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==Positions==
==Positions==
A 1966 article in the ''[[New York Times]]'' described the organization as an "ultra-right-wing... political-economic rather than medical" group, and historically some of its leaders have been members of the [[John Birch Society]].<ref>[http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0714F73F55117B93C2AA178DD85F428685F9 New Power in A.M.A.; Milford Owen Rouse], published [[June 30]] [[1966]] in the ''[[New York Times]]''. Accessed [[March 16]] [[2007]].</ref>

Currently, the organization opposes mandatory [[vaccination]],<ref>{{cite web | title=AAPS Mandatory Vaccine Factsheet | publisher=AAPS website | url=http://www.aapsonline.org/testimony/mandvac.htm | accessdate=2007-02-23}}</ref> [[universal health care]]<ref>{{cite web | title=AAPS Petition | publisher=AAPS website | url=http://www.aapsonline.org/alerts/singlepaypetition.htm | accessdate=2007-02-23}}</ref> and government intervention in healthcare.<ref>{{cite web | title=AAPS Letter Against Healthcare Reform | publisher=AAPS website | url=http://www.aapsonline.org/confiden/hr4157-letter.php | accessdate=2007-02-23}}</ref> The AAPS has characterized the effects of the [[Social Security Act of 1965]], which established [[Medicare (United States)|Medicare]] and [[Medicaid]], as "evil" and "immoral",<ref>[http://www.aapsonline.org/brochures/princip.htm Principles of the AAPS], from the AAPS website. Accessed [[March 10]] [[2007]].</ref> and encouraged members to avoid participating in Medicare and Medicaid.<ref>[http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0A11FE3A54177A93C7A91783D85F418685F9 Medicare Boycott Urged for Doctors], published [[August 5]] [[1965]] in the ''[[New York Times]]''. Accessed [[March 16]] [[2007]].</ref><ref>[http://www.aapsonline.org/medicare/optoutnotes.htm Notes on Opting Out of Medicare], from the AAPS website. Accessed [[March 10]] [[2007]].</ref> AAPS believes that there is no [[right]] to medical care, and opposes efforts to implement a national health plan.<ref>[http://www.aapsonline.org/resolutions/2001-1.htm RESOLUTION 2001-1: Medical Care Is NOT a Right], from the AAPS website. Accessed [[March 10]] [[2007]].</ref> The organization also opposes the use of [[evidence-based medicine]] and practice guidelines as a usurpation of physician [[autonomy]].<ref>[http://www.aapsonline.org/newsletters/jan06.php The Standard of Care], from the AAPS website. Accessed [[March 10]] [[2007]].</ref>
Currently, the organization opposes mandatory [[vaccination]],<ref>{{cite web | title=AAPS Mandatory Vaccine Factsheet | publisher=AAPS website | url=http://www.aapsonline.org/testimony/mandvac.htm | accessdate=2007-02-23}}</ref> [[universal health care]]<ref>{{cite web | title=AAPS Petition | publisher=AAPS website | url=http://www.aapsonline.org/alerts/singlepaypetition.htm | accessdate=2007-02-23}}</ref> and government intervention in healthcare.<ref>{{cite web | title=AAPS Letter Against Healthcare Reform | publisher=AAPS website | url=http://www.aapsonline.org/confiden/hr4157-letter.php | accessdate=2007-02-23}}</ref> The AAPS has characterized the effects of the [[Social Security Act of 1965]], which established [[Medicare (United States)|Medicare]] and [[Medicaid]], as "evil" and "immoral",<ref>[http://www.aapsonline.org/brochures/princip.htm Principles of the AAPS], from the AAPS website. Accessed [[March 10]] [[2007]].</ref> and encouraged members to avoid participating in Medicare and Medicaid.<ref>[http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0A11FE3A54177A93C7A91783D85F418685F9 Medicare Boycott Urged for Doctors], published [[August 5]] [[1965]] in the ''[[New York Times]]''. Accessed [[March 16]] [[2007]].</ref><ref>[http://www.aapsonline.org/medicare/optoutnotes.htm Notes on Opting Out of Medicare], from the AAPS website. Accessed [[March 10]] [[2007]].</ref> AAPS believes that there is no [[right]] to medical care, and opposes efforts to implement a national health plan.<ref>[http://www.aapsonline.org/resolutions/2001-1.htm RESOLUTION 2001-1: Medical Care Is NOT a Right], from the AAPS website. Accessed [[March 10]] [[2007]].</ref> The organization also opposes the use of [[evidence-based medicine]] and practice guidelines as a usurpation of physician [[autonomy]].<ref>[http://www.aapsonline.org/newsletters/jan06.php The Standard of Care], from the AAPS website. Accessed [[March 10]] [[2007]].</ref>


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Articles published in the journal have argued that the [[Food and Drug Administration]] and [[Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services]] are [[constitutionality|unconstitutional]],<ref>[http://www.haciendapub.com/albright2.html The FDA and HCFA (Part II): Unconstitutional Regulatory Agencies], by James A. Albright, MD. Published in ''Medical Sentinel'', 2000;5(6):205-208.</ref> that "[[humanist]]s" have conspired to replace the "creation religion of Jehovah" with [[evolution]],<ref>[http://www.haciendapub.com/caine6.html Conspiracy --- Part III], by Curtis W. Caine, MD. Published in ''Medical Sentinel'', 1999;4(6):224.</ref> that [[AIDS reappraisal|HIV does not cause AIDS]],<ref>[http://www.haciendapub.com/v2n3.html AIDS - A Heterosexual Epidemic? by Michael Fumento and AIDS - Inventing a Virus? by Peter H. Duesberg, PhD]. From ''Medical Sentinel'', Volume 2, No. 3, Summer 1997.</ref> and that the "gay male lifestyle" shortens life expectancy by 20 years.<ref>[http://www.jpands.org/vol10no3/lehrman.pdf Homosexuality: Some Neglected Considerations], by Nathaniel S. Lehrman, MD. Published in ''Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons'', Volume 10, Number 3 (Fall 2005), pp. 80-82.</ref> A series of articles by [[pro-life]] authors also claimed a [[abortion-breast cancer hypothesis|link between abortion and breast cancer]];<ref>[http://www.jpands.org/vol8no2/malec.pdf The Abortion-Breast Cancer Link: How Politics Trumped Science and Informed Consent], by Karen Malec. Published in ''Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons'', Volume 8, Number 2 (Summer 2003), pp. 41-45.</ref><ref>[http://www.jpands.org/vol10no4/brind.pdf Induced Abortion as an Independent Risk Factor for Breast Cancer: A Critical Review of Recent Studies Based on Prospective Data], by Joel Brind, Ph.D. Published in ''Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons'', Volume 10, Number 4 (Winter 2005), pp. 105-110.</ref> such a link has been rejected by the [[National Cancer Institute]].<ref>[http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Risk/abortion-miscarriage Abortion, Miscarriage, and Breast Cancer Risk]. Fact sheet from the [[National Cancer Institute]]. Accessed [[March 11]] [[2007]].</ref>
Articles published in the journal have argued that the [[Food and Drug Administration]] and [[Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services]] are [[constitutionality|unconstitutional]],<ref>[http://www.haciendapub.com/albright2.html The FDA and HCFA (Part II): Unconstitutional Regulatory Agencies], by James A. Albright, MD. Published in ''Medical Sentinel'', 2000;5(6):205-208.</ref> that "[[humanist]]s" have conspired to replace the "creation religion of Jehovah" with [[evolution]],<ref>[http://www.haciendapub.com/caine6.html Conspiracy --- Part III], by Curtis W. Caine, MD. Published in ''Medical Sentinel'', 1999;4(6):224.</ref> that [[AIDS reappraisal|HIV does not cause AIDS]],<ref>[http://www.haciendapub.com/v2n3.html AIDS - A Heterosexual Epidemic? by Michael Fumento and AIDS - Inventing a Virus? by Peter H. Duesberg, PhD]. From ''Medical Sentinel'', Volume 2, No. 3, Summer 1997.</ref> and that the "gay male lifestyle" shortens life expectancy by 20 years.<ref>[http://www.jpands.org/vol10no3/lehrman.pdf Homosexuality: Some Neglected Considerations], by Nathaniel S. Lehrman, MD. Published in ''Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons'', Volume 10, Number 3 (Fall 2005), pp. 80-82.</ref> A series of articles by [[pro-life]] authors also claimed a [[abortion-breast cancer hypothesis|link between abortion and breast cancer]];<ref>[http://www.jpands.org/vol8no2/malec.pdf The Abortion-Breast Cancer Link: How Politics Trumped Science and Informed Consent], by Karen Malec. Published in ''Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons'', Volume 8, Number 2 (Summer 2003), pp. 41-45.</ref><ref>[http://www.jpands.org/vol10no4/brind.pdf Induced Abortion as an Independent Risk Factor for Breast Cancer: A Critical Review of Recent Studies Based on Prospective Data], by Joel Brind, Ph.D. Published in ''Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons'', Volume 10, Number 4 (Winter 2005), pp. 105-110.</ref> such a link has been rejected by the [[National Cancer Institute]].<ref>[http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Risk/abortion-miscarriage Abortion, Miscarriage, and Breast Cancer Risk]. Fact sheet from the [[National Cancer Institute]]. Accessed [[March 11]] [[2007]].</ref>

The journal is not listed in the major literature databases of [[MEDLINE]]/[[PubMed]]<ref>{{cite web | url=ftp://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/pubmed/J_Medline.txt | title=[[PubMed]] database | accessdate=2007-02-14}}</ref> nor the [[Web of Science]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://scientific.thomson.com/products/wos/ | title=[[Web of Science]] | accessdate=2007-02-14}}</ref> [[Quackwatch]] lists JPandS as an untrustworthy, non-recommended periodical.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.quackwatch.org/04ConsumerEducation/nonrecperiodical.html | author=[[Stephen Barrett|Barrett, S.]], M.D | title=Nonrecommended Periodicals | accessdate=2007-02-12 | publisher=[[Quackwatch]]}}</ref> The [[World Health Organization]] found that a 2003 article on vaccination published in the journal had "a number of limitations which undermine the conclusions drawn by the authors", although it noted that the matters raised in the paper were of sufficient importance that "WHO and GACVS will continue to keep the issue under careful and ongoing review."<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.who.int/vaccine_safety/topics/thiomersal/statement/en/index.html | title=Position of the Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety regarding concerns raised by paper about the safety of thiomersal-containing vaccines | publisher=[[World Health Organisation|WHO]] | accessdate=2007-02-14}}</ref>

[[Investigative journalist]] [[Brian Deer]] wrote that the journal is the "house magazine of a right-wing American fringe group [AAPS]" and "is barely credible as an independent forum."<ref>{{cite web | url=http://briandeer.com/wakefield/private-eye.htm | title=Bitter Heather Mills defends credibility as Wakefield anti-MMR campaign crumbles | publisher=BrianDeer.com | accessdate=2007-02-14}}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 02:50, 16 May 2007

The Association of American Physicians and Surgeons (AAPS) is a politically conservative association of physicians, medical professionals and students, patients and others,[1] founded in 1943.[2] According to the AAPS's website, the organization is "dedicated to the highest ethical standards of the Oath of Hippocrates and to preserving the sanctity of the patient-physician relationship and the practice of private medicine",[3] and to "supporting the principles of the free market in medical practice."[1] The motto of the AAPS is omnia pro aegroto which means "all for the patient."

The group had approximately 4,000 members in 2005.[4] Notable members include Ron Paul and John Cooksey.[5] The executive director is Jane Orient, professor of clinical medicine at the Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine.

Positions

A 1966 article in the New York Times described the organization as an "ultra-right-wing... political-economic rather than medical" group, and historically some of its leaders have been members of the John Birch Society.[6]

Currently, the organization opposes mandatory vaccination,[7] universal health care[8] and government intervention in healthcare.[9] The AAPS has characterized the effects of the Social Security Act of 1965, which established Medicare and Medicaid, as "evil" and "immoral",[10] and encouraged members to avoid participating in Medicare and Medicaid.[11][12] AAPS believes that there is no right to medical care, and opposes efforts to implement a national health plan.[13] The organization also opposes the use of evidence-based medicine and practice guidelines as a usurpation of physician autonomy.[14]

AAPS opposes abortion[15] and over-the-counter access to emergency contraception.[16]

AAPS helped appeal the conviction of Virginia internist William Hurwitz, who was sentenced to 25 years in federal prison years for prescribing narcotic drugs in excessive quantities after 16 former patients testified against him.[17] Dr Hurwitz was granted a retrial in 2006 [18]

In 2004, AAPS filed a brief on behalf of Rush Limbaugh.[19] In 1975, they went to court to block enforcement of a new Social Security amendment that would monitor the treatment given Medicare and Medicaid patients.[20] More recently, they have been involved in litigation against HIPAA, arguing that it is violates the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution by allowing government access to certain medical data without a warrant.[21] In 2006 the group called attention to sham peer review.[22]

Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons

The Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons (JPandS), until 2003 named the Medical Sentinel,[23][24] is the journal of the association. Its mission statement includes "… a commitment to publishing scholarly articles in defense of the practice of private medicine, the pursuit of integrity in medical research … Political correctness, dogmatism and orthodoxy will be challenged with logical reasoning, valid data and the scientific method." Articles in the journal are subject to a double-blind peer-review process.[25]

Articles published in the journal have argued that the Food and Drug Administration and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services are unconstitutional,[26] that "humanists" have conspired to replace the "creation religion of Jehovah" with evolution,[27] that HIV does not cause AIDS,[28] and that the "gay male lifestyle" shortens life expectancy by 20 years.[29] A series of articles by pro-life authors also claimed a link between abortion and breast cancer;[30][31] such a link has been rejected by the National Cancer Institute.[32]

The journal is not listed in the major literature databases of MEDLINE/PubMed[33] nor the Web of Science.[34] Quackwatch lists JPandS as an untrustworthy, non-recommended periodical.[35] The World Health Organization found that a 2003 article on vaccination published in the journal had "a number of limitations which undermine the conclusions drawn by the authors", although it noted that the matters raised in the paper were of sufficient importance that "WHO and GACVS will continue to keep the issue under careful and ongoing review."[36]

Investigative journalist Brian Deer wrote that the journal is the "house magazine of a right-wing American fringe group [AAPS]" and "is barely credible as an independent forum."[37]

References

  1. ^ a b "AAPS membership information". AAPS website. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  2. ^ "Portent". TIME magazine. 8 May 1944. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  3. ^ "AAPS Online". AAPS website. Retrieved 2006-01-30.
  4. ^ "Doctors Who Hurt Doctors". TIME magazine. 7 August 2005. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  5. ^ AAPS (October 2002). "Volume 58, No. 10 October 2002". Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  6. ^ New Power in A.M.A.; Milford Owen Rouse, published June 30 1966 in the New York Times. Accessed March 16 2007.
  7. ^ "AAPS Mandatory Vaccine Factsheet". AAPS website. Retrieved 2007-02-23.
  8. ^ "AAPS Petition". AAPS website. Retrieved 2007-02-23.
  9. ^ "AAPS Letter Against Healthcare Reform". AAPS website. Retrieved 2007-02-23.
  10. ^ Principles of the AAPS, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 10 2007.
  11. ^ Medicare Boycott Urged for Doctors, published August 5 1965 in the New York Times. Accessed March 16 2007.
  12. ^ Notes on Opting Out of Medicare, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 10 2007.
  13. ^ RESOLUTION 2001-1: Medical Care Is NOT a Right, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 10 2007.
  14. ^ The Standard of Care, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 10 2007.
  15. ^ Resolution passed by the Assembly - Affirming the Sanctity of Human Life, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 12 2007.
  16. ^ Comments re: Docket No. 2005N-0345, RIN 0910-AF72, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 12 2007.
  17. ^ "Why Is The DEA Hounding This Doctor?". TIME magazine. 18 July 2005. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  18. ^ "Pain Doctor William Hurwitz to Get New Trial".
  19. ^ "Doctors Group: Limbaugh Medical Records Seizure Unlawful". NewsMax.com. 22 February 2004. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  20. ^ "Review for Doctors". TIME magazine. 1 December 1975. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  21. ^ Peters, S. (October 2001). "Physicians File Lawsuit To Overturn HIPAA". Internal Medicine News. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  22. ^ Lawrence R. Huntoon (May 9, 2006). "Sham Peer Review: A National Epidemic". Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  23. ^ "Medical Sentinel". Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  24. ^ "Major Changes to AAPS Peer-Reviewed Journal". AAPS website. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  25. ^ "Manuscript information for authors" (PDF). JPandS website. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  26. ^ The FDA and HCFA (Part II): Unconstitutional Regulatory Agencies, by James A. Albright, MD. Published in Medical Sentinel, 2000;5(6):205-208.
  27. ^ Conspiracy --- Part III, by Curtis W. Caine, MD. Published in Medical Sentinel, 1999;4(6):224.
  28. ^ AIDS - A Heterosexual Epidemic? by Michael Fumento and AIDS - Inventing a Virus? by Peter H. Duesberg, PhD. From Medical Sentinel, Volume 2, No. 3, Summer 1997.
  29. ^ Homosexuality: Some Neglected Considerations, by Nathaniel S. Lehrman, MD. Published in Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons, Volume 10, Number 3 (Fall 2005), pp. 80-82.
  30. ^ The Abortion-Breast Cancer Link: How Politics Trumped Science and Informed Consent, by Karen Malec. Published in Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons, Volume 8, Number 2 (Summer 2003), pp. 41-45.
  31. ^ Induced Abortion as an Independent Risk Factor for Breast Cancer: A Critical Review of Recent Studies Based on Prospective Data, by Joel Brind, Ph.D. Published in Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons, Volume 10, Number 4 (Winter 2005), pp. 105-110.
  32. ^ Abortion, Miscarriage, and Breast Cancer Risk. Fact sheet from the National Cancer Institute. Accessed March 11 2007.
  33. ^ "[[PubMed]] database". Retrieved 2007-02-14. {{cite web}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help)
  34. ^ "[[Web of Science]]". Retrieved 2007-02-14. {{cite web}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help)
  35. ^ Barrett, S., M.D. "Nonrecommended Periodicals". Quackwatch. Retrieved 2007-02-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  36. ^ "Position of the Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety regarding concerns raised by paper about the safety of thiomersal-containing vaccines". WHO. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  37. ^ "Bitter Heather Mills defends credibility as Wakefield anti-MMR campaign crumbles". BrianDeer.com. Retrieved 2007-02-14.

External links

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