Lakandula: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox |
{{Infobox monarch |
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|name = Lakan Dula |
|name = Lakan Dula |
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|title = [[Lakan]] (King) of Tondo. |
|title = [[Lakan]] (King) of Tondo. |
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|image = |
|image = |
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|caption = |
|caption = |
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|reign = [[1558]] – [[1571]] |
|reign = [[1558]] – [[1571]] |
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|othertitles = [[Lakan]] |
|othertitles = [[Lakan]] |
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[[Phelipe Salonga]]<br/> |
[[Phelipe Salonga]]<br/> |
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Doña [[Maria Poloin]]<br/> |
Doña [[Maria Poloin]]<br/> |
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| predecessor = [[Rajah Sulaiman I]] |
| predecessor = [[Rajah Sulaiman I]] |
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| successor = [[Rajah Sulaiman III]] |
| successor = [[Rajah Sulaiman III]] |
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'''Lakan Banaw Dula''' (1503–1589), often referred to simply by his title '''Lakan Dula''', and later baptised '''Carlos Lacandula'''{{Citation needed|date=August |
'''Lakan Banaw Dula''' (1503–1589), often referred to simply by his title '''Lakan Dula''', and later baptised '''Carlos Lacandula'''{{Citation needed|date=August 2011}}, was the ''[[Lakan]]'' (ruler) of the pre-colonial Philippine [[Kingdom of Tondo]] when the [[Spain|Spaniards]] first conquered the lands of the [[Pasig River]] delta in the 1570s.<ref name="JoaquinManila">{{cite book |
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| last = Joaqiun |
| last = Joaqiun |
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| first = Nick |
| first = Nick |
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| authorlink = Nick Joaqiun |
| authorlink = Nick Joaqiun |
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| coauthors = |
| coauthors = |
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| title =Manila, My Manila: A History for the Young |
| title =Manila, My Manila: A History for the Young |
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| publisher = Anvil Publishing, Inc. |
| publisher = Anvil Publishing, Inc. |
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| date = 1990 |
| date = 1990 |
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| location = City of Manila |
| location = City of Manila |
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| isbn = 978-9715693134 }}</ref> Another common variation of the name is '''Gatdula'''.<ref name="ScottLooking">{{cite book |
| isbn = 978-9715693134 }}</ref> Another common variation of the name is '''Gatdula'''.<ref name="ScottLooking">{{cite book |
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| last = Scott |
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| isbn = 971-10-0524-7 }}</ref> He is sometimes erroneously referred to as '''Rajah Lakandula'''; the terms "Rajah" and "Lakan" have the same meaning therefore making the appellation redundant.<ref name="JoaquinManila"/> |
| isbn = 971-10-0524-7 }}</ref> He is sometimes erroneously referred to as '''Rajah Lakandula'''; the terms "Rajah" and "Lakan" have the same meaning therefore making the appellation redundant.<ref name="JoaquinManila"/> |
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Along with [[Rajah Matanda]] and [[Rajah Sulayman]], he was one of three Rajahs who played significant roles in the Spanish conquest of the kingdoms of the [[Pasig River]] delta in the early 1570s. |
Along with [[Rajah Matanda]] and [[Rajah Sulayman]], he was one of three Rajahs who played significant roles in the Spanish conquest of the kingdoms of the [[Pasig River]] delta in the early 1570s. |
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| last = Dery |
| last = Dery |
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| first = Luis Camara |
| first = Luis Camara |
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| title = A History of the Inarticulate |
| title = A History of the Inarticulate |
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| isbn = 971-10-1069-0 }}</ref><ref name="ScottBarangay">{{cite book |
| isbn = 971-10-1069-0 }}</ref><ref name="ScottBarangay">{{cite book |
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| pages = page 192 |
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| isbn = 971-550-135-4 }}</ref> "Lakan", on the other hand, was a title specifically used for the monarchs of the Kingdom of Tondo.<ref name="inarticulate"/> Banaw was the personal name of the individual who was ruler of the Kingdom of Tondo at the time of the Spanish advent. |
| isbn = 971-550-135-4 }}</ref> "Lakan", on the other hand, was a title specifically used for the monarchs of the Kingdom of Tondo.<ref name="inarticulate"/> Banaw was the personal name of the individual who was ruler of the Kingdom of Tondo at the time of the Spanish advent. |
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== Descendants == |
== Descendants == |
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Lakan Dula was the most prolific of Luzon's ancient rulers. His descendants are spread out all across the Kapampangan Region during the Spanish colonial era.<ref name="Santiago"/> He fathered at least four sons, namely '''Don Dionisio Capulong''', the Datu of [[Candaba]], '''Don Phelipe Salonga''', the Datu of Pulu, '''Magat Salamat''', the Datu of Tondo and '''Don Martin Lakandula''' who entered the Agustinian order as a lay brother in 1590.<ref name="Santiago"/> He had one daughter by the name of Doña Maria Poloin who married Don Alonso Talabos. |
Lakan Dula was the most prolific of Luzon's ancient rulers. His descendants are spread out all across the Kapampangan Region during the Spanish colonial era.<ref name="Santiago"/> He fathered at least four sons, namely '''Don Dionisio Capulong''', the Datu of [[Candaba]], '''Don Phelipe Salonga''', the Datu of Pulu, '''Magat Salamat''', the Datu of Tondo and '''Don Martin Lakandula''' who entered the Agustinian order as a lay brother in 1590.<ref name="Santiago"/> He had one daughter by the name of Doña Maria Poloin who married Don Alonso Talabos. |
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Lakan Dula's sons and nephews were after implicated in the [[Revolt of the Lakans]] of 1588, a conspiracy meant to overthrow Spanish that was spearheaded by the former ruling class of the defeated Luzon Empire. His son Magat Salamat was executed by the Spanish authorities while the rest were executed. |
Lakan Dula's sons and nephews were after implicated in the [[Revolt of the Lakans]] of 1588, a conspiracy meant to overthrow Spanish that was spearheaded by the former ruling class of the defeated Luzon Empire. His son Magat Salamat was executed by the Spanish authorities while the rest were executed. |
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In 1587 Magat Salamat, one of the children of Lakan Dula, and Augustin de Legazpi, Lakan Dula's nephew, and the chiefs of the neighboring areas of Tondo, Pandacan, Marikina, Candaba, Navotas and Bulacan were executed for secretly conspiring to overthrow the Spanish colonizers. Stories were told that Magat Salamat's descendants settled in Hagonoy, Bulacan and many of his descendants spread from this area. |
In 1587 Magat Salamat, one of the children of Lakan Dula, and Augustin de Legazpi, Lakan Dula's nephew, and the chiefs of the neighboring areas of Tondo, Pandacan, Marikina, Candaba, Navotas and Bulacan were executed for secretly conspiring to overthrow the Spanish colonizers. Stories were told that Magat Salamat's descendants settled in Hagonoy, Bulacan and many of his descendants spread from this area. |
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David Dula y Goiti, a grandson of Lakan Dula with a Spanish mother escaped the persecution of the descendants of Lakan Dula by settling in Isla de Batag, Northern Samar and settled in the place now called Candawid (Kan David). Due to hatred for the Spaniards, he dropped the Goiti in his surname and adopted a new name David Dulay. He was eventually caught by the Guardia Civil based in Palapag and was executed together with seven followers. They were charged with planning to attack the Spanish detachment.<ref name="http://www.reference.com/browse/radjahs"/> |
David Dula y Goiti, a grandson of Lakan Dula with a Spanish mother escaped the persecution of the descendants of Lakan Dula by settling in Isla de Batag, Northern Samar and settled in the place now called Candawid (Kan David). Due to hatred for the Spaniards, he dropped the Goiti in his surname and adopted a new name David Dulay. He was eventually caught by the Guardia Civil based in Palapag and was executed together with seven followers. They were charged with planning to attack the Spanish detachment.<ref name="http://www.reference.com/browse/radjahs"/> |
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Learning from this experience, his great grandson Don Juan Macapagal, Master-of-Camp and Datu of Arayat, aided the Spanish authorities in suppressing the 1660 Kapampangan Revolt of Don Francisco Maniago and the Pangasinan Revolt of Don Andres Malong, and the 1661 Ilocano Revolt. Because of his service to the Spanish crown, the Spanish authorities revived the special privileges offered by the Spanish crown to Lakan Dula and his descendants spread across the province of [[Pampanga]].<ref name=Santiago /> A Gremio de Lakandulas was created in 1758 to safeguard the rights and privileges of the [[Kapampangan people|Kapampangan]] descendants of Lakan Dula.<ref name="Santiago"/> During the British invasion of 1762-64, the descendants of Lakan Dula, now concentrated in the province of Pampanga, formed a company of volunteers to fight the British and were granted autonomy by Governor General Simon de Anda.<ref name="Santiago"/> |
Learning from this experience, his great grandson Don Juan Macapagal, Master-of-Camp and Datu of Arayat, aided the Spanish authorities in suppressing the 1660 Kapampangan Revolt of Don Francisco Maniago and the Pangasinan Revolt of Don Andres Malong, and the 1661 Ilocano Revolt. Because of his service to the Spanish crown, the Spanish authorities revived the special privileges offered by the Spanish crown to Lakan Dula and his descendants spread across the province of [[Pampanga]].<ref name=Santiago /> A Gremio de Lakandulas was created in 1758 to safeguard the rights and privileges of the [[Kapampangan people|Kapampangan]] descendants of Lakan Dula.<ref name="Santiago"/> During the British invasion of 1762-64, the descendants of Lakan Dula, now concentrated in the province of Pampanga, formed a company of volunteers to fight the British and were granted autonomy by Governor General Simon de Anda.<ref name="Santiago"/> |
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Revision as of 05:32, 28 August 2011
 | This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. The specific problem is: needs to be expanded, checked for factual inconsistencies, and checked for evenness and consistency of writing style. (August 2011) |
| Lakan Dula | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lakan (King) of Tondo. | |||||
| Reign | 1558 – 1571 | ||||
| Predecessor | Rajah Sulaiman I | ||||
| Successor | Rajah Sulaiman III | ||||
| Issue | Batang Dula Magat Salamat | ||||
| |||||
| House | Kingdom of Tondo | ||||
Lakan Banaw Dula (1503–1589), often referred to simply by his title Lakan Dula, and later baptised Carlos Lacandula[citation needed], was the Lakan (ruler) of the pre-colonial Philippine Kingdom of Tondo when the Spaniards first conquered the lands of the Pasig River delta in the 1570s.[1] Another common variation of the name is Gatdula.[2] He is sometimes erroneously referred to as Rajah Lakandula; the terms "Rajah" and "Lakan" have the same meaning therefore making the appellation redundant.[1]
Along with Rajah Matanda and Rajah Sulayman, he was one of three Rajahs who played significant roles in the Spanish conquest of the kingdoms of the Pasig River delta in the early 1570s.
Lakan as title used by the rulers of Tondo
The title "Lakan" refers to a monarch and was the equivalent of "Rajah" or "King." [3][4] "Lakan", on the other hand, was a title specifically used for the monarchs of the Kingdom of Tondo.[3] Banaw was the personal name of the individual who was ruler of the Kingdom of Tondo at the time of the Spanish advent.
Etymology of the "Lakan" title
In (Kapampangan, the word Lakan means "lord" and the word dula means "palace", such that the title literally meant "Lord of the Palace."[5]
In the Gatdula variant of the name, the word or prefix Gat is a shortened version of the Tagalog honorific "Pamagat", which at the time meant "nobleman," such that the variant literally read "Nobleman of the Palace", which meant essentially the same thing as the Kapampangan version.[2]
"Lakan" instead of "Rajah"
With the term "Rajah" and "Lakan" meaning the same thing, the "Rajah Lakandula" variation of the title was also never used in the original sources pertaining to Lakandula[6], and Philippine historian and national artist for literature Nick Joaquin takes pains to point out that the term Lakan, not Rajah, was used by the rulers of the Kingdom of Tondo.[1]
Life
![[icon]](/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2011) |
The best way to describe the historical Carlos Lakandula is through the 1665 notarized document written as an endorsement of his great-grandson, Don Juan Macapagal, Master-of-Camp and Datu of Arayat:[7]
Don Carlos Lacandola, his great-grandfather, was Lord and principal of the town of Tondo, and other surrounding towns, whose natives paid him tribute and vassalage and other recognition as their natural lord, and when ships from China came to this bay, they similarly paid him duties and anchorage fees, he removing their sails and rudder for this purpose, and taking their merchandise by paying half its value at the time and the other half the next year, without any other natives being able to buy anything from the sangleyes but only from the said Lacandola, from which much profit, which he ceded at the coming of the Spaniards to these Islands, they collecting the said tributes and duties for His Majesty.
Lakandula played a crucial role in pacifying the last independent Luzon states in what is now the province of Pampanga, namely Lubao and Betis. He further helped the Spaniards in defending their foothold in the archipelago from the invading forces of the Chinese pirate Limahong.
Descendants
Lakan Dula was the most prolific of Luzon's ancient rulers. His descendants are spread out all across the Kapampangan Region during the Spanish colonial era.[7] He fathered at least four sons, namely Don Dionisio Capulong, the Datu of Candaba, Don Phelipe Salonga, the Datu of Pulu, Magat Salamat, the Datu of Tondo and Don Martin Lakandula who entered the Agustinian order as a lay brother in 1590.[7] He had one daughter by the name of Doña Maria Poloin who married Don Alonso Talabos.
Lakan Dula's sons and nephews were after implicated in the Revolt of the Lakans of 1588, a conspiracy meant to overthrow Spanish that was spearheaded by the former ruling class of the defeated Luzon Empire. His son Magat Salamat was executed by the Spanish authorities while the rest were executed.
In 1587 Magat Salamat, one of the children of Lakan Dula, and Augustin de Legazpi, Lakan Dula's nephew, and the chiefs of the neighboring areas of Tondo, Pandacan, Marikina, Candaba, Navotas and Bulacan were executed for secretly conspiring to overthrow the Spanish colonizers. Stories were told that Magat Salamat's descendants settled in Hagonoy, Bulacan and many of his descendants spread from this area.
David Dula y Goiti, a grandson of Lakan Dula with a Spanish mother escaped the persecution of the descendants of Lakan Dula by settling in Isla de Batag, Northern Samar and settled in the place now called Candawid (Kan David). Due to hatred for the Spaniards, he dropped the Goiti in his surname and adopted a new name David Dulay. He was eventually caught by the Guardia Civil based in Palapag and was executed together with seven followers. They were charged with planning to attack the Spanish detachment.[8]
Learning from this experience, his great grandson Don Juan Macapagal, Master-of-Camp and Datu of Arayat, aided the Spanish authorities in suppressing the 1660 Kapampangan Revolt of Don Francisco Maniago and the Pangasinan Revolt of Don Andres Malong, and the 1661 Ilocano Revolt. Because of his service to the Spanish crown, the Spanish authorities revived the special privileges offered by the Spanish crown to Lakan Dula and his descendants spread across the province of Pampanga.[7] A Gremio de Lakandulas was created in 1758 to safeguard the rights and privileges of the Kapampangan descendants of Lakan Dula.[7] During the British invasion of 1762-64, the descendants of Lakan Dula, now concentrated in the province of Pampanga, formed a company of volunteers to fight the British and were granted autonomy by Governor General Simon de Anda.[7]
Prominent Lakan Dula descendants of the 20th century include the former Philippine President Diosdado Macapagal, father of President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, former Philippine Senate President Jovito Salonga, pioneer Filipino industrialist Gonzalo Puyat, former Philippine Senate President Gil Puyat and international stage celebrity Lea Salonga.[7]
Legacy
- The Order of Lakandula is one of the highest honors given by the Republic of the Philippines. It is an order of political and civic merit, awarded in memory of Lakandula’s dedication to the responsibilities of leadership, prudence, fortitude, courage and resolve in the service of one’s people.
- The BRP Rajah Lakandula (PF-4) was the a Destroyer Escort / Frigate and is the only ex-USN Edsall-class destroyer escort that served the Philippine Navy. She was also the flagship of the Philippine Navy from 1981 to 1988. Struck from the Navy List in 1988, she was still in use as stationary barracks ship in Subic Bay as of 1999.
- A number of Lakandula Elementary and Secondary Schools are named after Lakandula, notably in the City of Manila, and the Province of Pampanga, both closely associated with Banaw Lakandula.
See also
- Rajah Sulayman
- Rajah Matanda
- Kingdom of Maynila
- Kingdom of Tondo
- Rajah
- Sultan
- Datu
- Lakan
- History of the Philippines
- History of the Philippines (900–1521)
- Philippine revolts against Spain
References
- ^ a b c Joaqiun, Nick (1990). Manila, My Manila: A History for the Young. City of Manila: Anvil Publishing, Inc. ISBN 978-9715693134.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - ^ a b Scott, William Henry (1992). Looking for the Prehispanic Filipino. Quezon City: New Day Publishers. ISBN 971-10-0524-7.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - ^ a b Dery, Luis Camara (2001). A History of the Inarticulate. Quezon City: New Day Publishers. ISBN 971-10-1069-0.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - ^ Scott, William Henry (1994). Barangay: Sixteenth Century Philippine Culture and Society. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press. pp. page 192. ISBN 971-550-135-4.
{{cite book}}:|pages=has extra text (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - ^ Tolentino, Aurelio. 1914. Kasulatang Gintû. Manila: Imprenta y Litografia de Juan Fajardo.
- ^ Template:Tl icon Buhay Sa Nayon
- ^ a b c d e f g Santiago, Luciano P.R., The Houses of Lakandula, Matanda, and Soliman [1571-1898]: Genealogy and Group Identity, Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society 18 [1990]
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
http://www.reference.com/browse/radjahswas invoked but never defined (see the help page).