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{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
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{{taxobox
|name = ''Bursera''
{{Other uses|Bursera (disambiguation)}}
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{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Bursera simaruba0.jpg
| image = Bursera simaruba0.jpg
|image_width =
|image_caption = ''[[Bursera simaruba]]''
| image_caption = ''[[Bursera simaruba]]''
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| taxon = Bursera
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
| authority = [[Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin|Jacq.]] ex [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<ref name=GRIN>{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?1816 |title=Genus: ''Bursera'' Jacq. ex L. |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=2007-10-05 |access-date=2010-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090507011046/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?1816 |archive-date=2009-05-07 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
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| type_species = ''[[Bursera simaruba]]''
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
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| type_species_authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]) [[Charles Sprague Sargent|Sarg.]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
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| subdivision_ranks = Species
|ordo = [[Sapindales]]
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| subdivision = About 100, see text.
|familia = [[Burseraceae]]
| synonyms = ''Elaphrium'' <small>Jacq.</small>
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|genus = '''''Bursera'''''
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}}
|genus_authority = [[Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin|Jacq.]] ex [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
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|type_species = ''[[Bursera simaruba]]''
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|type_species_authority = ([[Linnaeus]]) [[Charles Sprague Sargent| C.S. Sargent]]
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|subdivision_ranks = Species
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|subdivision = About 100. See text.
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|}}
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'''''Bursera''''', named after the [[Denmark|Danish]] [[botanist]] [[Joachim Burser]] (1583-1639) is a genus with about 100 described species<ref name = Becerra1>{{cite journal| quotes = no| last = Becerra| first = Judith X.| coauthors = D. Lawrence Venable| year = 2008| title = Sources and Sinks of Diversification and Conservation Priorities for the Mexican Tropical Dry Forest| journal = PLoS ONE| volume = 3| issue = 10| pages = e3436| doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0003436| url = http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0003436}}</ref> of flowering [[shrub]]s and [[tree]]s varying in size upwards to 25 m. high. They are native (often for many species [[endemism|endemic]]) to the [[Americas]], from the southern [[United States]] south through to northern [[Argentina]], in tropical and warm temperate forests [[habitat]]s.


⚫
'''''Bursera''''' is a genus with about 100 described species<ref name = Becerra1>{{cite journal| last = Becerra| first = Judith X.|author2=D. Lawrence Venable| year = 2008| title = Sources and Sinks of Diversification and Conservation Priorities for the Mexican Tropical Dry Forest| journal = PLOS ONE| volume = 3| issue = 10| pages = e3436| doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0003436| quote = no| pmid = 18927613| pmc = 2562985| bibcode = 2008PLoSO...3.3436B| editor1-last = Rees| editor1-first = Mark| doi-access = free}}</ref> of flowering shrubs and trees varying in size up to {{convert|25|m|ft|abbr=on}} high. It is the type genus for [[Burseraceae]]. The trees are native (often for many species [[endemism|endemic]]) to the [[Americas]], from the southern [[United States]] south through to northern [[Argentina]], in tropical and warm temperate forest habitats.
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A number of species from tropical [[Asia]] were once included in this genus, but are now treated in the genus [[Protium (plant)|''Protium'']]
It is named after the 17th-century [[Denmark|Danish]] botanist [[Joachim Burser]].

{{anchor|linaloe}}
Several Mexican species (such as ''[[Bursera aloexylon|B. aloexylon]]'' and ''[[Bursera delpechiana|B. delpechiana]]'') produce a type of wood known as ''linaloe'' (from [[Mexican Spanish]] {{lang|es|lináloe}}, from Latin {{lang|la|lignum aloes}}, {{literally|wood of the aloe|[[aloeswood]]}}).<ref>{{Merriam-Webster|linaloe}}</ref> They contain the aromatic oil [[linalool]].

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A number of species from tropical [[Asia]] were once included in this genus, but are now treated in the genus [[Protium (plant)|''Protium'']].

The [[Bursera graveolens]] tree (also known as Palo Santo) belongs to this genus.


== Species ==
== Species ==
{|
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*''[[Bursera aloexylon]]'' <font size=1>(Schiede ex Schltdl.) Engl.</font>
|- valign=top
|
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*''[[Bursera aloexylon]]'' <span style="font-size:87%;">(Schiede ex Schltdl.) Engl.</span>
*''[[Bursera arida]]''
*''[[Bursera arida]]''
*''[[Bursera aptera]]''
*''[[Bursera aptera]]''
*''[[Bursera arborea]]''
*''[[Bursera aromatica]]'' <small>Proctor</small>
*''[[Bursera atenuata]]''
*''[[Bursera atenuata]]''
*''[[Bursera aspleniifolia]]''
*''[[Bursera aspleniifolia]]''
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*''[[Bursera crenata]]''
*''[[Bursera crenata]]''
*''[[Bursera cuneata]]''
*''[[Bursera cuneata]]''
*''[[Bursera delpechiana]]'' <font size=1>Poiss. ex Engl.</font>
*''[[Bursera denticulata]]''
*''[[Bursera denticulata]]''
*''[[Bursera discolor]]''
*''[[Bursera discolor]]''
*''[[Bursera diversifolia]]''
*''[[Bursera diversifolia]]''
*''[[Bursera epinnata]]''
*''[[Bursera epinnata]]''
*''[[Bursera excelsa]]'' <font size=1>(Kunth) Engl.</font>
*''[[Bursera excelsa]]'' <span style="font-size:87%;">(Kunth) Engl.</span>
*''[[Bursera fagaroides]]'' <font size=1>(Kunth) Engl.</font>
*''[[Bursera fagaroides]]'' <span style="font-size:87%;">(Kunth) Engl.</span> <!--(southwestern [[North America]], [[South America]])-->
**''Bursera fagaroides elong.''
*''[[Bursera filicifolia]]''
*''[[Bursera filicifolia]]''
*''[[Bursera fragantissima]]''
*''[[Bursera fragantissima]]''
*''[[Bursera fragilis]]''
*''[[Bursera fragilis]]''
*''[[Bursera galeottiana]]'' <font size=1>Engl.</font>
*''[[Bursera galeottiana]]'' <span style="font-size:87%;">Engl.</span>
*''[[Bursera glabrifolia]]'' <font size=1>(Kunth) Engl.</font>
*''[[Bursera glabrifolia]]'' <span style="font-size:87%;">(Kunth) Engl.</span>
*''[[Bursera grandifolia]]''
*''[[Bursera grandifolia]]''
*''[[Bursera graveolens]]'' <font size=1>(Kunth) Triana & Planch.</font>
*''[[Bursera graveolens]]'' <span style="font-size:87%;">(Kunth) Triana & Planch.</span> (Palo Santo)
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*''[[Bursera heliae]]''
*''[[Bursera heteresthes]]''
*''[[Bursera heteresthes]]''
*''[[Bursera hindsiana]]''
*''[[Bursera hindsiana]]''
*''[[Bursera hintonii]]''
*''[[Bursera hintonii]]''
*''[[Bursera hollickii]]'' <small>(Britton) F. & R.</small>
*''[[Bursera infiernidialis]]''
*''[[Bursera infiernidialis]]''
*''[[Bursera instabilis]]''
*''[[Bursera instabilis]]''
*''[[Bursera isthmica]]''
*''[[Bursera isthmica]]''
|
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*''[[Bursera heliae]]''
*''[[Bursera kerberii]]''
*''[[Bursera kerberii]]''
*''[[Bursera krusei]]''
*''[[Bursera krusei]]''
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*''[[Bursera laurihuertae]]''
*''[[Bursera laurihuertae]]''
*''[[Bursera laxiflora]]''
*''[[Bursera laxiflora]]''
*''[[Bursera leptophloeos]]'' <font size=1>Engl.</font>
*''[[Bursera leptophloeos]]'' <span style="font-size:87%;">Engl.</span>
*''[[Bursera linanoe]]'' <small>(La Llave) Rzed., Calderón & Medina</small>(=''Bursera delpechiana'' <span style="font-size:87%;">Poiss. ex Engl.</span><ref>{{cite journal|title=The Mexican roots of the Indian lavender tree| journal=Acta Botanica Mexicana| year=2010| volume=91 |author1=Becerra, Judith X.|author2= Noge, Koji| issue=91| pages=27–36| doi=10.21829/abm91.2010.289| doi-access=free}}</ref> )
*''[[Bursera longpipes]]''
*''[[Bursera longipes]]''
*''[[Bursera lunanii]]'' <small>(Spreng) Adams & Dandy</small>
*''[[Bursera macvaughiana]]''
*''[[Bursera macvaughiana]]''
*''[[Bursera malacophylla]]'' <font size=1>B.L.Rob.</font>
*''[[Bursera malacophylla]]'' <span style="font-size:87%;">B.L.Rob.</span>
*''[[Bursera medranoana]]''
*''[[Bursera medranoana]]''
*''[[Bursera microphylla]]'' <font size=1>A.Gray</font>
*''[[Bursera microphylla]]'' <span style="font-size:87%;">A.Gray</span> &ndash; Elephant tree <!--([[Southwestern United States]], northern [[Mexico]])-->
*''[[Bursera mirandae]]''
*''[[Bursera mirandae]]''
*''[[Bursera morelensis]]''
*''[[Bursera morelensis]]''
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*''[[Bursera multijuga]]''
*''[[Bursera multijuga]]''
*''[[Bursera nesopola]]''
*''[[Bursera nesopola]]''
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*''[[Bursera odorata]]''
*''[[Bursera occulta]]''
*''[[Bursera occulta]]''
*''[[Bursera palaciosii]]''
*''[[Bursera palaciosii]]''
*''[[Bursera palmeri]]''
*''[[Bursera palmeri]]''
*''[[Bursera penicillata]]'' <font size=1>(DC.) Engl.</font>
*''[[Bursera penicillata]]'' <span style="font-size:87%;">(DC.) Engl.</span>
*''[[Bursera ribana]]''
*''[[Bursera ribana]]''
*''[[Bursera rzedowski]]''
*''[[Bursera ruticola]]''
*''[[Bursera ruticola]]''
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*''[[Bursera rzedowski]]''
*''[[Bursera sarcopoda]]''
*''[[Bursera sarcopoda]]''
*''[[Bursera sarukhanii]]''
*''[[Bursera sarukhanii]]''
*''[[Bursera schlechtendalii]]'' <font size=1>Engl.</font>
*''[[Bursera schlechtendalii]]'' <span style="font-size:87%;">Engl.</span>
*''[[Bursera simaruba]]'' <font size=1>(L.) Sarg.</font>
*''[[Bursera simaruba]]'' <span style="font-size:87%;">(L.) Sarg.</span> &ndash; Gumbo-limbo
*''[[Bursera staphyleoides]]''
*''[[Bursera staphyleoides]]''
*''[[Bursera stenophylla]]''
*''[[Bursera stenophylla]]''
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*''[[Bursera tecomaca]]''
*''[[Bursera tecomaca]]''
*''[[Bursera tomentosa]]''
*''[[Bursera tomentosa]]''
*''[[Bursera tonkinensis]]'' <font size=1>Guillaum.</font>
*''[[Bursera tonkinensis]]'' <span style="font-size:87%;">Guillaum.</span>
*''[[Bursera trifoliolata]]''
*''[[Bursera trifoliolata]]''
*''[[Bursera trimera]]''
*''[[Bursera trimera]]''
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*''[[Bursera velutina]]''
*''[[Bursera velutina]]''
*''[[Bursera xochipalensis]]''
*''[[Bursera xochipalensis]]''
|}

'''list sources :'''
'''list sources :'''
<ref name = Becerra1/>
<ref name = Becerra1/>
<ref name=grin>{{ cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?1816 |title='''Germplasm Resources Information Network: ''Bursera''''' |accessdate=June 19, 2009}}</ref>
<ref name=GRINSpecies>{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?1816 |title=GRIN Species Records of ''Bursera'' |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |access-date=2010-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090120093453/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?1816 |archive-date=2009-01-20 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Formerly placed here===
*''[[Canarium paniculatum]]'' <small>(Lam.) Benth. ex Engl.</small> (as ''B. paniculata'' <small>Lam.</small>)
*''[[Protium serratum]]'' <small>(Wall. ex Colebr.) Engl.</small> (as ''B. serrata'' <small>Wall. ex Colebr.</small>)<ref name=GRINSpecies/>


==Uses==
== External links ==
* [[Caranna]], medicinal gum
[http://www.flickr.com/photos/ragesoss/2726523203/ '''Picture of a ''Bursera fagaroides'' bonsai''']


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery>
<gallery>
Image:Bursera citronella (syn B delpichiana) trunks at Hyderabad, AP W IMG 7219.jpg|''[[Bursera penicillata]]'' trunks
Image:Bursera citronella (syn B delpichiana) trunks at Hyderabad, AP W IMG 7219.jpg|''[[Bursera penicillata]]'' trunks
File:Bursera citronella (syn B delpichiana) fruits & leaves at Hyderabad, AP W IMG 7070.jpg|''[[Bursera penicillata]]'' fruits & leaves
File:Bursera citronella (syn B delpichiana) fruits & leaves at Hyderabad, AP W IMG 7070.jpg|''[[Bursera penicillata]]'' fruits and leaves
File:Bursera citronella (syn B delpichiana) trunk at Hyderabad, AP W IMG 7071.jpg|''[[Bursera penicillata]]'' trunk
File:Bursera citronella (syn B delpichiana) trunk at Hyderabad, AP W IMG 7071.jpg|''[[Bursera penicillata]]'' trunk
</gallery>
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
{{Commons category}}
{{reflist}}
{{Wikispecies}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q2367288}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Bursera| ]]
[[Category:Bursera| ]]
[[Category:Burseraceae genera]]


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{{Sapindales-stub}}


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{{Sapindales-stub}}
[[es:Indio desnudo]]
[[pt:Bursera]]

Latest revision as of 06:26, 4 January 2024

For other uses, see Bursera (disambiguation).

Bursera
Bursera simaruba
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Burseraceae
Genus: Bursera
Jacq. ex L.[1]
Type species
Bursera simaruba
Species

About 100, see text.

Synonyms

Elaphrium Jacq.

Bursera is a genus with about 100 described species[2] of flowering shrubs and trees varying in size up to 25 m (82 ft) high. It is the type genus for Burseraceae. The trees are native (often for many species endemic) to the Americas, from the southern United States south through to northern Argentina, in tropical and warm temperate forest habitats. It is named after the 17th-century Danish botanist Joachim Burser.

Several Mexican species (such as B. aloexylon and B. delpechiana) produce a type of wood known as linaloe (from Mexican Spanish lináloe, from Latin lignum aloes, lit. 'wood of the aloe' or 'aloeswood').[3] They contain the aromatic oil linalool.

A number of species from tropical Asia were once included in this genus, but are now treated in the genus Protium.

The Bursera graveolens tree (also known as Palo Santo) belongs to this genus.

Species[edit]

list sources : [2] [5]

Formerly placed here[edit]

Uses[edit]

Gallery[edit]

References[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bursera.
Wikispecies has information related to Bursera.
  1. ^ "Genus: Bursera Jacq. ex L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-10-05. Archived from the original on 2009-05-07. Retrieved 2010-11-18.
  2. ^ a b Becerra, Judith X.; D. Lawrence Venable (2008). Rees, Mark (ed.). "Sources and Sinks of Diversification and Conservation Priorities for the Mexican Tropical Dry Forest". PLOS ONE. 3 (10): e3436. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.3436B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003436. PMC 2562985. PMID 18927613. no
  3. ^ "linaloe". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary.
  4. ^ Becerra, Judith X.; Noge, Koji (2010). "The Mexican roots of the Indian lavender tree". Acta Botanica Mexicana. 91 (91): 27–36. doi:10.21829/abm91.2010.289.
  5. ^ a b "GRIN Species Records of Bursera". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2009-01-20. Retrieved 2010-11-18.


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