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{{lowercase|de Havilland Hyena}}
{{lowercase|de Havilland Hyena}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2018}}
{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
| name=DH.56 Hyena
| name=DH.56 Hyena
| image=
| image=De Havilland DH.56 Hyena.jpg
| caption=
| caption= The DH.56 Hyena J-7780
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type
| type=Army cooperation aircraft
| type=Army cooperation aircraft
Line 16: Line 18:
| primary user=
| primary user=
| number built=2
| number built=2
| developed from=
| developed from= de Havilland DH.42B Dingo II
| variants with their own articles=
| variants with their own articles=
}}
}}
|}
|}
The '''de Havilland DH.56 Hyena''' was a prototype [[United Kingdom|British]] army co-operation aircraft of the 1920s. A single engined [[biplane]], the Hyena was designed against an RAF requirement, but was unsucessful with only two being built, the [[Armstrong Whitworth Atlas]] being preferred.
The '''de Havilland DH.56 Hyena''' was a prototype [[United Kingdom|British]] army cooperation aircraft of the 1920s. A single-engined [[biplane]], the Hyena was designed against an RAF requirement, but was unsuccessful with only two being built, the [[Armstrong Whitworth Atlas]] being preferred.
==Development and design==
The '''DH.56 Hyena''' was developed to met the requirements of [[List of Air Ministry specifications|Air Ministry Specification 30/24]] for an Army Co-operation aircraft to equip Britain's [[Royal Air Force]].<ref name="Mason Bomber p172"/> It was a development of de Havilland's earlier [[de Havilland Dormouse|DH.42B Dingo]], and like the Dingo, was a single-engined two-bay [[biplane]] carrying a crew of two. It was armed with a forward firing [[Vickers machine gun]] and a [[Lewis gun]] operated by the observer. A hook to pick up messages was fitted beneath the fuselage, while the aircraft was also equipped for photography, artillery spotting, supply dropping and bombing.<ref name="Jackson p213">Jackson 1987, p.213.</ref>


==Development and design==
The first Hyena flew on 17 May 1925,<ref name="Mason Bomber p172"/> powered by a 385&nbsp;hp (287&nbsp;kW) [[Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar]] III [[radial engine]]. With this engine it was underpowered, and was quickly re-engined with a 422&nbsp;hp (315&nbsp;kW) Jaguar IV before it was submitted for official testing (which was against the requirements of Specification 20/25, which had superceded 30/24).<ref name="Mason Bomber p172"/> The two prototype Hyenas were tested against the other competitors for the RAF's orders, the [[Armstrong Whitworth Atlas]], the [[Bristol Bloodhound]] and the [[Vickers Vespa]], including field evaluation with [[No. 4 Squadron RAF]].<ref name="Jackson p214-5"> Jackson 1987, pp.214-215.</ref> Handling close to the ground was found to be difficult, with a poor view from the cockpit, and the orders went to the Atlas, with the Hyena being abandoned, being used for testing at the [[Royal Aircraft Establishment]], [[Farnborough Airfield|Farnborough]] until 1928.<ref name="Mason Bomber p172"/>
The DH.56 Hyena was developed to meet the requirements of [[List of Air Ministry specifications|Air Ministry Specification 30/24]] for an Army Cooperation aircraft to equip Britain's [[Royal Air Force]].<ref name="Mason Bomber p172"/> It was a development of de Havilland's earlier [[de Havilland Dormouse|DH.42B Dingo]], and like the Dingo, was a single-engined two-bay [[biplane]] carrying a crew of two. It was armed with a forward-firing [[Vickers machine gun]] and a [[Lewis gun]] operated by the observer. A hook to pick up messages was fitted beneath the fuselage, while the aircraft was also equipped for photography, artillery spotting, supply dropping and bombing.<ref name="Jackson p213">Jackson 1987, p.213.</ref>

The first Hyena flew on 17 May 1925,<ref name="Mason Bomber p172"/> powered by a 385&nbsp;hp (287&nbsp;kW) [[Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar]] III [[radial engine]]. With this engine it was underpowered, and was quickly re-engined with a 422&nbsp;hp (315&nbsp;kW) Jaguar IV before it was submitted for official testing (which was against the requirements of Specification 20/25, which had superseded 30/24).<ref name="Mason Bomber p172"/> The two prototype Hyenas were tested against the other competitors for the RAF's orders, the [[Armstrong Whitworth Atlas]], the [[Bristol Bloodhound]] and the [[Vickers Vespa]], including field evaluation with [[No. 4 Squadron RAF]].<ref name="Jackson p214-5">Jackson 1987, pp. 214–215.</ref> Handling close to the ground was found to be difficult, with a poor view from the cockpit, and the orders went to the Atlas, with the Hyena being abandoned, being used for testing at the [[Royal Aircraft Establishment]], [[Farnborough Airfield|Farnborough]] until 1928.<ref name="Mason Bomber p172"/>


==Specifications (Jaguar IV) ==
==Specifications (Jaguar IV) ==
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=De Havilland Aircraft since 1909 <ref name="Jackson p215">Jackson 1994, p.215.</ref>
|prime units?=imp
<!--
General characteristics
-->
|genhide=


|crew=Two
<!--Use one OR other of the two specification templates. Delete the template code of the one you do not use. aero-specs is designed to handle the specification of gliders and lighter-than-air craft well. They each have their own documentation. In aircraft-specifications the parameter "xxxx more" allows for the addition of a qualifier to the value eg "at low level", "unladen". -->
|capacity=

|length m=

|length ft=29
{{aircraft specifications
|length in=9

|span m=
|plane or copter?=plane<!-- options: plane/copter -->
|upper span ft=43
|jet or prop?=prop<!-- options: jet/prop/both/neither -->
|upper span in=0

|lower span ft=41
|ref=De Havilland Aircraft since 1909 <ref name="Jackson p215"> Jackson 1994, p.215.</ref>
|lower span in=5+1/4

|height m=
|crew=2
|height ft=10
|capacity= <!-- the number of passengers carried in the case of a commercial aircraft-->
|height in=9
|payload main=
|wing area sqm=
|payload alt=
|wing area sqft=421+1/4
|payload more=
|wing area note=
|length main= 29 ft 9 in
|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|length alt=9.07 m
|span main=43 ft 0 in
|span alt=13.11 m
|height main=10 ft 9 in
|height alt=3.28 m
|area main= 421.25 ft²
|area alt= 39.1 m²
|airfoil=
|airfoil=
|empty weight main= 2,399 lb
|empty weight kg=
|empty weight alt= 1,090 kg
|empty weight lb=2399
|loaded weight main= 4,200 lb
|empty weight note=
|loaded weight alt= 1,909 kg
|gross weight kg=
|gross weight lb=
|useful load main=
|gross weight note=
|useful load alt=
|max takeoff weight main=
|max takeoff weight lb=4200
|fuel capacity={{convert|100|impgal|USgal L|abbr=on}}<ref name="Jackson p213"/>
|max takeoff weight alt=
|max takeoff weight more=
|more general=
|more general=
<!--
Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=[[Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar]] IV
|eng1 type=14-cylinder air-cooled [[radial engine]]
|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 hp=422<!-- prop engines -->
|more power=


|prop blade number=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|engine (prop)=[[Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar]] IV
|prop name=
|type of prop=9-cylinder air-cooled [[radial engine]] <!-- meaning the type of propeller driving engines -->
|number of props=1<!-- ditto number of engines-->
|prop dia m=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia ft=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|power main= 422 hp
|prop dia in=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|power alt=315 kW
|prop note=
|power original=
<!--
|power more=
Performance
-->
|perfhide=


|max speed main= 130 mph
|max speed kmh=
|max speed alt=113 knots, 209 km/h
|max speed mph=130
|max speed more=
|max speed kts=
|cruise speed main=
|max speed mach=<!-- supersonic aircraft -->
|cruise speed alt=
|cruise speed kmh=<!-- if max speed unknown -->
|cruise speed more
|cruise speed mph=<!-- if max speed unknown -->
|stall speed main=
|cruise speed kts=
|stall speed alt=
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|range km=
|never exceed speed alt=
|range main=
|range miles=
|range alt=
|range nmi=
|ferry range main=
|combat range km=
|ferry range alt=
|combat range miles=
|ferry range more=
|combat range nmi=
|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->
|ceiling main= 19,230 ft <ref name="Mason Bomber p172"> Mason 1994, p.172.</ref>
|ceiling alt= 5,860 m
|ceiling m=
|ceiling ft=19230
|climb rate main=
|ceiling note=<ref name="Mason Bomber p172">Mason 1994, p.172.</ref>
|climb rate alt=
|climb rate ms=
|loading main=
|climb rate ftmin=
|loading alt=
|time to altitude=13 min 24 s to {{convert|10000|ft|m|abbr=on}}<ref name="Mason Bomber p172"/>
|thrust/weight=
|more performance=
|power/mass main=
<!--
|power/mass alt=
Armament
|more performance=*'''Climb to 10,000 ft (3,050 m):''' 13 min 24 sec<ref name="Mason Bomber p172"/>
-->

|guns= 1× forward firing [[.303 British|.303 in]] (7.7 mm) [[Vickers machine gun]] and 1 × .303 in (7.7 mm) [[Lewis Gun]] on [[Scarff ring]] in rear cockpit
|guns= 1 × forward firing [[.303 British|.303 in]] (7.7 mm) [[Vickers machine gun]] and 1 × .303 in (7.7 mm) [[Lewis Gun]] on [[Scarff ring]] in rear cockpit
|bombs= Four light bombs under port wing
|bombs= 4 × light bombs under port wing
|rockets=
|rockets=
|missiles=
|missiles=
|hardpoints=
|hardpoints=
|hardpoint capacity=
|hardpoint capacity=
|hardpoint rockets=
|hardpoint missiles=
|hardpoint bombs=
|hardpoint other=


|avionics=
|avionics=
}}
}}


==See also==
==See also==
{{aircontent
{{aircontent
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==Notes==
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

==References==
==References==
{{refbegin}}
{{refbegin}}
*Jackson, A.J. ''De Havilland Aircraft since 1909''. London:Putnam, Third edition 1987. ISBN 0 85177 802 X.
*Jackson, A.J. ''De Havilland Aircraft since 1909''. London:Putnam, Third edition 1987. {{ISBN|0-85177-802-X}}.
* Mason, Francis K. ''The British Bomber since 1914''. London:Putnam, 1994. ISBN 0 85177 861 5.
* Mason, Francis K. ''The British Bomber since 1914''. London:Putnam, 1994. {{ISBN|0-85177-861-5}}.
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category|De Havilland DH.56 Hyena}}
*[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1927/1927%20-%200165.html De Havilland Hyena]
*[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1927/1927%20-%200165.html De Havilland Hyena]
{{de Havilland aircraft}}
{{Aviation lists}}


[[Category:British bomber aircraft 1920-1929]]
[[Category:1920s British bomber aircraft]]
[[Category:De Havilland aircraft|Hyena]]
[[Category:De Havilland aircraft|Hyena]]

Latest revision as of 22:33, 20 March 2020


DH.56 Hyena
The DH.56 Hyena J-7780
Role Army cooperation aircraft
National origin United Kingdom
Manufacturer de Havilland
First flight 17 May 1925
Number built 2
Developed from de Havilland DH.42B Dingo II

The de Havilland DH.56 Hyena was a prototype British army cooperation aircraft of the 1920s. A single-engined biplane, the Hyena was designed against an RAF requirement, but was unsuccessful with only two being built, the Armstrong Whitworth Atlas being preferred.

Development and design[edit]

The DH.56 Hyena was developed to meet the requirements of Air Ministry Specification 30/24 for an Army Cooperation aircraft to equip Britain's Royal Air Force.[1] It was a development of de Havilland's earlier DH.42B Dingo, and like the Dingo, was a single-engined two-bay biplane carrying a crew of two. It was armed with a forward-firing Vickers machine gun and a Lewis gun operated by the observer. A hook to pick up messages was fitted beneath the fuselage, while the aircraft was also equipped for photography, artillery spotting, supply dropping and bombing.[2]

The first Hyena flew on 17 May 1925,[1] powered by a 385 hp (287 kW) Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar III radial engine. With this engine it was underpowered, and was quickly re-engined with a 422 hp (315 kW) Jaguar IV before it was submitted for official testing (which was against the requirements of Specification 20/25, which had superseded 30/24).[1] The two prototype Hyenas were tested against the other competitors for the RAF's orders, the Armstrong Whitworth Atlas, the Bristol Bloodhound and the Vickers Vespa, including field evaluation with No. 4 Squadron RAF.[3] Handling close to the ground was found to be difficult, with a poor view from the cockpit, and the orders went to the Atlas, with the Hyena being abandoned, being used for testing at the Royal Aircraft Establishment, Farnborough until 1928.[1]

Specifications (Jaguar IV)[edit]

Data from De Havilland Aircraft since 1909 [4]

General characteristics

  • Crew: Two
  • Length: 29 ft 9 in (9.07 m)
  • Upper wingspan: 43 ft 0 in (13.11 m)
  • Lower wingspan: 41 ft 5+1⁄4 in (12.630 m)
  • Height: 10 ft 9 in (3.28 m)
  • Wing area: 421+1⁄4 sq ft (39.14 m2)
  • Empty weight: 2,399 lb (1,088 kg)
  • Max takeoff weight: 4,200 lb (1,905 kg)
  • Fuel capacity: 100 imp gal (120 US gal; 450 L)[2]
  • Powerplant: 1 × Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar IV 14-cylinder air-cooled radial engine, 422 hp (315 kW)

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 130 mph (210 km/h, 110 kn)
  • Service ceiling: 19,230 ft (5,860 m) [1]
  • Time to altitude: 13 min 24 s to 10,000 ft (3,000 m)[1]

Armament

See also[edit]

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f Mason 1994, p.172.
  2. ^ a b Jackson 1987, p.213.
  3. ^ Jackson 1987, pp. 214–215.
  4. ^ Jackson 1994, p.215.

References[edit]

  • Jackson, A.J. De Havilland Aircraft since 1909. London:Putnam, Third edition 1987. ISBN 0-85177-802-X.
  • Mason, Francis K. The British Bomber since 1914. London:Putnam, 1994. ISBN 0-85177-861-5.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to De Havilland DH.56 Hyena.
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