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{{short description|Joint subspecialty of dermatology and pathology}}{{Essay-like|date=February 2024}}
'''Dermatopathology''' (from [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] {{lang|grc|δέρμα}}, ''derma'', "skin"; {{lang|grc|πάθος}}, ''pathos'', "fate, harm"; and {{lang|grc|-λογία}}, ''[[-logy|-logia]]'') is a subspecialty of [[surgical pathology]] interested in [[skin]] diseases. Dermatopathologists work in close association with [[dermatologist]]s. In fact, many doctors master both specialties.


'''Dermatopathology''' (from [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] {{lang|grc|δέρμα}}, ''derma'' 'skin' + {{lang|grc|πάθος}}, ''pathos'' 'fate, harm' + {{lang|grc|-λογία}}, ''[[-logy|-logia]]'' 'study of') is a joint subspecialty of [[dermatology]] and [[pathology]] or [[surgical pathology]] that focuses on the study of cutaneous diseases at a microscopic and molecular level. It also encompasses analyses of the potential causes of skin diseases at a basic level. Dermatopathologists work in close association with clinical [[dermatologist]]s, with many possessing further clinical training in dermatology.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.abderm.org/subspecialties/derm.html |title = Dermatopathology}}</ref> The field was founded by German dermatologist and physician [[Gustav Simon (physician)|Gustav Simon]], who published the first textbook on dermatopathology, 'Skin Diseases Illustrated by Anatomical Investigations' (''Die Hautkrankheiten durch anatomische Untersuchungen erläutert''), in 1848.<ref>{{Cite book |title=30 Jahre Aktuelle Dermatologie: ein Jubiläumsband ; 45 Tabellen |date=2005 |publisher=Thieme |isbn=978-3-13-141391-8 |editor-last=Jung |editor-first=Ernst G. |location=Stuttgart |editor-last2=Bayerl |editor-first2=Christiane}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=David A. |first=Mehregan |title=Dermatopathology: Past and Present Journal of The Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society, 3, 1, S. 1, 2006 |url=http://www.jewds.eg.net/pdf/2006/w1a5a1.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121013224/http://www.jewds.eg.net/pdf/2006/w1a5a1.pdf |archive-date=2008-11-21 |access-date=2024-02-03 }}</ref>
Dermatopatholgy is the study of skin disease at a microscopic level. It encompasses both the diagnosis of individual patients through the examination of skin biopsies, and the study of the causes, or pathogenesis of skin diseases at the cellular level.


Dermatologists recognize most skin diseases based on their appearance, distribution on the body and behaviour with time. Occasionally, these criteria are not enough and a skin [[biopsy]] is taken to be examined under the [[microscope]]. This microscopic examination reveals the [[histology]] of the disease and clarifies the [[diagnosis]]. Occasionally, additional testing needs to be performed on skin samples, such as immunofluorescence, electron microscopy or flow cytometry.
Dermatologists are able to recognize most skin diseases based on their appearances, anatomic distributions, and behavior. Sometimes, however, those criteria do not allow a conclusive diagnosis to be made, and a skin [[biopsy]] is taken to be examined under the [[microscope]] or are subject to other molecular tests. That process reveals the [[histology]] of the disease and results in a specific diagnostic interpretation. In some cases, additional specialized testing needs to be performed on biopsies, including [[immunofluorescence]], [[immunohistochemistry]], [[electron microscopy]], [[flow cytometry]], and molecular-pathologic analysis.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dermnetnz.org/doctors/dermatopathology/stains.html |title = Dermatopathology. Special stains and tests {{!}} DermNet NZ}}</ref>


One of the greatest challenges of dermatopathology is its scope. More than 1500 different disorders of the skin exist, including cutaneous eruptions ("[[rashes]]") and [[neoplasms]] (dermatological oncology deals with pre-cancers, such as an [[actinic keratosis]]; and cancers, including both benign masses, and malignant cancers- such as [[basal cell carcinoma]], [[squamous cell carcinoma]], and most dangerously, malignant [[melanoma]]). Non-cancerous conditions include [[vitiligo]], [[impetigo]], [[purpura]], [[pruritus]], [[spider veins]], [[wart]]s, [[Mole (skin)|mole]]s, oral or genital herpes, chancre sores of [[syphilis]], exposure to [[poison ivy]] and similar plants or other venom sources, rashes, [[cyst]]s, [[abscess]]es, corns, and [[dermabrasion]]s or cases dealing with wrinkles, peeling skin, or autoimmune attacks on the skin. Therefore, dermatopathologists must maintain a broad base of knowledge in clinical dermatology, and be familiar with several other specialty areas in [[Medicine]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://booksfriend.blogspot.com/2010/10/dermatopathology-third-edition-by.html|title=Free eBooks Download: Dermatopathology: Third Edition by Raymond Barnhill, A. Neil Crowson, Cynthia Magro, Michael Piepkorn}}</ref>
One of the greatest challenges of dermatopathology is the high number of different skin diseases. There are an estimated 1500 different [[rashes]] and skin [[tumors]], including variants, and not one doctor who has seen them all. Therefore, dermatology and dermatopathology are among the most complex specialties of [[Medicine]].


Certification in dermatopathology in the United States requires the completion of four years of medical school, followed by residency training of three years in either dermatology or anatomic pathology. Following that, an additional one to two years of dermatopathology training are completed. For trainees with a background in Pathology, the training includes the equivalent of 6 months of clinical dermatology, and for those whose training is in Dermatology, six months of training in Pathology are requisite. Dermatopathology is considered the most competitive fellowship in Pathology. In the United States, he(she) is first certified by the American Board of Pathology or [[dermatology]], or the American Osteopathic Board of Pathology or Dermatology, then obtains subspecialty board certification in dermatopathology. Since 2003, the International Board of Dermatopathology certifies candidates from countries other than the United States by a test given in Europe.
Certification in dermatopathology in the United States and several other countries requires the completion of a [[medical degree]], followed by residency training of 3 years in dermatology or 3 years in anatomic pathology (often completed as part of a 4-year combined residency in anatomic pathology and clinical pathology). Thereafter, an additional 1 or 2 years of post-residency education in dermatopathology is undertaken. For trainees with a primary background in pathology, the fellowship experience includes the equivalent of 6 months of clinical dermatology, and for those whose training is primarily in dermatology, 6 months of the fellowship are devoted to anatomic pathology. In the United States, dermatopathologists are first certified by the [[American Board of Pathology|American Boards of Pathology]] or [[American Board of Dermatology|Dermatology]], or the [[American Osteopathic Board of Pathology|American Osteopathic Boards of Pathology]] or [[American Osteopathic Board of Dermatology|Dermatology]], in the United Kingdom dermatopathologist are certified by the Royal College of Pathologist, and in the rest of the world by the International Board of Dermatopathology. Trainees then obtain subspecialty certification (termed "special competence") or Diploma in dermatopathology by written examination.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.abpath.org/ |title = American Board of Pathology}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aobd-derm.org/2012/02/12/certification-exam-summary/ |title=Certification Exam Summary |year=2012 |publisher=American Osteopathic Board of Dermatology |accessdate=2 October 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130107003103/http://www.aobd-derm.org/2012/02/12/certification-exam-summary/ |archivedate=7 January 2013 }}</ref> Since 2003, the International Board of Dermatopathology (IBDP)—headquartered in Graz, Austria—also has certified candidates from countries around the world. This is done by IBDP review of applicants' professional qualifications, and a written and practical examination that is given in Europe each year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.icdermpath.org/1/|title = ICDP - International Committee for Dermatopathology}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|pmid=16420311 | doi=10.1111/j.0303-6987.2006.00390.x | volume=33 | issue=2 | title=International Board Certification in Dermatopathology: a worldwide effort to raise standards in dermatopathology |date=February 2006 |vauthors=Kerl H, Cerroni L, Burg G, etal | journal=J. Cutan. Pathol. | pages=156–9| s2cid=44636253 }}</ref>


In the United States, dermatopathology is practiced in a variety of settings. Some biopsies are interpreted by the dermatologists who obtained them, some are sent to pathology laboratories and interpreted either by general pathologists or dermatopathologists, while others are interpreted at specialized dermatopathology laboratories. Only a few of the latter exist outside of the United States.
⚫
==See also==

*[[Pathology]]
⚫
== See also ==
⚫
*[[Anatomical pathology]]
*[[Surgical pathology]]
* [[List of skin diseases]]
*[[Dermatology]]
* [[Pathology]]
⚫
* [[Anatomical pathology]]
⚫
*[[Skin]]
* [[Surgical pathology]]
* [[Dermatology]]
* [[Skin disease]]
⚫
* [[Skin lesion]]

==References==
{{reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.asdp.org/ American Society of Dermatopathology] web site
* [http://www.asdp.org/ American Society of Dermatopathology] web site
* [http://www.icdermpath.org/1/ International Board of Dermatopathology] web site
* [http://www.intsocdermpath.org/ International Society of Dermatopathology] web site
* [http://www.intsocdermpath.org/ International Society of Dermatopathology] web site
*[http://dermatlas.med.jhmi.edu/derm/ The Johns Hopkins University DermAtlas]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060924003103/http://dermatlas.med.jhmi.edu/derm/ The Johns Hopkins University DermAtlas]
* [http://omni.ac.uk/cgi/biome-search/search.cgi?batch_size=10&formtype=simple&term=dermatopathology&zport=2170 Omni's dermatopathology links]
* [http://omni.ac.uk/cgi/biome-search/search.cgi?batch_size=10&formtype=simple&term=dermatopathology&zport=2170 Omni's dermatopathology links]
* [http://atlases.muni.cz Atlases - High Resolution Dermatopathology Images] web site
* [http://www.skincancer.com/display.asp?catid=26&pageid=339 What is dermatopathology?] from SkinCancer.com
* [http://www.dermpedia.org/ DermPedia] web site


{{pathology}}
{{pathology}}


[[Category:Anatomical pathology]]
[[Category:Anatomical pathology]]

{{Pathology-stub}}

[[es:Dermatopatología]]

Latest revision as of 11:59, 4 April 2024

Dermatopathology (from Greek δέρμα, derma 'skin' + πάθος, pathos 'fate, harm' + -λογία, -logia 'study of') is a joint subspecialty of dermatology and pathology or surgical pathology that focuses on the study of cutaneous diseases at a microscopic and molecular level. It also encompasses analyses of the potential causes of skin diseases at a basic level. Dermatopathologists work in close association with clinical dermatologists, with many possessing further clinical training in dermatology.[1] The field was founded by German dermatologist and physician Gustav Simon, who published the first textbook on dermatopathology, 'Skin Diseases Illustrated by Anatomical Investigations' (Die Hautkrankheiten durch anatomische Untersuchungen erläutert), in 1848.[2][3]

Dermatologists are able to recognize most skin diseases based on their appearances, anatomic distributions, and behavior. Sometimes, however, those criteria do not allow a conclusive diagnosis to be made, and a skin biopsy is taken to be examined under the microscope or are subject to other molecular tests. That process reveals the histology of the disease and results in a specific diagnostic interpretation. In some cases, additional specialized testing needs to be performed on biopsies, including immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, flow cytometry, and molecular-pathologic analysis.[4]

One of the greatest challenges of dermatopathology is its scope. More than 1500 different disorders of the skin exist, including cutaneous eruptions ("rashes") and neoplasms (dermatological oncology deals with pre-cancers, such as an actinic keratosis; and cancers, including both benign masses, and malignant cancers- such as basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and most dangerously, malignant melanoma). Non-cancerous conditions include vitiligo, impetigo, purpura, pruritus, spider veins, warts, moles, oral or genital herpes, chancre sores of syphilis, exposure to poison ivy and similar plants or other venom sources, rashes, cysts, abscesses, corns, and dermabrasions or cases dealing with wrinkles, peeling skin, or autoimmune attacks on the skin. Therefore, dermatopathologists must maintain a broad base of knowledge in clinical dermatology, and be familiar with several other specialty areas in Medicine.[5]

Certification in dermatopathology in the United States and several other countries requires the completion of a medical degree, followed by residency training of 3 years in dermatology or 3 years in anatomic pathology (often completed as part of a 4-year combined residency in anatomic pathology and clinical pathology). Thereafter, an additional 1 or 2 years of post-residency education in dermatopathology is undertaken. For trainees with a primary background in pathology, the fellowship experience includes the equivalent of 6 months of clinical dermatology, and for those whose training is primarily in dermatology, 6 months of the fellowship are devoted to anatomic pathology. In the United States, dermatopathologists are first certified by the American Boards of Pathology or Dermatology, or the American Osteopathic Boards of Pathology or Dermatology, in the United Kingdom dermatopathologist are certified by the Royal College of Pathologist, and in the rest of the world by the International Board of Dermatopathology. Trainees then obtain subspecialty certification (termed "special competence") or Diploma in dermatopathology by written examination.[6][7] Since 2003, the International Board of Dermatopathology (IBDP)—headquartered in Graz, Austria—also has certified candidates from countries around the world. This is done by IBDP review of applicants' professional qualifications, and a written and practical examination that is given in Europe each year.[8][9]

In the United States, dermatopathology is practiced in a variety of settings. Some biopsies are interpreted by the dermatologists who obtained them, some are sent to pathology laboratories and interpreted either by general pathologists or dermatopathologists, while others are interpreted at specialized dermatopathology laboratories. Only a few of the latter exist outside of the United States.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Dermatopathology".
  2. ^ Jung, Ernst G.; Bayerl, Christiane, eds. (2005). 30 Jahre Aktuelle Dermatologie: ein Jubiläumsband ; 45 Tabellen. Stuttgart: Thieme. ISBN 978-3-13-141391-8.
  3. ^ David A., Mehregan. "Dermatopathology: Past and Present Journal of The Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society, 3, 1, S. 1, 2006" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-11-21. Retrieved 2024-02-03.
  4. ^ "Dermatopathology. Special stains and tests | DermNet NZ".
  5. ^ "Free eBooks Download: Dermatopathology: Third Edition by Raymond Barnhill, A. Neil Crowson, Cynthia Magro, Michael Piepkorn".
  6. ^ "American Board of Pathology".
  7. ^ "Certification Exam Summary". American Osteopathic Board of Dermatology. 2012. Archived from the original on 7 January 2013. Retrieved 2 October 2012.
  8. ^ "ICDP - International Committee for Dermatopathology".
  9. ^ Kerl H, Cerroni L, Burg G, et al. (February 2006). "International Board Certification in Dermatopathology: a worldwide effort to raise standards in dermatopathology". J. Cutan. Pathol. 33 (2): 156–9. doi:10.1111/j.0303-6987.2006.00390.x. PMID 16420311. S2CID 44636253.

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dermatopathology&oldid=1217198951"