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{{Short description|Berry and plant}}
{{taxobox
{{Speciesbox
|name = ''Vaccinium crassifolium''
|name = ''Vaccinium crassifolium''
|image = Vaccinium_crassifolium.jpg
|image = Vaccinium_crassifolium.jpg
|image_caption = A plant at the US Botanical Garden
|image_caption = [[United States Botanic Garden]]'s<br/>National Garden, [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]]
|status=G4
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|status_system=TNC
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|status_ref=<ref>{{cite web|url=https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.129705/Vaccinium_crassifolium|title=''Vaccinium crassifolium''|publisher=NatureServe|author=NatureServe|website=NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer|location=Arlington, Virginia|date=2 February 2024|access-date=3 February 2024}}</ref>
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
⚫
|taxon = Vaccinium crassifolium
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|authority = [[Henry Cranke Andrews|Andrews]]<ref>{{cite web |url= https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:261841-2 |title= Vaccinium crassifolium Andrews
|ordo = [[Ericales]]
|author=<!--Not stated--> |date=n.d. |website=Plants of the World Online |publisher=The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |access-date=October 14, 2022}}</ref>
|familia = [[Ericaceae]]
|synonyms_ref = <ref name = "fna"/>
|genus = ''[[Vaccinium]]''
|synonyms =
|species = '''''V. crassifolium'''''
*''Herpothamnus crassifolius'' <small>(Andrews) Small</small>
⚫
|binomial = ''Vaccinium crassifolium''
*''Vaccinium crassifolium'' subsp. ''sempervirens'' <small>(D.A.Rayner & J. Henderson) W.B.Kirkman & Ballington</small>
|binomial_authority = Andr.
*''Vaccinium sempervirens'' <small>D.A.Rayner & J.Henderson</small>
|}}
}}


'''''Vaccinium crassifolium''''', the '''creeping blueberry''', is a species of ''[[Vaccinium]]'' in the [[Ericaceae|heath family]]. It is native to the four [[Southeastern United States|southeastern U.S.]] states of [[Virginia]], [[North Carolina]], [[South Carolina]], and [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]. It is an [[evergreen]] [[shrub]] with shiny dark green to bronze leaves.
⚫
'''Creeping blueberry''' ('''''Vaccinium crassifolium''''') is a species of ''[[Vaccinium]]'' native to the southeastern [[United States]]. It is [[evergreen]] with shiny dark green to bronze [[Leaf|leaves]]. It has been cultivated since at least about 1787,<ref name="kirkman1990" /> and several [[cultivar]]s are available for planting as a [[Groundcover|ground cover]] in landscaping.<ref>{{cite book|isbn=0-88192-557-8|author=MacKenzie, David, S.|title=Perennial Ground Covers|page=309}}</ref>


==Distribution and habitat==
It is native to the [[Atlantic coastal plain|coastal plain]] of Georgia, the Carolinas, and southern Virginia, especially in [[pine barren]]s but also in disturbed settings like roadsides and other open areas.<ref>[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=VACR Creeping Blueberry], USDA, NRCS. 2006. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, consulted 2006-12-18). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.</ref><ref name="fna">[http://efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=250065712 15. Vaccinium crassifolium Andrews], ''[[Flora of North America]]''</ref>
''Vaccinium crassifolium'' is native to the [[Atlantic coastal plain|coastal plain]] of [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], the [[Carolinas]], and southeastern [[Virginia]], especially in [[pine barren]]s but also in disturbed settings like roadsides and other open areas.<ref name="fna">[http://efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=250065712 15. ''Vaccinium crassifolium'' Andrews], ''[[Flora of North America]]''</ref><ref>[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=VACR Creeping Blueberry], USDA, NRCS. 2006. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, consulted 2006-12-18). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.</ref><ref>[http://bonap.net/MapGallery/County/Vaccinium%20crassifolium.png Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map]</ref>


==Taxonomy==
==Taxonomy==
''Vaccinium crassifolium'' is the only species in ''Vaccinium'' sect. ''Herpothamnus''. Some sources have recognized a second species, ''V. sempervirens'', but recent authors combine the two into a single species.<ref name="fna" /><ref name="kirkman1990">{{citation |author1=Kirkman, W. B. |author2=J. R. Ballington |name-list-style=amp | date = Oct–Dec 1990 | title = Creeping blueberries (Ericaceae: ''Vaccinium'' sect. ''Herpothamnus'') - a new look at ''Vaccinium crassifolium'' including ''V. sempervirens'' | journal = Systematic Botany | doi = 10.2307/2419164 | volume = 15 | issue = 4 | pages = 679–699 |jstor=2419164 }}</ref>


''V. crassifolium'' is the only species in ''Vaccinium'' sect. ''Herpothamnus''. Some sources have recognized a second species, ''V. sempervirens'', but recent authors combine the two into a single species.<ref name="kirkman1990">{{citation | author = Kirkman, W. B. & J. R. Ballington | date = Oct–Dec 1990 | title = Creeping blueberries (Ericaceae: ''Vaccinium'' sect. ''Herpothamnus'') - a new look at ''Vaccinium crassifolium'' including ''V. sempervirens'' | journal = Systematic Botany | doi = 10.2307/2419164 | volume = 15 | issue = 4 | pages = 679–699 }}</ref><ref name="fna" /> Creeping blueberries, although they are native to North America, do not seem to be most closely related to North American blueberries, but instead to South American ''Vaccinium'' species.<ref name="kirkman1990"/>
Creeping blueberries, although they are native to North America, do not seem to be most closely related to North American blueberries, but instead to South American ''Vaccinium'' species.<ref name="kirkman1990"/>


==Medicinal usage==
==Uses==


===Medicinal===
The leaves have [[Herbalism|medicinal]] properties similar to [[bearberry]] (''Arctostaphylos uva-ursi'').<ref>[http://www.henriettesherbal.com/eclectic/sayre/vaccinium.html 416. VACCINIUM CRASSIFOLIUM], A Manual of Organic Materia Medica and Pharmacognosy, by Lucius E. Sayre, B.S. Ph. M., 1917.</ref>
The leaves resemble [[bearberry]] (''Arctostaphylos uva-ursi''), and may be used in [[herbalism]] in its place.<ref>[http://www.henriettesherbal.com/eclectic/sayre/vaccinium.html 416. Vaccinium crassifolium], A Manual of Organic Materia Medica and Pharmacognosy, by Lucius E. Sayre, B.S. Ph. M., 1917.</ref>

===Cultivation===
⚫
''Vaccinium crassifolium'' has been cultivated since at least about 1787,<ref name="kirkman1990" /> and several [[cultivar]]s are available for planting as a [[Groundcover|ground cover]] in landscaping [[garden]]s.<ref>{{cite book|author=MacKenzie, David S.|title=Perennial Ground Covers|year=2002|isbn=0-88192-557-8|page=309}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=VACR United States Department of Agriculture plants profile— ''Vaccinium crassifolium'']


{{Taxonbar|from=Q7907962}}
<references/>


[[Category:Vaccinium]]
[[Category:Vaccinium|crassifolium]]
[[Category:Berries]]
[[Category:Flora of the Southeastern United States]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1800]]
[[Category:Bird food plants]]
[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Henry Cranke Andrews]]




Latest revision as of 19:59, 3 February 2024

Vaccinium crassifolium
United States Botanic Garden's
National Garden, Washington

Apparently Secure  (NatureServe)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Ericaceae
Genus: Vaccinium
Species:
V. crassifolium
Binomial name
Vaccinium crassifolium
Synonyms[3]
  • Herpothamnus crassifolius (Andrews) Small
  • Vaccinium crassifolium subsp. sempervirens (D.A.Rayner & J. Henderson) W.B.Kirkman & Ballington
  • Vaccinium sempervirens D.A.Rayner & J.Henderson

Vaccinium crassifolium, the creeping blueberry, is a species of Vaccinium in the heath family. It is native to the four southeastern U.S. states of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. It is an evergreen shrub with shiny dark green to bronze leaves.

Distribution and habitat[edit]

Vaccinium crassifolium is native to the coastal plain of Georgia, the Carolinas, and southeastern Virginia, especially in pine barrens but also in disturbed settings like roadsides and other open areas.[3][4][5]

Taxonomy[edit]

Vaccinium crassifolium is the only species in Vaccinium sect. Herpothamnus. Some sources have recognized a second species, V. sempervirens, but recent authors combine the two into a single species.[3][6]

Creeping blueberries, although they are native to North America, do not seem to be most closely related to North American blueberries, but instead to South American Vaccinium species.[6]

Uses[edit]

Medicinal[edit]

The leaves resemble bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi), and may be used in herbalism in its place.[7]

Cultivation[edit]

Vaccinium crassifolium has been cultivated since at least about 1787,[6] and several cultivars are available for planting as a ground cover in landscaping gardens.[8]

References[edit]

  1. ^ NatureServe (2 February 2024). "Vaccinium crassifolium". NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia: NatureServe. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
  2. ^ "Vaccinium crassifolium Andrews". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved October 14, 2022.
  3. ^ a b c 15. Vaccinium crassifolium Andrews, Flora of North America
  4. ^ Creeping Blueberry, USDA, NRCS. 2006. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, consulted 2006-12-18). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
  5. ^ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
  6. ^ a b c Kirkman, W. B. & J. R. Ballington (Oct–Dec 1990), "Creeping blueberries (Ericaceae: Vaccinium sect. Herpothamnus) - a new look at Vaccinium crassifolium including V. sempervirens", Systematic Botany, 15 (4): 679–699, doi:10.2307/2419164, JSTOR 2419164
  7. ^ 416. Vaccinium crassifolium, A Manual of Organic Materia Medica and Pharmacognosy, by Lucius E. Sayre, B.S. Ph. M., 1917.
  8. ^ MacKenzie, David S. (2002). Perennial Ground Covers. p. 309. ISBN 0-88192-557-8.

External links[edit]


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