Fort Larned National Historic Site: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Added info on Camp on Pawnee Fork/Camp Alert
Yobot (talk | contribs)
Bots
4,732,723 edits
m →‎History: WP:CHECKWIKI error fixes using AWB (10347)
Line 36: Line 36:


==History==
==History==
The [[Camp on Pawnee Fork]] was established in 1859 to protect traffic along the [[Santa Fe Trail]] from hostile American Indians,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.gov/fols/historyculture/index.htm|title=History and Culture|publisher=National Park Service|accessdate=2013-12-16}}</ref>. It was renamed Camp Alert and in May 1860 it was moved upstream, {{convert|3|mi|km}} to the west, and by the end of the month was renamed Fort Larned. It served the same purpose as Camp Alert and as an agency for the administration of the Central Plains Indians by the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs]] under the terms of the [[Fort Wise Treaty]] of 1861. The fort's service ended as a combination of the tribes' relocation to reservations and the completion of railroads across Kansas that ended the need for the Santa Fe Trail.
The [[Camp on Pawnee Fork]] was established in 1859 to protect traffic along the [[Santa Fe Trail]] from hostile American Indians,.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.gov/fols/historyculture/index.htm|title=History and Culture|publisher=National Park Service|accessdate=2013-12-16}}</ref> It was renamed Camp Alert and in May 1860 it was moved upstream, {{convert|3|mi|km}} to the west, and by the end of the month was renamed Fort Larned. It served the same purpose as Camp Alert and as an agency for the administration of the Central Plains Indians by the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs]] under the terms of the [[Fort Wise Treaty]] of 1861. The fort's service ended as a combination of the tribes' relocation to reservations and the completion of railroads across Kansas that ended the need for the Santa Fe Trail.


Fort Larned was the site of a meeting between [[General Winfield Scott Hancock]] and several [[Cheyenne]] chiefs on April 12, 1867, in which Hancock intended to impress the [[Dog Soldier]] chiefs with his military power. Following that meeting, Hancock, along with [[George Armstrong Custer]] and the [[7th U.S. Cavalry]] traveled west of Fort Larned to a combined Cheyenne and [[Lakota people|Lakota]] camp, inciting the villagers to flee. Hancock ordered the village burned, beginning a summer of warfare known as Hancock's War. Fort Larned assisted in bringing Hancock's War to an end by supplying the [[Medicine Lodge Treaty]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.gov/fols/historyculture/hancocks-war.htm|title=Hancock's War|publisher=National Park Service|accessdate=2013-12-16}}</ref> The fort was decommissioned in 1878, and from 1885 to 1966, the buildings were used to house the headquarters of a [[ranch]], with the owners living in the house of the commanding officer and the employees residing in what had been the officers' quarters.<ref name=FAQ/>
Fort Larned was the site of a meeting between [[General Winfield Scott Hancock]] and several [[Cheyenne]] chiefs on April 12, 1867, in which Hancock intended to impress the [[Dog Soldier]] chiefs with his military power. Following that meeting, Hancock, along with [[George Armstrong Custer]] and the [[7th U.S. Cavalry]] traveled west of Fort Larned to a combined Cheyenne and [[Lakota people|Lakota]] camp, inciting the villagers to flee. Hancock ordered the village burned, beginning a summer of warfare known as Hancock's War. Fort Larned assisted in bringing Hancock's War to an end by supplying the [[Medicine Lodge Treaty]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.gov/fols/historyculture/hancocks-war.htm|title=Hancock's War|publisher=National Park Service|accessdate=2013-12-16}}</ref> The fort was decommissioned in 1878, and from 1885 to 1966, the buildings were used to house the headquarters of a [[ranch]], with the owners living in the house of the commanding officer and the employees residing in what had been the officers' quarters.<ref name=FAQ/>

Revision as of 08:25, 3 August 2014

"Fort Larned" redirects here. For the horse, see Fort Larned (horse).
Fort Larned National Historic Site
Fort Larned Flagpole and Commissary Building
Fort Larned National Historic Site is located in Kansas
Fort Larned National Historic Site
LocationPawnee County, Kansas, Kansas route 156, USA
Nearest cityLarned, Kansas
Area718 acres (2.91 km²)
Built1860
ArchitectQuartermaster Dept.,U.S. Army
Visitation31,551 (2005)
NRHP reference No.66000107[1]
Significant dates
Added to NRHPOctober 15, 1966
Designated NHSAugust 31, 1964

Fort Larned National Historic Site, located six miles west of Larned, Kansas, United States, preserves Fort Larned, which operated from 1859 to 1878.

History

The Camp on Pawnee Fork was established in 1859 to protect traffic along the Santa Fe Trail from hostile American Indians,.[2] It was renamed Camp Alert and in May 1860 it was moved upstream, 3 miles (4.8 km) to the west, and by the end of the month was renamed Fort Larned. It served the same purpose as Camp Alert and as an agency for the administration of the Central Plains Indians by the Bureau of Indian Affairs under the terms of the Fort Wise Treaty of 1861. The fort's service ended as a combination of the tribes' relocation to reservations and the completion of railroads across Kansas that ended the need for the Santa Fe Trail.

Fort Larned was the site of a meeting between General Winfield Scott Hancock and several Cheyenne chiefs on April 12, 1867, in which Hancock intended to impress the Dog Soldier chiefs with his military power. Following that meeting, Hancock, along with George Armstrong Custer and the 7th U.S. Cavalry traveled west of Fort Larned to a combined Cheyenne and Lakota camp, inciting the villagers to flee. Hancock ordered the village burned, beginning a summer of warfare known as Hancock's War. Fort Larned assisted in bringing Hancock's War to an end by supplying the Medicine Lodge Treaty.[3] The fort was decommissioned in 1878, and from 1885 to 1966, the buildings were used to house the headquarters of a ranch, with the owners living in the house of the commanding officer and the employees residing in what had been the officers' quarters.[4]

With nine historic buildings, the fort survives as one of the best-preserved examples of Indian Wars-period forts. Most of the buildings, including the barracks, commissary, and officers quarters, are furnished to their original appearance. Fort Larned National Historic Site is open daily, year-round, and admission is free. The park offers several special events throughout the year, living history demonstrations, and ranger-guided tours.[4][5]

Units stationed at Fort Larned

The following units were stationed at Fort Larned during its 19 years of operation:[6]

The 10th US Cavalry, stationed at Fort Larned from 1867 to 1869, was one of the first two all-black cavalry units utilized in the country, along with the 9th US Cavalry. Together, the units earned the nickname "Buffalo Soldiers" for their toughness in combat. They faced racism in the segregated US military, and on January 2, 1869, the 10th Cavalry's stables at Fort Larned burned to the ground, possibly the result of racially-motivated arson. The fire killed dozens of horses, destroyed equipment, and caused the unit to be reassigned to Fort Zarah.[7] In 1999, magnetic gradiometry and electromagnetic conductivity surveys were conducted at the fort to attempt to determine the location of the stables, which had been lost. The surveys identified several areas of anomalies consistent with locations of buildings, as well as evidence of disturbances to the land that occurred after the buildings were no longer used as a fort.[8]

References

  1. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
  2. ^ "History and Culture". National Park Service. Retrieved 2013-12-16.
  3. ^ "Hancock's War". National Park Service. Retrieved 2013-12-16.
  4. ^ a b "Frequently Asked Questions". National Park Service. Retrieved 2013-12-16.
  5. ^ "Things to Do". National Park Service. Retrieved 2013-12-16.
  6. ^ "Regiments and Years Served at Fort Larned". National Park Service. Retrieved 2013-12-15.
  7. ^ "10th Cavalry at Fort Larned". National Park Service. Retrieved 2013-12-16.
  8. ^ "Cavalry Stable Area (Fort Larned National Historic Site)". North American Database of Archaeological Geophysics. Retrieved 2013-12-16.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fort Larned National Historic Site.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fort_Larned_National_Historic_Site&oldid=619647780"