Brécourt: Difference between revisions

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Coordinates: 49°39′7″N 1°40′12″W / 49.65194°N 1.67000°W / 49.65194; -1.67000
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{{For|the [[World War II]] attack|Brécourt Manor Assault}}
{{For|the [[World War II]] attack|Brécourt Manor Assault}}
{{Infobox Military Structure
{{Infobox Military Structure
|name = Brécourt<br><small>aliases:</small> [[Équeurdreville-Hainneville|Équeurdreville]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://alainlecomte.free.fr/07E8.htm |title=Fortifications Built by Prussia or Germany |work=Fortifications of the World |date=2003-05-25 |accessdate=2008-02-27 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050209012615/http://alainlecomte.free.fr/07E8.htm |archivedate=2005-02-09 }}</ref> [[Martinvast]]<ref name=King>{{cite book |last=King|first=Benjamin|title=Impact: The History of Germany's V-Weapons in World War II |date=9 September 2009|url=https://books.google.com/?id=9WZ_z55WC1MC&pg=PA112&lpg=PA112&dq=martinvast+%22v+1%22 |publisher=|location= |isbn=9780786751679|pages=112}}</ref>
|name = Brécourt<br /><small>aliases:</small> [[Équeurdreville-Hainneville|Équeurdreville]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://alainlecomte.free.fr/07E8.htm |title=Fortifications Built by Prussia or Germany |work=Fortifications of the World |date=2003-05-25 |accessdate=2008-02-27 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050209012615/http://alainlecomte.free.fr/07E8.htm |archivedate=2005-02-09 }}</ref> [[Martinvast]]<ref name=King>{{cite book |last=King|first=Benjamin|title=Impact: The History of Germany's V-Weapons in World War II |date=9 September 2009|url=https://books.google.com/?id=9WZ_z55WC1MC&pg=PA112&lpg=PA112&dq=martinvast+%22v+1%22 |publisher=|location= |isbn=978-0-7867-5167-9|pages=112}}</ref>
|partof = [[Nazi Germany]]
|partof = [[Nazi Germany]]
|location = [[Équeurdreville-Hainneville]],<br>[[Manche]],<br>[[Normandy]],<br>France
|location = [[Équeurdreville-Hainneville]],<br />[[Manche]],<br />[[Normandy]],<br />France
|coordinates = {{coord|49|39|7|N|1|40|12|W|type:landmark_region:FR|display=title}}
|coordinates = {{coord|49|39|7|N|1|40|12|W|type:landmark_region:FR|display=title}}
|image =
|image =
|image_size =
|image_size =
|caption = [[Dwight Eisenhower]] visiting the Brécourt{{ref|1|1}} [[V-1 flying bomb]] facility near [[Cherbourg]]
|caption = [[Dwight Eisenhower]] visiting the Brécourt{{ref|1|1}} [[V-1 flying bomb]] facility near [[Cherbourg]]
|type = [[Bunker]],<br>[[V-1 flying bomb]] launch facility
|type = [[Bunker]],<br />[[V-1 flying bomb]] launch facility
|code=
|code=
|built = 1932 French oil storage cistern,<br>1943 [[Nazi Germany]] bunker & launch facility
|built = 1932 French oil storage cistern,<br />1943 [[Nazi Germany]] bunker & launch facility
|builder = [[Organization Todt]]
|builder = [[Organization Todt]]
|materials = [[reinforced concrete]]
|materials = [[reinforced concrete]]
|height =
|height =
|used = never used <ref name=aetius/>
|used = never used <ref name=aetius />
|demolished=
|demolished=
|condition= [[ruin]]s
|condition= [[ruin]]s
Line 23: Line 23:
|occupants=
|occupants=
|battles = [[Operation Crossbow]]
|battles = [[Operation Crossbow]]
|events = V-1 launch facility begun 1943,<br>bombed 11 November 1943,<br>captured July 1944
|events = V-1 launch facility begun 1943,<br />bombed 11 November 1943,<br />captured July 1944
}}
}}


'''Brécourt''' was a [[Nazi Germany]] [[bunker]] in [[Équeurdreville-Hainneville]] near [[Cherbourg]], in [[Manche]] of [[Normandy]], [[northern France]].
'''Brécourt''' was a [[Nazi Germany]] [[bunker]] in [[Équeurdreville-Hainneville]] near [[Cherbourg]], in [[Manche]] of [[Normandy]], [[northern France]].


==History==
== History ==
[[Code name|Codenamed]] ''Olkeller Cherbourg'' ("Cherbourg oil cellar"), Brécourt's structure is located at the foot of a hillside on which the French Navy had eight underground galleries dug for the storage of fuel oil in the 1930s.
[[Code name|Codenamed]] ''Olkeller Cherbourg'' ("Cherbourg oil cellar"), Brécourt's structure is located at the foot of a hillside on which the French Navy had eight underground galleries dug for the storage of fuel oil in the 1930s.


These installations were reused by the German army to store [[V-2 rocket|V-2 rockets]].<ref name="jeanmaridor" /> Early in 1944, the facility was converted to a [[V-1 flying bomb]] launch facility.<ref name="Collier">{{cite book |last=Collier|first=Basil|title=The Battle of the V-Weapons, 1944-1945 |origyear=1964 |year=1976|publisher=The Emfield Press|location=Yorkshire|isbn=0-7057-0070-4 |pages=35}}</ref><ref name="Henshall">{{cite book |last=Henshall|first=Philip|title=Hitler's Rocket Sites|url=https://archive.org/details/hitlersrocketsit00hens|url-access=registration|year=1985|publisher=St Martin's Press|location=New York|isbn= |pages=[https://archive.org/details/hitlersrocketsit00hens/page/147 147] |quote=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last= |first= |url=http://www.atlantikwall.org.uk/new_page_61.htm |title=Brecourt |work=The Atlantik Wall In Normandy |date= |accessdate=2008-02-27|publisher=}}</ref>
These installations were reused by the German army to store [[V-2 rocket]]s.<ref name="jeanmaridor" /> Early in 1944, the facility was converted to a [[V-1 flying bomb]] launch facility.<ref name="Collier">{{cite book |last=Collier|first=Basil|title=The Battle of the V-Weapons, 1944–1945 |origyear=1964 |year=1976|publisher=The Emfield Press|location=Yorkshire|isbn=0-7057-0070-4 |pages=35}}</ref><ref name="Henshall">{{cite book |last=Henshall|first=Philip|title=Hitler's Rocket Sites|url=https://archive.org/details/hitlersrocketsit00hens|url-access=registration|year=1985|publisher=St Martin's Press|location=New York|isbn= |pages=[https://archive.org/details/hitlersrocketsit00hens/page/147 147] |quote=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last= |first= |url=http://www.atlantikwall.org.uk/new_page_61.htm |title=Brecourt |work=The Atlantik Wall In Normandy |date= |accessdate=2008-02-27|publisher=}}</ref>


The ramp consisted of two parallel reinforced concrete walls, {{convert|75| m|ft|abbr=on}} long, with a notch on the inside faces giving the slope of the ramp, which was oriented towards the port of [[Bristol]].<ref name=":0" />
The ramp consisted of two parallel reinforced concrete walls, {{convert|75| m|ft|abbr=on}} long, with a notch on the inside faces giving the slope of the ramp, which was oriented towards the port of [[Bristol]].<ref name=":0" />
Line 39: Line 39:
The launch pad was not fully completed when the Allies captured Brécourt a few days before July 4, 1944. both [[Dwight Eisenhower]] and [[Winston Churchill]] subsequently visited the facility<!-- the latter reportedly dropping an apple he was eating in astonishment of the massive facility.- (the link says it belongs to legend)-->.<ref name=jeanmaridor>{{cite web|last=Maridor|first=Jean|url=http://www.jean-maridor.org/francais/brecourt.htm |title= Le site V1 de Cherbourg Brécourt |work= Les bombes volantes V1|date=|accessdate=2008-02-27|publisher=}}</ref>
The launch pad was not fully completed when the Allies captured Brécourt a few days before July 4, 1944. both [[Dwight Eisenhower]] and [[Winston Churchill]] subsequently visited the facility<!-- the latter reportedly dropping an apple he was eating in astonishment of the massive facility.- (the link says it belongs to legend)-->.<ref name=jeanmaridor>{{cite web|last=Maridor|first=Jean|url=http://www.jean-maridor.org/francais/brecourt.htm |title= Le site V1 de Cherbourg Brécourt |work= Les bombes volantes V1|date=|accessdate=2008-02-27|publisher=}}</ref>


The bunker was declared a French protected monument on 1 December 1996.<ref name=":0">{{Mérimée|PA00135509|Rampe de lancement de V1 de Brécourt}} </ref>
The bunker was declared a French protected monument on 1 December 1996.<ref name=":0">{{Mérimée|PA00135509|Rampe de lancement de V1 de Brécourt}}</ref>


==See also==
== See also ==
* [[V-1 flying bomb (facilities)]]
* [[V-1 flying bomb (facilities)]]


==References==
== References ==
{{reflist|25em}}
{{reflist|25em}}


==External links==
== External links ==
* [http://www.battlefieldsww2.com/v1-site-brecourt.html Picture from Brécourt today]
* [http://www.battlefieldsww2.com/v1-site-brecourt.html Picture from Brécourt today]
{{Commons category|position=left|Bunkers in France}}
{{Commons category|position=left|Bunkers in France}}

Revision as of 07:46, 11 April 2020

For the World War II attack, see Brécourt Manor Assault.
Brécourt
aliases: Équeurdreville,[1] Martinvast[2]
Part of Nazi Germany
Équeurdreville-Hainneville,
Manche,
Normandy,
France
Coordinates49°39′7″N 1°40′12″W / 49.65194°N 1.67000°W / 49.65194; -1.67000
TypeBunker,
V-1 flying bomb launch facility
Site information
Open to
the public		No
Conditionruins
Site history
Built1932 French oil storage cistern,
1943 Nazi Germany bunker & launch facility
Built byOrganization Todt
In usenever used [3]
Materialsreinforced concrete
Battles/warsOperation Crossbow
EventsV-1 launch facility begun 1943,
bombed 11 November 1943,
captured July 1944

Brécourt was a Nazi Germany bunker in Équeurdreville-Hainneville near Cherbourg, in Manche of Normandy, northern France.

History

Codenamed Olkeller Cherbourg ("Cherbourg oil cellar"), Brécourt's structure is located at the foot of a hillside on which the French Navy had eight underground galleries dug for the storage of fuel oil in the 1930s.

These installations were reused by the German army to store V-2 rockets.[4] Early in 1944, the facility was converted to a V-1 flying bomb launch facility.[5][6][7]

The ramp consisted of two parallel reinforced concrete walls, 75 m (246 ft) long, with a notch on the inside faces giving the slope of the ramp, which was oriented towards the port of Bristol.[8]

The Brécourt military installation was virtually undetectable by aerial observation.[3][9] However, the 387th Bombardment Group records indicate Operation Crossbow bombing in Manche of a "Martinvast V-1 site" on 11 November 1943, which may have been Brécourt.[10]

The launch pad was not fully completed when the Allies captured Brécourt a few days before July 4, 1944. both Dwight Eisenhower and Winston Churchill subsequently visited the facility.[4]

The bunker was declared a French protected monument on 1 December 1996.[8]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Fortifications Built by Prussia or Germany". Fortifications of the World. 2003-05-25. Archived from the original on 2005-02-09. Retrieved 2008-02-27.
  2. ^ King, Benjamin (9 September 2009). Impact: The History of Germany's V-Weapons in World War II. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-7867-5167-9.
  3. ^ a b "Cherbourg-Brécourt". Bases launch V1 Cotentin and Seine-Maritime. Retrieved 2008-02-27.
  4. ^ a b Maridor, Jean. "Le site V1 de Cherbourg Brécourt". Les bombes volantes V1. Retrieved 2008-02-27.
  5. ^ Collier, Basil (1976) [1964]. The Battle of the V-Weapons, 1944–1945. Yorkshire: The Emfield Press. p. 35. ISBN 0-7057-0070-4.
  6. ^ Henshall, Philip (1985). Hitler's Rocket Sites. New York: St Martin's Press. pp. 147.
  7. ^ "Brecourt". The Atlantik Wall In Normandy. Retrieved 2008-02-27.
  8. ^ a b Rampe de lancement de V1 de Brécourt
  9. ^ "La fusée A4 V2". Les Sites V1 du Nord de la France. Retrieved 2008-02-27.
  10. ^ "Combat Missions". 387th Bombardment Group (Medium). Retrieved 2008-11-12.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bunkers in France.


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