|---|---|
| |
| Schematic drawings of the PZL.55 | |
| Role | Fighter aircraft |
| National origin | Poland |
| Manufacturer | Państwowe Zakłady Lotnicze |
| Status | Project |
| Primary user | Polish Air Force (planned) |
| Developed from | PZL.26 |
PZL.55 was a Polish pre-war project of a fighter aircraft, designed by Jerzy Dąbrowski at the Państwowe Zakłady Lotnicze. The design was for a single-seat low-wing all-metal monoplane, developed based on experience with the PZL.26 sports plane and the project of a private sports plane created by Jerzy Dąbrowski for his own use.
Design and development
At the end of the 1930s, Polish military aviation urgently needed a modern high-performance fighter with strong armament that would be an answer to designs such as the German Bf 109, the French D.520 or the British Supermarine Spitfire. The aviation command showed great interest in the PZL.55 project. In August 1939, the design and model of the fighter were approved and two prototypes were ordered.
It was intended to use several very modern solutions for the Polish conditions at that time. The fighter was to have a fully retractable landing gear, and powerful armament consisting of 6-8 machine guns was to be placed in the wings. The rest of the internal wing structure was to be taken up by integral fuel tanks. The wings were also equipped with flaps and automatic Handley Page slots. The wing armament was to be complemented by a cannon firing through the propeller shaft. A retractable engine coolant radiator was placed under the hull, but there is a high probability that this rather problematic solution would be abandoned during work on the plane. The pilot's cabin was fully adapted to night flights and had heating, air conditioning and instruments for piloting without ground visibility. The plane was also equipped with a transmitting and receiving radio station, an oxygen installation and armored pilot's seat. The windshield was also to be made of thick armored glass. Some of these solutions have already been used in the PZL P.24 and PZL.50.
The first prototype PZL.55/I was designed for the Hispano-Suiza 12Y49 inline engine but the final production version was to be powered by the more powerful Hispano-Suiza 12Z series engines which were still in development at the time.[2]
Planned specifications (PZL.55)
Data from [3]
General characteristics
- Length: 9.6 m (31 ft 6 in)
- Wingspan: 11.25 m (36 ft 11 in)
- Height: 2.7 m (8 ft 10 in)
- Wing area: 22.5 m2 (242 sq ft)
- Empty weight: 2,300 kg (5,071 lb)
- Gross weight: 3,250 kg (7,165 lb)
- Powerplant: 1 × Hispano-Suiza 12Z V-12 liquid-cooled piston engine, 1,200 kW (1,600 hp)
Performance
- Maximum speed: 660 km/h (410 mph, 360 kn)
- Range: 800 km (500 mi, 430 nmi)
Armament
- Guns: 1 x Hispano-Suiza HS.404 20 mm (0.787 in) cannon, 6-8 x 7.92 mm (0.312 in) PWU wz.36 machine guns
References
Bibliography
- Glass, Andrzej. Polskie Konstrukcje Lotnicze Vol.3 (In Polish). Sandomierz, Poland: Wydawnictwo Stratus, 2008.
See also
Related development
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