Galaxy 1: Difference between revisions

Edit links
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m dab
Update
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Refimprove|date=June 2015}}
{{Refimprove|date=June 2015}}
{{Use American English|date=March 2014}}
{{Use American English|date=March 2014}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox spaceflight|auto=all
{{Infobox spaceflight|auto=all
| name = Galaxy 1
| name = Galaxy 1
| image =
| image =
| image_caption =
| image_caption =


| mission_type =
| mission_type = [[Communications satellite|Communication]]
| operator = [[Hughes Communications|Hughes]]
| operator = [[Hughes Communications|Hughes]]
| website =
| website =
| COSPAR_ID = 1983-065A
| COSPAR_ID = 1983-065A
| SATCAT = 14158
| SATCAT = 14158
| mission_duration = 9 years
| mission_duration = 9 years (planned)


| spacecraft_bus = [[HS-376]]
| spacecraft_bus = [[HS-376]]
| manufacturer = [[Hughes Aircraft Company|Hughes Aircraft]]
| manufacturer = [[Hughes Aircraft Company|Hughes Aircraft]]
| dry_mass = {{convert|1218|kg}}
| dry_mass = 1218 kg
| launch_mass =
| launch_mass =
| dimensions =
| dimensions =
| power =
| power =


| launch_date = {{start-date|June 28, 1983, 22:08:00|timezone=yes}} UTC
| launch_date = 28 June 1983, 22:08:00 UTC
| launch_rocket = [[Delta (rocket family)|Delta-3920]]/PAM-D
| launch_rocket = [[Delta (rocket family)|Delta-3920]] / PAM-D
| launch_site = [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station|Cape Canaveral]]
| launch_site = [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station|Cape Canaveral]]
| launch_contractor =
| launch_contractor =


| disposal_type =
| disposal_type = [[Graveyard orbit]]
| deactivated = <!--{{end-date| }}-->
| deactivated = 1994


| orbit_reference = [[Geocentric orbit]]
⚫
| orbit_epoch =
| orbit_reference = [[geocentric orbit|Geocentric]]
| orbit_regime = [[Geostationary orbit]]
⚫
| orbit_longitude = 169.0° West
| orbit_regime = [[Geostationary orbit|Geostationary]]
⚫
| apsis = gee
| orbit_periapsis = {{convert|35815|km|mi|sp=us}}
| orbit_apoapsis = {{convert|35844|km|mi|sp=us}}
| orbit_inclination = 14.8°
| orbit_period = 1.437&nbsp;minutes
⚫
| orbit_longitude = 169°&nbsp;west
| apsis = gee


| trans_band = 24 [[C band (IEEE)|C band]]
| trans_band = 24 [[C band (IEEE)|C-band]]
| trans_frequency =
| trans_frequency =
| trans_bandwidth =
| trans_bandwidth =
| trans_capacity =
| trans_capacity =
| trans_coverage =
| trans_coverage = [[United States]]
| trans_amplifier =
| trans_amplifier =
| trans_redundancy =
| trans_redundancy =
}}
}}

'''Galaxy 1''' was the first in a line of [[Galaxy (satellite)|Galaxy]] [[communications satellite]]s launched by [[Hughes Aircraft Company#Hughes Space and Communications Group|Hughes Communications]] in 1983.
'''Galaxy 1''' was the first in a line of [[Galaxy (satellite)|Galaxy]] [[communications satellite]]s launched by [[Hughes Aircraft Company#Hughes Space and Communications Group|Hughes Communications]] in 1983.


It helped fill a hole in satellite broadcasting bandwidth created by the loss of RCA's Satcom 3 in 1979. Unlike satellite owners RCA and Western Union, Hughes did not lease time on their transponders in the fashion of a common carrier, but instead sold transponders outright to content providers. This created a stable lineup of content attractive enough for cable providers to dedicate earth station receivers to it full-time.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url = http://americanradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1984/BC-1984-04-09.pdf|title = After 10 Years of Satellite, the Sky's No Limit|last = |first = |date = 1984-04-09|work = Broadcasting|access-date = 2015-06-13|via = |page = 44}}</ref>
It helped fill a hole in satellite broadcasting bandwidth created by the loss of RCA's [[Satcom (satellite)|Satcom 3]] in 1979. Unlike satellite owners [[RCA]] and [[Western Union]], Hughes did not lease time on their transponders in the fashion of a common carrier, but instead sold transponders outright to content providers. This created a stable lineup of content attractive enough for cable providers to dedicate [[Ground station|Earth station]] receivers to it full-time.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://americanradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1984/BC-1984-04-09.pdf|title=After 10 Years of Satellite, the Sky's No Limit|last=|first=|date=1984-04-09|work=Broadcasting|access-date=13 June 2015|via=|page=44}}</ref>


Among the services on Galaxy 1 by mid-1984: [[HBO]], [[Cinemax]], [[The Movie Channel]], [[Showtime (TV network)|Showtime]], The [[Disney Channel]], [[TBS (U.S. TV channel)|TBS]], [[CNN]], ESPN, and [[The Nashville Network]].<ref name=":0" />
Among the services on Galaxy 1 by mid-1984: [[HBO]], [[Cinemax]], [[The Movie Channel]], [[Showtime (TV network)|Showtime]], The [[Disney Channel]], [[TBS (U.S. TV channel)|TBS]], [[CNN]], [[ESPN]], and [[The Nashville Network]].<ref name=":0"/>


==Retirement of Galaxy 1==
== Retirement of Galaxy 1 ==
{{disputed-section|date=March 2014}}
{{disputed-section|date=March 2014}}
⚫
In 1992, Galaxy 1 was replaced by '''Galaxy 5''' as the predominant cable television signal carrier, when a majority of satellite television services were relocated onto that satellite. It was originally slated for retirement in 1992 and replacement by Galaxy 1R, but the replacement was lost during launch on August 22, 1992, due to a failure of the booster rocket's second stage Centaur engine; it was eventually replaced in 1994 by Galaxy 1RR.


⚫
In 1992, Galaxy 1 was replaced by [[Galaxy 5]] as the predominant cable television signal carrier, when a majority of satellite television services were relocated onto that satellite. It was originally slated for retirement in 1992 and replacement by [[Galaxy (satellite)|Galaxy 1R]], but the replacement was lost during launch on 22 August 1992, due to a failure of the booster rocket's second stage Centaur engine; it was eventually replaced in 1994 by [[Galaxy (satellite)|Galaxy 1RR]].
==Home Box Office==
⚫
The [[HBO]] (Home Box Office) signal on [[transponder]] 23 of Galaxy 1 was interrupted during the infamous [[Captain Midnight (HBO)|Captain Midnight attack]] on April 27, 1986. The attack was directed at HBO for their adoption of the [[Videocipher]] system and for charging high prices for access to the HBO and [[Cinemax]] services with that system.


==See also==
== Home Box Office ==
⚫
The [[HBO]] (Home Box Office) signal on [[transponder]] 23 of Galaxy 1 was interrupted during the infamous [[Captain Midnight (HBO)|Captain Midnight attack]] on 27 April 1986. The attack was directed at HBO for their adoption of the [[Videocipher]] system and for charging high prices for access to the HBO and [[Cinemax]] services with that system.

== See also ==
{{Portal|Spaceflight}}
{{Portal|Spaceflight}}
* [[List of Intelsat satellites]]
* [[List of Intelsat satellites]]


⚫
== References ==
⚫
{{Orbital launches in 1983}}

⚫
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

⚫
{{Orbital launches in 1983}}


[[Category:Communications satellites]]
[[Category:Communications satellites]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 1983]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 1983]]
[[Category:Satellites using the HS-376 bus]]
[[Category:Satellites using the HS-376 bus]]



{{US-spacecraft-stub}}
{{US-spacecraft-stub}}

Revision as of 06:19, 30 August 2020

Galaxy 1
Mission typeCommunication
OperatorHughes
COSPAR ID1983-065A Edit this at Wikidata
SATCAT no.14158
Mission duration9 years (planned)
Spacecraft properties
BusHS-376
ManufacturerHughes Aircraft
Dry mass1218 kg
Start of mission
Launch date28 June 1983, 22:08:00 UTC
RocketDelta-3920 / PAM-D
Launch siteCape Canaveral
End of mission
DisposalGraveyard orbit
Deactivated1994
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric orbit
RegimeGeostationary orbit
Longitude169.0° West
Transponders
Band24 C-band
Coverage areaUnited States
 

Galaxy 1 was the first in a line of Galaxy communications satellites launched by Hughes Communications in 1983.

It helped fill a hole in satellite broadcasting bandwidth created by the loss of RCA's Satcom 3 in 1979. Unlike satellite owners RCA and Western Union, Hughes did not lease time on their transponders in the fashion of a common carrier, but instead sold transponders outright to content providers. This created a stable lineup of content attractive enough for cable providers to dedicate Earth station receivers to it full-time.[1]

Among the services on Galaxy 1 by mid-1984: HBO, Cinemax, The Movie Channel, Showtime, The Disney Channel, TBS, CNN, ESPN, and The Nashville Network.[1]

Retirement of Galaxy 1

In 1992, Galaxy 1 was replaced by Galaxy 5 as the predominant cable television signal carrier, when a majority of satellite television services were relocated onto that satellite. It was originally slated for retirement in 1992 and replacement by Galaxy 1R, but the replacement was lost during launch on 22 August 1992, due to a failure of the booster rocket's second stage Centaur engine; it was eventually replaced in 1994 by Galaxy 1RR.

Home Box Office

The HBO (Home Box Office) signal on transponder 23 of Galaxy 1 was interrupted during the infamous Captain Midnight attack on 27 April 1986. The attack was directed at HBO for their adoption of the Videocipher system and for charging high prices for access to the HBO and Cinemax services with that system.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "After 10 Years of Satellite, the Sky's No Limit" (PDF). Broadcasting. 9 April 1984. p. 44. Retrieved 13 June 2015.
Stub icon

This article about one or more spacecraft of the United States is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Galaxy_1&oldid=975751199"