Regional Representative Council: Difference between revisions

Regional Representative Council

*Dewan Perwakilan Daerah*
Regional Representative Council ; Dewan Perwakilan Daerah
Type
Type	Upper house of the People's Consultative Assembly
Term limits	None
Leadership
Speaker	Oesman Sapta Odang ; since 4 April 2017
Deputy Speaker	Nono Sampono ; since 4 April 2017
Deputy Speaker	Darmayanti Lubis ; since 4 April 2017
Structure
Seats	132
Political groups	Independent: 131 seats Vacant: 1 seat Papua Barat (1);
Authority	On the area of regional governments only: proposes and give advise on bills to the lower house;; oversight on the execution of laws; no law-making power;
Elections
Voting system	Single non-transferable vote
Last election	9 April 2014
Meeting place
	Legislative Complex; Jakarta; Indonesia
Website
	www.dpd.go.id

Browse history interactively

← Previous edit Next edit →

Content deleted Content added

VisualWikitext

Inline

Revision as of 02:56, 7 May 2017

The Regional Representative Council (Indonesian: Dewan Perwakilan Daerah, DPD), alternatively translatable as the House of Regions or as the House of Regional Representatives, is one of two parliamentary chambers in Indonesia. Together with the Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, (DPR), it makes up the Indonesian national legislative body, the Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR).^[4] Under Indonesia's constitution, the authority of the DPD is limited to areas related to regional governments and can only propose and give advise on bills to the DPR.^[1] Unlike the DPR, the DPD has no direct law-making power.^[2]

History

The DPD was created by the third amendment to the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia enacted 9 November 2001 in a move towards bicameralism. The DPD does not have the revising powers of an upper house like the United States Senate. Article 22D restricts the DPD to dealing with bills on "regional autonomy, the relationship of central and local government, formation, expansion and merger of regions, management of natural resources and other economic resources, and Bills related to the financial balance between the centre and the regions."^[5]

The International Foundation for Electoral Systems conducted a tracking survey in the Indonesian legislative elections in 2004 which showed that not all voters knew how to vote for candidates for the new Regional Representative Council, or were even aware of its existence.^[6]

The power of the DPD is relatively weak compared to the older chamber, the DPR, notably it has no direct law-making or the power to veto bills.^[7] According to Indonesian constitutional scholar Jimly Asshiddiqie, the relative weakness of the DPD was a result of a compromise in the committee responsible for the constitutional amendment.^[7] The reformist faction wanted a strong second chamber in addition to the existing DPR in order to strengthen checks and balances, but this was opposed by the conservative faction.^[7]

Membership

Article 22C of the Constitution rules that all members of the DPD are elected through the same Legislative Election every five years, along with the members of DPR. The total number of members is limited so that it does not exceed one third of that of DPR. Each province of Indonesia elects 4 members to the DPD on a non-partisan basis, although many candidates in the April 2004 election had links to the parties represented in the People's Representative Council, the Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat or DPR.

Powers and structure

The DPD can propose such bills to the DPR and must be heard on any regional bill proposed by DPR.

Speakers and Deputy Speakers

#	Name	Take Office	Left Office	Province Represented	Term	Deputies
1	Ginandjar Kartasasmita (1941–)	2 October 2004	1 October 2009	West Java	1	Irman Gusman La Ode Ida
2	Irman Gusman (1962–)	2 October 2009	1 October 2014	West Sumatra	2	GKR Hemas La Ode Ida
2	Irman Gusman (1962–)	2 October 2014	11 October 2016	West Sumatra	3	GKR Hemas Farouk Muhammad
3	Mohammad Saleh (1966–)	12 October 2016	3 April 2017	Bengkulu	3	GKR Hemas Farouk Muhammad
4	Oesman Sapta Odang (1950–)	4 April 2017	Incumbent	West Kalimantan	1	Nono Sampono Darmayanti Lubis

Miscellaneous

The acronym DPD is a common one in Indonesia. In political parties, it usually stands for [Dewan Pimpinan Daerah] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help) (Regional Leadership Council) and seated at each provincial capital. It should not be confused with the Legislative body.

References

Indrayana, Denny (2005). "Indonesian Constitutional Reform 1999–2002: An Evaluation of Constitution-Making in Transition". Faculty of Law, University of Melbourne.
Asshiddiqie, Jimly (2009). "Lembaga Perwakilan dan Permusyawaratan Rakyat Tingkat Pusat". jimly.com (in Indonesian). {{cite web}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)

Notes

^ ^a ^b Asshiddiqie 2009, pp. 11–12.
^ ^a ^b Asshiddiqie 2009, p. 12.
^ Of Indonesia's 34 provinces, only 33 currently have representatives; the province of Kalimantan Utara (formed 2012) was excluded from the 2014 elections.
^ Indrayana 2005, p. 369.
^ Indrayana 2005, p. 446.
^ na Thalang, Chanintira (June 2005). "The Legislative Elections in Indonesia, April 2004". Electoral Studies. 24 (2): 326-332. doi:10.1016/j.electstud.2004.10.006.
^ ^a ^b ^c Asshiddiqie 2009, p. 11.

External links

DPD homepage (Indonesian)

[FOOTNOTEAsshiddiqie200911–12-1] Asshiddiqie 2009, pp. 11–12.

[FOOTNOTEAsshiddiqie200912-2] Asshiddiqie 2009, p. 12.

[3] Of Indonesia's 34 provinces, only 33 currently have representatives; the province of Kalimantan Utara (formed 2012) was excluded from the 2014 elections.

[FOOTNOTEIndrayana2005369-4] Indrayana 2005, p. 369.

[FOOTNOTEIndrayana2005446-5] Indrayana 2005, p. 446.

[6] Thalang, Chanintira (June 2005). "The Legislative Elections in Indonesia, April 2004". Electoral Studies. 24 (2): 326-332. doi:10.1016/j.electstud.2004.10.006.

[FOOTNOTEAsshiddiqie200911-7] Asshiddiqie 2009, p. 11.

[3]

[1]

[2]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 {{Infobox legislature
  | background_color   = #f1c647
- | name               =  Regional Representative Council
+ | name               = Regional Representative Council
  | native_name        = ''Dewan Perwakilan Daerah''
  | legislature        =
  | coa_pic            = Coat_of_arms_of_the_Regional_Representative_Council_of_Indonesia.svg
  | coa_res            =
  | house_type         = Upper house
  | term_limits        = None
@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
  | leader1_type       = Speaker
  | leader1            = Oesman Sapta Odang
  | party1             =
  | election1          = 4 April 2017
+ | members            = '''132'''<ref>Of Indonesia's 34 provinces, only 33 currently have representatives; the province of [[Kalimantan Utara]] (formed 2012) was excluded from the [[Indonesian legislative election, 2014|2014 elections]].</ref>
- | members            = 136 (4 vacant)
- | structure1         = Regional Representative Council of Indonesia, 2014.svg
+ | structure1         = <!--Regional Representative Council of Indonesia, 2014.svg-->
- | structure1_res     = 250px
+ | structure1_res     = <!--250px-->
- | political_groups1  = {{legend|#999999|[[Independent politician|Independent]]: 132 seats}} {{legend|#DDDDDD|Vacant: 4 seats}}
+ | political_groups1  = {{legend|#999999|[[Independent politician|Independent]]: 131 seats}}
+{{Collapsible list
- | committees1        =
+ | titlestyle = font-weight:normal;background:transparent;text-align:left
- | joint_committees   =
+ | title = {{legend|#DDDDDD|Vacant: 1 seat}}
+ | [[File:Coat of arms of West Papua.svg|15px]] [[Papua Barat]] (1)}}
+ | committees1        =
+ | joint_committees   =
  | voting_system1     = [[Single non-transferable vote]]
  | last_election1     = [[Indonesian legislative election, 2014|9 April 2014]]
  | session_room       =
  | session_res        =
- | meeting_place      = [[DPR/MPR Building|Legislative Complex]]<br />[[Jakarta]]<br />[[Indonesia]]
+ | meeting_place      = [[DPR/MPR Building|Legislative Complex]]<br/>[[Jakarta]]<br/>[[Indonesia]]
  | website            = {{URL|http://www.dpd.go.id/}}
  | authority          =
@@ Line 31: / Line 35: @@
 * proposes and give advise on bills to the [[People's Representative Council|lower house]];
 * oversight on the execution of laws{{sfn|Asshiddiqie|2009|pp=11-12}}
-No law-making power{{sfn|Asshiddiqie|2009|p=12}}
+* no law-making power{{sfn|Asshiddiqie|2009|p=12}}
  | footnotes          =
-|leader2=Nono Sampono|leader2_type=Deputy Speaker|election2=4 April 2017|leader3=Darmayanti Lubis|leader3_type=Deputy Speaker|election3=4 April 2017}}
+ | leader2             = Nono Sampono
+ | leader2_type        = Deputy Speaker
+ | election2           = 4 April 2017
+ | leader3             = Darmayanti Lubis
+ | leader3_type        = Deputy Speaker
+ | election3           = 4 April 2017
+}}
 {{Politics of Indonesia}}
-The '''Regional Representative Council''' ({{lang-id|Dewan Perwakilan Daerah}}, '''DPD'''), alternatively translatable as the '''House of Regions''' or as the '''House of Regional Representatives''', is one of two [[parliamentary chamber]]s in [[Indonesia]]. Together with the [[People's Representative Council|''Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat,'' ('''DPR)''']], it makes up the Indonesian national legislative body, the [[People's Consultative Assembly|''Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat'' ('''MPR''')]].<ref name="Denny369">Denny Indrayana (2008), p369</ref>  Under Indonesia's constitution, the authority of the DPD is limited to areas related to regional governments and can only propose and give advise on bills to the DPR.{{sfn|Asshiddiqie|2009|pp=11-12}} Unlike the DPR, the DPD has no direct law-making power.{{sfn|Asshiddiqie|2009|p=12}}
+The '''Regional Representative Council''' ({{lang-id|Dewan Perwakilan Daerah}}, '''DPD'''), alternatively translatable as the '''House of Regions''' or as the '''House of Regional Representatives''', is one of two [[parliamentary chamber]]s in [[Indonesia]]. Together with the [[People's Representative Council|''Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat,'' ('''DPR)''']], it makes up the Indonesian national legislative body, the [[People's Consultative Assembly|''Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat'' ('''MPR''')]].{{sfn|Indrayana|2005|p=369}} Under Indonesia's constitution, the authority of the DPD is limited to areas related to regional governments and can only propose and give advise on bills to the DPR.{{sfn|Asshiddiqie|2009|pp=11-12}} Unlike the DPR, the DPD has no direct law-making power.{{sfn|Asshiddiqie|2009|p=12}}
 ==History==
-The DPD was created by the third amendment to the 1945 [[Constitution of Indonesia]] enacted 9 November 2001 in a move towards [[bicameralism]]. The DPD does not have the revising powers of an [[upper house]] like the [[United States Senate]]. Article 22D restricts the DPD to dealing with bills on "''regional autonomy, the relationship of central and local government, formation, expansion and merger of regions, management of natural resources and other economic resources, and Bills related to the financial balance between the centre and the regions.''"<ref name="Denny446">Denny Indrayana (2008), p446</ref><ref name="UU10">Law No. 20/2008 on Elections</ref>
+The DPD was created by the third amendment to the 1945 [[Constitution of Indonesia]] enacted 9 November 2001 in a move towards [[bicameralism]]. The DPD does not have the revising powers of an [[upper house]] like the [[United States Senate]]. Article 22D restricts the DPD to dealing with bills on "''regional autonomy, the relationship of central and local government, formation, expansion and merger of regions, management of natural resources and other economic resources, and Bills related to the financial balance between the centre and the regions.''"{{sfn|Indrayana|2005|p=446}}
-The [[International Foundation for Electoral Systems]] conducted a tracking survey in the [[Indonesian legislative election, 2004|Indonesian legislative elections in 2004]] which showed that not all voters knew how to vote for candidates for the new Regional Representative Council, or were even aware of its existence.<ref name="Electoral Studies">{{cite journal | first = Chanintira | last = na Thalang |date=June 2005 | title = The Legislative Elections in Indonesia, April 2004 | journal = Electoral Studies | volume = 24 | issue = 2 | pages = 326–332 | doi = 10.1016/j.electstud.2004.10.006 }}</ref>
+The [[International Foundation for Electoral Systems]] conducted a tracking survey in the [[Indonesian legislative election, 2004|Indonesian legislative elections in 2004]] which showed that not all voters knew how to vote for candidates for the new Regional Representative Council, or were even aware of its existence.<ref>{{cite journal|first=Chanintira|last=na Thalang|date=June 2005|title=The Legislative Elections in Indonesia, April 2004|journal=Electoral Studies|volume=24|issue=2|p=326-332|doi=10.1016/j.electstud.2004.10.006}}</ref>
 The power of the DPD is relatively weak compared to the older chamber, the DPR, notably it has no direct law-making or the power to veto bills.{{sfn|Asshiddiqie|2009|p=11}} According to Indonesian constitutional scholar [[Jimly Asshiddiqie]], the relative weakness of the DPD was a result of a compromise in the committee responsible for the constitutional amendment.{{sfn|Asshiddiqie|2009|p=11}} The reformist faction wanted a strong second chamber in addition to the existing DPR in order to strengthen [[checks and balances]], but this was opposed by the conservative faction.{{sfn|Asshiddiqie|2009|p=11}}
 ==Membership==
-Article 22C of the [[Constitution of Indonesia|Constitution]] rules that all members of the DPD are elected through the same Legislative Election every five years, along with the members of [[People's Representative Council|DPR]]. The total number of members is limited so that it does not exceed one third of that of [[People's Representative Council|DPR]]. Each of the 34 [[provinces of Indonesia]] elects 4 members to the DPD on a non-partisan basis, although many candidates in the April 2004 election had links to the parties represented in the People's Representative Council, the ''Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat'' or DPR.
+Article 22C of the [[Constitution of Indonesia|Constitution]] rules that all members of the DPD are elected through the same Legislative Election every five years, along with the members of [[People's Representative Council|DPR]]. The total number of members is limited so that it does not exceed one third of that of [[People's Representative Council|DPR]]. Each [[province of Indonesia]] elects 4 members to the DPD on a non-partisan basis, although many candidates in the April 2004 election had links to the parties represented in the People's Representative Council, the ''Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat'' or DPR.
 ==Powers and structure==
 The DPD can propose such bills to the [[People's Representative Council|DPR]] and must be heard on any regional bill proposed by DPR.
-A third legislative body, the People's Consultative Assembly ({{lang-id|Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat}}) (MPR), comprises the members of the DPR and the DPD.
 ==Speakers and Deputy Speakers==
@@ Line 105: / Line 113: @@
 ==References==
-* Denny Indrayana (2008) ''Indonesian Constitutional Reform 1999-2002: An Evaluation of Constitution-Making in Transition'', Kompas Book Publishing, Jakarta ISBN 978-979-709-394-5
+* {{cite web|last=Indrayana|first=Denny|year=2005|title=Indonesian Constitutional Reform 1999–2002: An Evaluation of Constitution-Making in Transition|url=http://minerva-access.unimelb.edu.au/handle/11343/36919|publisher=Faculty of Law, University of Melbourne|ref=Indrayana}}
-* {{cite web|last=Asshiddiqie|first=Jimly|authorlink=Jimly Asshiddiqie|year=2009|title=Lembaga Perwakilan dan Permusyawaratan Rakyat Tingkat Pusat|language=id|url=http://www.jimly.com/makalah/namafile/40/Trikameralisme_DPD.doc|work=jimly.com|ref=harv}}
+* {{cite web|last=Asshiddiqie|first=Jimly|authorlink=Jimly Asshiddiqie|year=2009|title=Lembaga Perwakilan dan Permusyawaratan Rakyat Tingkat Pusat|language=id|url=http://www.jimly.com/makalah/namafile/40/Trikameralisme_DPD.doc|website=jimly.com|ref=harv}}
 ===Notes===
-{{reflist|30em}}
+{{reflist}}
 ==External links==

v t e Upper houses of national legislatures
Federal	Argentina Australia Austria Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Brazil Canada Ethiopia Germany India Malaysia Mexico Nepal Nigeria Pakistan Russia Somalia South Sudan Sudan Switzerland United States
Unitary	Algeria Antigua and Barbuda Bahamas Bahrain Barbados Belarus Belize Bhutan Bolivia Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Chad Chile Colombia Democratic Republic of the Congo Republic of the Congo Czech Republic Dominican Republic Egypt Equatorial Guinea Eswatini France Gabon Grenada Haiti Indonesia Ireland Italy Ivory Coast Jamaica Japan (post-1947) Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Morocco Myanmar Namibia Nepal Netherlands Oman Palau Paraguay Philippines Poland Romania Rwanda Saint Lucia Slovenia South Africa Spain Tajikistan Thailand Trinidad and Tobago United Kingdom Uruguay Uzbekistan Yemen Zimbabwe
Dependent and other territories	American Samoa Bermuda Isle of Man Northern Mariana Islands Puerto Rico
Non-UN states	Somaliland
Defunct	Afghanistan Austria British Guiana British Raj Burkina Faso Burma Ceylon China Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Czechoslovakia Denmark Dominican Republic East Germany Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Ethiopia Fiji Greece Hungary Iran Iraq Kingdom of Ireland Irish Free State Japan (pre-1947) Libya Malta Mauritania New Zealand Nicaragua Northern Ireland Peru Portugal Prussia Rhodesia Russian Empire Senegal Serbia South Africa South Korea Soviet Union Sweden Turkey Venezuela Weimar Germany
Related	Bicameralism Unicameralism Tricameralism Multicameralism List of abolished upper houses List of legislatures by country