Otarocyon: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Extinct genus of carnivores}} |
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{{Taxobox |
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{{Automatic taxobox |
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|fossil_range = {{Fossil range| |
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|Oligocene}} |
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| image = Otarocyon cooki.jpeg |
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|regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
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| image_caption = Skull of ''Otarocyon cooki'' |
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|phylum = [[Chordata]] |
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|classis = [[Mammalia]] |
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|ordo = [[Carnivora]] |
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|familia = [[Canidae]] |
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|subfamilia = †[[Borophaginae]] |
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|genus = †'''''Otarocyon''''' |
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* †''O. cooki'' |
* †''O. cooki'' |
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* †''O. macdonaldi'' |
* †''O. macdonaldi'' |
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| range_map = Otarocyon range.png |
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| range_map_caption = Range of ''Otarocyon'' based on fossil distribution |
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}} |
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'''''Otarocyon''''' ("large eared dog") is an extinct genus of the |
'''''Otarocyon''''' ("large eared dog") is an extinct genus of the [[Borophaginae]] subfamily of [[canid]]s native to [[North America]]. It lived during the [[Oligocene]] epoch, about 33.3—20.6 Ma (million years ago).<ref>[http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=checkTaxonInfo&taxon_no=41227&is_real_user=1 PaleoBiology Database: ''Otarocyon'' Taxonomy, Species]</ref> Fossils have been found only in [[Montana]], [[Wyoming]], and [[South Dakota]].<ref name=Wang2008/> |
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==Taxonomy== |
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''Otarocyon'' was a small borophagine characterized by a short, broad [[skull]], a specialized [[middle ear]], simple, tall [[premolar]] teeth, and [[molar]] |
''Otarocyon'' was a small borophagine characterized by a short, broad [[skull]], a specialized [[middle ear]], simple, tall [[premolar]] teeth, and [[molar (tooth)|molars]] that are incipiently adapted to a [[hypocarnivore|hypocarnivorous]] diet. Despite its Oligocene age, the skull of ''Otarocyon'' shows several striking similarities to the living [[fennec fox]], particularly in the structure of its middle ear. The similarities are probably [[Convergent evolution|convergent]], but they suggest that ''Otarocyon'' may have been similar in its appearance and habits.<ref>[http://www.nhm.org/expeditions/rrc/wang/documents/Wangetal1999borophaginemonographpart1.pdf Phylogenetic systematics of the Borophaginae (Carnivora, Canidae)]</ref> |
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==Species== |
==Species== |
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*''O. macdonaldi'' <small>Wang ''et al.'' 1999</small>, Early Oligocene |
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*''O. cooki'' <small>Macdonald 1963</small>, Late Oligocene |
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| ⚫ | In addition to its earlier age, ''O. macdonaldi'' differs from ''O. cooki'' in being smaller and in showing lesser development of the specializations that characterize the genus. ''O. macdonaldi'' is also the earliest known member of the subfamily Borophaginae, although the later appearing ''[[Archaeocyon]]'' was more primitive.<ref name=Wang2008>{{cite book |last1= Wang |first1= Xiaoming | last2= Tedford | first2= Richard H. | date= 2008 |title= Dogs, Their Fossil Relatives and Evolutionary History |publisher= Columbia |page= 35 |isbn= 978-0-231-13528-3}}</ref> |
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==Sister genera== |
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''[[Archaeocyon]]'', ''[[Oxetocyon]]'', ''[[Rhizocyon]]'' |
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==Fossil distribution== |
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Fossils of ''Otarocyon'' have been collected from the [[Oligocene]] of [[South Dakota]], [[Montana]], [[Wyoming]]. |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{ |
{{Reflist}} |
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{{Canidae extinct nav}} |
{{Canidae extinct nav|state=collapsed}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q583006}} |
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[[nl:Otarocyon]] |
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[[Category:Oligocene mammals of North America]] |
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[[Category:Prehistoric carnivoran genera]] |
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[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1999]] |
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Latest revision as of 21:19, 19 March 2023
| Otarocyon Temporal range:
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| Skull of Otarocyon cooki | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Carnivora |
| Family: | Canidae |
| Subfamily: | †Borophaginae |
| Genus: | †Otarocyon Wang, Tedford, & Taylor, 1999 |
| Type species | |
| †Cynodesmus cooki | |
| Species | |
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| Range of Otarocyon based on fossil distribution | |
Otarocyon ("large eared dog") is an extinct genus of the Borophaginae subfamily of canids native to North America. It lived during the Oligocene epoch, about 33.3—20.6 Ma (million years ago).[1] Fossils have been found only in Montana, Wyoming, and South Dakota.[2]
Otarocyon was a small borophagine characterized by a short, broad skull, a specialized middle ear, simple, tall premolar teeth, and molars that are incipiently adapted to a hypocarnivorous diet. Despite its Oligocene age, the skull of Otarocyon shows several striking similarities to the living fennec fox, particularly in the structure of its middle ear. The similarities are probably convergent, but they suggest that Otarocyon may have been similar in its appearance and habits.[3]
Species[edit]
- O. macdonaldi Wang et al. 1999, Early Oligocene
- O. cooki Macdonald 1963, Late Oligocene
In addition to its earlier age, O. macdonaldi differs from O. cooki in being smaller and in showing lesser development of the specializations that characterize the genus. O. macdonaldi is also the earliest known member of the subfamily Borophaginae, although the later appearing Archaeocyon was more primitive.[2]
References[edit]
- ^ PaleoBiology Database: Otarocyon Taxonomy, Species
- ^ a b Wang, Xiaoming; Tedford, Richard H. (2008). Dogs, Their Fossil Relatives and Evolutionary History. Columbia. p. 35. ISBN 978-0-231-13528-3.
- ^ Phylogenetic systematics of the Borophaginae (Carnivora, Canidae)