Body of Lies (film) and Nuclear submarine: Difference between pages

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HMS *Astute*. When commissioned, Astute will be one of the most advanced submarines in the world.^[1]

A nuclear submarine is a ship powered by atomic energy which travels primarily underwater, but also on the surface of the ocean. Previously, conventional submarines used diesel engines that required air for moving on the surface of the water, and battery-powered electric motors for moving beneath it. The limited lifetime of electric batteries meant that even the most advanced conventional submarine could only remain submerged for a few days at slow speed, and only a few hours at top speed. On the other hand, nuclear submarines consume a relatively small amount of fuel. Because they carry their energy source with them, current generations of nuclear submarines will never need to be refuelled throughout their 25-year lifespans, meaning they can sail around the world 41 times without surfacing.^[2] This ability, combined with advanced weapons technology, makes nuclear submarines some of the most useful warships ever built.^[3]

History

Both US and USSR were pursuing the technologies to build a nuclear submarine to overcome the limitations of conventional submarines. Nuclear-powered submarines are one of the most potent symbols of the bygone U.S.-Soviet arms race.

The US headed the way and launched the USS Nautilus, the first nuclear submarine^[4]. USS Nautilus could circle the world underwater for up to four months without refuelling.

Construction of Nautilus was made possible by the successful development of a nuclear propulsion plant by a group of scientists and engineers at the Naval Reactors Branch of the Atomic Energy Commission. In July 1951, the US Congress authorized construction of the world's first nuclear powered submarine, under the leadership of Captain Hyman G. Rickover, USN.^[5] Admiral Rickover came up with the idea of nuclear submarines. The Westinghouse Corporation was assigned to build its reactor. After the submarine was completed, President Harry S. Truman broke the traditional bottle of champagne on Nautilus' bow. On January 17, 1955, it began its sea trials after leaving its dock in Groton, Connecticut. The submarine was 320 feet long, and cost about $55 million.

The Soviet Union soon followed the United States in developing nuclear-powered submarines in the 1950s. Stimulated by the US development of the USS Nautilus nuclear submarine, Soviet work on nuclear propulsion reactors began in the early 1950s at the Institute of Physics and Power Engineering, in Obninsk, under Anatoliy P. Alexandrov, later to become head of the Kurchatov Institute. In 1956, the first Soviet propulsion reactor designed by his team began operational testing. Meanwhile, a design team under Vladimir N. Peregudov worked on the vessel that would house the reactor. After overcoming many obstacles, including steam generation problems, radiation leaks, and other difficulties, the first nuclear submarine based on these combined efforts entered service in the Soviet Navy in 1958.^[6]

At the height of the Cold War, approximately five to ten nuclear submarines were being commissioned from each of the four Soviet submarine yards (Sevmash in Severodvinsk, Admiralteyskiye Verfi in St. Petersburg, Krasnoye Sormovo in Nizhniy Novgorod, and Amurskiy Zavod in Komsomolsk-na-Amure)^[7].

From the late 1950s through the end of 1997, the Soviet Union, and later Russia, built a total of 245 nuclear submarines, more than all other nations combined^[8].

Today, five countries deploy some form of nuclear-powered strategic submarines: the United States, Russia, France, the United Kingdom, and China^[9]. Several other countries, including Argentina, India and Brazil^[10]^[11], have ongoing projects in different phases to build nuclear-powered submarines.

Technology

The main difference between the standard submarine and the nuclear submarine is the power supply system. Nuclear submarines deploy nuclear reactors to drive the main propeller shaft, which provides the forward and reverse thrust in the water. The reactor uses highly enriched fuel to allow it to deliver a large amount of energy from a smaller reactor. The nuclear reactor also supplies energy to the submarine in order to maintain the air quality, maintain a fresh water supply by distilling the salted water from the ocean, maintain the temperature, etc.

Accidents

Some accidents related to the nuclear power supply have happened over the years, especially in the Soviet Navy.

K-19, 1961, reactor almost had a meltdown and explosion, which might have started a nuclear war. Several of the crew died of radiation exposure. It is dramatized by a film.

K-219, 1986, reactor almost had a meltdown and explosion, which might have contaminated the eastern seaboard of the US. Sergei Preminin died after he manually lowered the control rods, and stopped the explosion.

References

^ BBC NEWS | Business | Alien submarine breaks technical barriers
^ Naval Technology - SSN Astute Class - Attack Submarine
^ Submarine: Guided Tour Inside a Nuclear Submarine ISBN-10: 0006379478
^ USS Nautilus (SSN-571)
^ Nuclear Propulsion
^ Submarine History 1945-2000: A Timeline of Development
^ At the height of the Cold War, approximately five to ten nuclear submarines
^ CNS - Resources on Russian Nuclear Submarines
^ NTI: Submarine Proliferation
^ "Argentina, Brazil eye joint project for nuclear submarine". The Times of India. 25 February 2008. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
^ Sarah Diehl and Eduardo Fujii (March 2008), Brazil’s Pursuit of a Nuclear Submarine Raises Proliferation Concerns, WMD Insights, retrieved 2008-03-27

Template:Link FA

[1] BBC NEWS | Business | Alien submarine breaks technical barriers

[2] Naval Technology - SSN Astute Class - Attack Submarine

[3] Submarine: Guided Tour Inside a Nuclear Submarine ISBN-10: 0006379478

[4] USS Nautilus (SSN-571)

[5] Nuclear Propulsion

[6] Submarine History 1945-2000: A Timeline of Development

[7] At the height of the Cold War, approximately five to ten nuclear submarines

[8] CNS - Resources on Russian Nuclear Submarines

[9] NTI: Submarine Proliferation

[10] "Argentina, Brazil eye joint project for nuclear submarine". The Times of India. 25 February 2008. Retrieved 2008-03-27.

[11] Sarah Diehl and Eduardo Fujii (March 2008), Brazil’s Pursuit of a Nuclear Submarine Raises Proliferation Concerns, WMD Insights, retrieved 2008-03-27

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+[[Image:Astute2cropped.jpg|thumb|right|[[HMS Astute (S119)|HMS ''Astute'']].  When commissioned, Astute will be one of the most advanced submarines in the world.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6625477.stm BBC NEWS | Business | Alien submarine breaks technical barriers<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>]]
-{{Infobox Film
+A '''nuclear submarine''' is a ship powered by [[atomic energy]] which travels primarily underwater, but also on the surface of the [[ocean]].  Previously, [[submarine|conventional submarines]] used diesel engines that required air for moving on the surface of the water, and battery-powered electric motors for moving beneath it. The limited lifetime of electric batteries meant that even the most advanced conventional [[submarine]] could only remain submerged for a few days at slow speed, and only a few hours at top speed. On the other hand, nuclear submarines consume a relatively small amount of fuel. Because they carry their energy source with them, current generations of nuclear submarines will never need to be refuelled throughout their 25-year lifespans, meaning they can sail around the world 41 times without surfacing.<ref>[http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/astute/ Naval Technology - SSN Astute Class - Attack Submarine<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> This ability, combined with advanced weapons technology, makes nuclear submarines some of the most useful [[warships]] ever built.<ref>Submarine: Guided Tour Inside a Nuclear Submarine ISBN-10: 0006379478</ref>
-| name           = Body of Lies
-| image          = Body of lies poster.jpg
-| caption        = Theatrical release poster
-| director       = [[Ridley Scott]]
-| producer       = Ridley Scott<br/>Donald De Line
-| writer         = '''Novel:'''<br />[[David Ignatius]]<br />'''Screenplay:'''<br />[[William Monahan]]
-| starring       = [[Leonardo DiCaprio]]<br />[[Russell Crowe]]<br />[[Golshifteh Farahani]]<br />[[Carice van Houten]]<br />[[Vince Colosimo]]
-| music          = [[Marc Streitenfeld]]
-| cinematography =
-| editing        =
-| distributor    = [[Warner Bros.]]
-| released       = October&nbsp;10, 2008
-| runtime        =
-| country        = [[United States]]
-| language       = English
-| budget         =
-| gross          =
-| preceded_by    =
-| followed_by    =
-| website        = http://www.body-of-lies.com/
-| amg_id         = 1:393933
-| imdb_id        = 0758774
-}}
-'''''Body of Lies''''' is a [[2008 in film|2008]] [[Cinema of the United States|American]] [[action film|action]] [[film adaptation]] of the [[Body of Lies (novel)|novel of the same name]] by [[David Ignatius]] about a CIA operative who goes to Jordan to track a high-ranking terrorist.  The film is directed by [[Ridley Scott]], director of [[American Gangster (film)|American Gangster]] and [[Black Hawk Down (film)|Black Hawk Down]], written by [[William Monahan]], and stars [[Leonardo DiCaprio]], [[Russell Crowe]], Iranian actress [[Golshifteh Farahani]] and Australian actor [[Vince Colosimo]].  Production took place in Washington D.C. and [[Morocco]].  ''Body of Lies'' is scheduled to be released in the United States on October&nbsp;10, 2008. The film has been rated R by the MPAA. The film's tagline is "Trust No One, Deceive Everyone."
-==Premise==
+==History==
+Both [[US]] and [[USSR]] were pursuing the technologies to build a nuclear submarine to overcome the limitations of conventional submarines. Nuclear-powered submarines are one of the most potent symbols of the bygone U.S.-Soviet arms race.
-A CIA operative ([[Leonardo DiCaprio]]) is sent by his manipulative boss ([[Russell Crowe]]) to [[Jordan]] to find a high-ranking terrorist.  While in Jordan, the operative forms an uneasy alliance with the head of Jordan's covert operations.<ref name=team/>
+The US headed the way and launched the [[USS Nautilus (SSN-571)|USS Nautilus]], the first nuclear submarine<ref>[http://americanhistory.si.edu/subs/history/subsbeforenuc/revolution/nautilus.html USS Nautilus (SSN-571)<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>. USS Nautilus could circle the world underwater for up to four months without refuelling.
-==Cast==
-*[[Leonardo DiCaprio]] as '''Roger Ferris''', a CIA operative who is sent to Jordan.<ref name=crowe/>  DiCaprio chose to pursue the role because he considered it a throwback to political films in the 1970s such as ''[[The Parallax View]]'' (1974) and ''[[Three Days of the Condor]]'' (1975).<ref>{{cite news | first=Larry | last=Carroll | url=http://www.mtv.com/movies/news/articles/1567106/story.jhtml | title=Leonardo DiCaprio And Russell Crowe Will Be A Good 'Fit' In CIA Flick, Ridley Scott Hopes | work=MTV.com | publisher=[[MTV]] | date=2007-08-15 | accessdate=2007-11-30 }}</ref>
-*[[Russell Crowe]] as '''Ed Hoffman''', a manipulative CIA boss who teams with Ferris.<ref name="crowe" />  Crowe gained 63 pounds to suit his role.<ref>{{cite news | first=Sally | last=Grover | url=http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7009005325 | title=No Lies On Russell Crowe's Body | work=allheadlinenews.com | publisher=Celebrity News Service | date=2007-10-31 | accessdate=2007-11-30 }}</ref>  The actor said as a result of the film's exploration of the American government and foreign policy, "I don't think it will be very popular, but that’s never been part of my project choice process."<ref>{{cite news | first=Larry | last=Carroll | url=http://moviesblog.mtv.com/2007/08/24/russell-crowe-says-body-of-lies-probably-wont-be-popular/ | title=Russell Crowe Says ‘Body Of Lies’ Probably Won’t Be Popular | work=MTV.com | publisher=[[MTV]] | date=2007-08-24 | accessdate=2007-11-30 }}</ref>
-*[[Golshifteh Farahani]] as '''Aisha''', Ferris' nurse in Jordan.
-<!--van Houten not seen in the film
-*[[Carice van Houten]] as Roger Ferris' ex-wife.<ref>{{cite journal | first=Borys | last=Kit | url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/news/e3iafd724b50c2b4b11e5d32ffe3149548e | title=Van Houten two-timing leading men | journal=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] | publisher=[[Nielsen Company]] | date=[[2007-10-12]] | accessdate=2007-10-12 }}</ref>-->
-*[[Mark Strong]] as Hani Salaam, head of the [[Jordan|Jordanian]] General Intelligence Department {GID).<ref>Warner Bros., ''Body of Lies'' production notes, p. 7</ref> Strong ascribed his acquisition of the role to his performances in the 2005 films ''[[Syriana]]'' and ''[[Oliver Twist (2005 film)|Oliver Twist]]''.<ref>{{cite news | author= | url= | title=Accidental anti-hero | work=[[The Independent]] | publisher=[[Independent News & Media]] | date=2007-10-19 }}</ref>
-*[[Vince Colosimo]] as '''Skip''', Ferris aide-de-camp in Jordan.
-*[[Oscar Isaac]]<ref>{{cite journal | first=Ali | last=Jaafar | url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117988350.html?categoryid=19&cs=1 | title=Oscar Isaac joins 'Balibo' | journal=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] | publisher=[[Reed Business Information]] | date=[[2008-07-01]] | accessdate=2008-07-15 }}</ref> as Bassam, Ferris' translator and partner in [[Samarra]], [[Iraq]].<ref name=prod9>Production notes, p. 9</ref>
-*[[Simon McBurney]] as '''Garland''', an eccentric CIA computer whiz.<ref>Production notes, p. 10</ref>
-*[[Ali Suliman]] as '''Omar Sadiki''', an innocent [[architect]] used by Ferris as a pawn.<ref name=prod9 />
+Construction of Nautilus was made possible by the successful development of a nuclear propulsion plant by a group of scientists and engineers at the [[Naval Reactors|Naval Reactors Branch]] of the [[Atomic Energy Commission]]. In July 1951, the [[US Congress]] authorized construction of the world's first nuclear powered submarine, under the leadership of Captain Hyman G. Rickover, USN.<ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/ship/systems/nuclear-history.htm Nuclear Propulsion<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> [[Admiral Rickover]] came up with the idea of nuclear submarines. The Westinghouse Corporation was assigned to build its reactor. After the submarine was completed, President [[Harry S. Truman]] broke the traditional bottle of champagne on Nautilus' bow. On [[January 17]], 1955, it began its sea trials after leaving its dock in Groton, [[Connecticut]]. The submarine was 320 feet long, and cost about $55 million.
-==Production==
-{{rquote|right|It's about Islam, where we are and where we're not, and it's a very interesting, proactive, internalized view of that whole subject.|[[Ridley Scott]]<ref>{{cite news | author= | url= | title=Ridley Scott, the man who brought us Blade Runner, Alien and Gladiator -- to name a few -- is back, this time with American Gangster | work=[[Irish Independent]] | publisher=[[Independent News & Media]] | date=2007-11-16 }}</ref>}}
-In March 2006, [[Warner Bros.]] hired screenwriter [[William Monahan]] to adapt the novel ''Penetration'' by [[David Ignatius]] into a feature film, which would be directed by [[Ridley Scott]].<ref name=team>{{cite journal | first=Michael | last=Fleming | url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117939610.html?categoryid=1972&cs=1 | title=Warner sets spy team | journal=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] | publisher=[[Reed Business Information]] | date=[[2006-03-12]] | accessdate=2007-04-29 }}</ref>  In April 2007, with the novel re-titled ''[[Body of Lies (novel)|Body of Lies]]'' and the film similarly re-titled, actor [[Leonardo DiCaprio]] was cast in the lead role.<ref name=star>{{cite journal | first=Michael | last=Fleming | url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117962692.html?categoryid=13&cs=1 | title=DiCaprio to star in 'Body of Lies' | journal=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] | publisher=[[Reed Business Information]] | date=[[2007-04-08]] | accessdate=2007-04-29 }}</ref>  After DiCaprio was cast, [[Russell Crowe]] was courted for a supporting role, to which he formally committed after Monahan's script was revised by [[Steve Zaillian]], who scripted Scott and Crowe's ''[[American Gangster (film)|American Gangster]]''.<ref name=crowe>{{cite journal | first=Michael | last=Fleming | url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117967795.html?categoryid=13&cs=1 | title=Crowe 'Lies' with DiCaprio | journal=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] | publisher=[[Reed Business Information]] | date=[[2007-06-27]] | accessdate=2007-06-28 }}</ref>
+The [[Soviet Union]] soon followed the [[United States]] in developing nuclear-powered submarines in the 1950s. Stimulated by the US development of the USS Nautilus nuclear submarine, Soviet work on nuclear propulsion reactors began in the early 1950s at the Institute of Physics and Power Engineering, in [[Obninsk]], under Anatoliy P. Alexandrov, later to become head of the [[Kurchatov Institute]]. In 1956, the first Soviet propulsion reactor designed by his team began operational testing. Meanwhile, a design team under Vladimir N. Peregudov worked on the vessel that would house the reactor.  After overcoming many obstacles, including steam generation problems, radiation leaks, and other difficulties, the first nuclear submarine based on these combined efforts entered service in the Soviet Navy in 1958.<ref>[http://www.submarine-history.com/NOVAfour.htm Submarine History 1945-2000: A Timeline of Development<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
-Production took place in Washington D.C., Europe, and the Middle East.<ref name=star/>  Scott sought to film in [[Dubai]] in the [[United Arab Emirates]], but the federation's National Media Council denied the director permission due to the script's politically sensitive nature.  As a result, scenes set in the Middle East were instead filmed in [[Morocco]].<ref>{{cite journal | first=Ali | last=Jaafar | url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117969700.html?categoryId=2523&cs=1 | title=Dubai rejects Scott's 'Lies' | journal=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] | publisher=[[Reed Business Information]] | date=[[2007-08-03]] | accessdate=2007-11-30 }}</ref>  Filming began on September&nbsp;5, 2007 at the [[Eastern Market, Washington, D.C.]]<ref>{{cite news | first=Amy | last=Argetsinger | coauthors=Roxanne Roberts | url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/05/AR2007090502416.html | title=Reel Thrills in the Neighborhood | work=[[The Washington Post]] | publisher=[[Washington Post Company]] | date=2007-09-06 | accessdate=2007-11-30 }}</ref>  Part of [[Capitol Hill, Washington, D.C.|Capitol Hill]] neighborhood was converted to resemble a wintry [[Amsterdam]] to film ten to fifteen seconds of a [[car bomb|car bombing]].<ref>{{cite news | first=Gene | last=Weingarten | url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/25/AR2007092501980.html | title=Boom Town | work=[[The Washington Post]] | publisher=[[Washington Post Company]] | date=2007-09-30 | accessdate=2007-11-30 }}</ref>  Filming took place in [[Gaithersburg, Maryland]] to stand in for [[Northern Virginia]].<ref>{{cite news | first=Andrew | last=Childers | url= | title=Crowe, crew film here | work=[[The Capital]] | publisher=[[Landmark Communications]] | date=2007-09-08 }}</ref>  Locations in [[Baltimore]] also stood in for [[Manchester|Manchester, England]] and [[Munich|Munich, Germany]].  Production moved to Morocco afterward,<ref>{{cite news | author= | url=http://www.usatoday.com/life/movies/2007-09-08-487934708_x.htm | title=Russell Crowe filming in Maryland | work=[[USA Today]] | publisher=[[Gannett Company]] | date=2007-09-08 | accessdate=2007-11-30 }}</ref> where a nine-week shoot took place at CLA Studios in the city of [[Ouarzazate]].<ref>{{cite journal | first=Ali | last=Jaafar | url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117975732.html?categoryId=1445&cs=1 | title=Moroccan studios having a mixed year | journal=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] | publisher=[[Reed Business Information]] | date=[[2007-11-09]] | accessdate=2007-11-30 }}</ref> Filming wrapped in December 2007.<ref>{{cite journal | first=Glen | last=Ferris | title = Scott On His Upcoming Slate | journal = [[Empire (magazine)|Empire]] | publisher=[[Bauer Verlagsgruppe]] | date = [[2008-02-11]] | url = http://www.empireonline.com/news/story.asp?NID=21970 | accessdate=2008-02-11}}</ref>
+At the height of the Cold War, approximately five to ten nuclear submarines were being commissioned from each of the four Soviet submarine yards (Sevmash in [[Severodvinsk]], Admiralteyskiye Verfi in [[St. Petersburg]], Krasnoye Sormovo in [[Nizhniy Novgorod]], and Amurskiy Zavod in [[Komsomolsk-na-Amure]])<ref>At the height of the Cold War, approximately five to ten nuclear submarines</ref>.
-==Music==
-The score to ''Body of Lies'' was composed by composer [[Marc Streitenfeld]], who has now composed music for Ridley Scott for three features.  He recorded the orchestral portions of his score at the Eastwood Scoring Stage at Warner Brothers Studios.<ref name=scoring>{{cite news | first=Dan | last=Goldwasser | url=http://www.scoringsessions.com/news/141 | title=Marc Streitenfeld scores Ridley Scott's ''House of Lies'' | work=ScoringSessions.com | date=2008-06-19 | accessdate=2008-06-19 }}</ref>
-It has also been speculated that a song called "If The World" by [[Guns N Roses]] off of their long-delayed [[Chinese Democracy]] album will be included on the soundtrack. This was confirmed by [[Del James]], a close friend of the band.
+From the late 1950s through the end of 1997, the [[Soviet Union]], and later [[Russia]], built a total of 245 nuclear submarines, more than all other nations combined<ref>[http://cns.miis.edu/research/rus_sub/sub.htm CNS - Resources on Russian Nuclear Submarines<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>.
-==Release==
-''Body of Lies'' has been reported as a film to screen out of competition at the [[65th Venice International Film Festival]] in August-September 2008.<ref>{{cite journal | first=Eric J | last=Lyman | url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/awards_festivals/news/e3iac5edbea24551b65634e3ed00c01d7eb | title=As Cannes closes, eyes turn to Venice | journal=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] | publisher=[[Nielsen Company]] | date=[[2008-05-21]] | accessdate=2008-07-15 }}</ref>  The film is scheduled to be commercially released in theaters in the United States on [[October 10]] [[2008]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.comingsoon.net/films.php?id=21588 | title=Body of Lies | work=ComingSoon.net | publisher=Coming Soon Media, L.P | accessdate=2007-12-24 }}</ref>  The film has also been purchased by [[Turner Broadcasting System]] to screen on the television networks [[TBS]] and [[Turner Network Television]].<ref>{{cite journal | first=John | last=Dempsey | url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117981555.html?categoryid=13&cs=1&nid=2562 | title=TNT, TBS nab pack of WB films | journal=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] | publisher=[[Reed Business Information]] | date=[[2008-03-27]] | accessdate=2008-03-11 }}</ref>
-There is also a track on the soundtrack feature Serj Tankian and Mike Patton, a new song by Guns N' Roses "If The World" plays over the end credits.
+Today, five countries deploy some form of nuclear-powered strategic submarines: the [[United States]], [[Russia]], [[France]], the [[United Kingdom]], and [[China]]<ref>[http://www.nti.org/db/submarines/ NTI: Submarine Proliferation<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>. Several other countries, including [[Argentina]], [[India]] and [[Brazil]]<ref>{{cite news| url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/World/Rest_of_World/Argentina_Brazil_eye_joint_project_for_nuclear_submarine/articleshow/2811118.cms| title=Argentina, Brazil eye joint project for nuclear submarine|publisher=[[The Times of India]]|date=25 February 2008|accessdate=2008-03-27}}</ref><ref>{{citation|url=http://www.wmdinsights.com/I23/I23_LA1_BrazilPursuit.htm|title=Brazil’s Pursuit of a Nuclear Submarine Raises Proliferation Concerns|author=Sarah Diehl and Eduardo Fujii|publisher=WMD Insights|date=March 2008|accessdate=2008-03-27}}</ref>, have ongoing projects in different phases to build nuclear-powered submarines.
-The film was pre-screened on September 30, 2008 at Michigan Technological University,<ref>http://filmbrd.students.mtu.edu/term.php</ref> and October 2, 2008 at the Duke University, University of Maryland and University of Virginia. It was also pre-screened on October 3rd, at [[Worcester Polytechnic Institute]], at Michigan State University, at the University of Michigan , the University of Kansas and the [[University of Chicago]] on October 7th, and at Cornell University, [[Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute]], The University at Buffalo, James Madison University and the [[University of Washington]] on October 9th.
-==References==
+==Technology==
-{{reflist|2}}
+The main difference between the standard submarine and the nuclear submarine is the power supply system. Nuclear submarines deploy nuclear reactors to drive the main propeller shaft, which provides the forward and reverse thrust in the water. The reactor uses highly enriched fuel to allow it to deliver a large amount of energy from a smaller reactor. The nuclear reactor also supplies energy to the submarine in order to maintain the air quality, maintain a fresh water supply by distilling the salted water from the ocean, maintain the temperature, etc.
-==External links==
-*[http://www.body-of-lies.com/ Official site and trailer]
+==Accidents==
-*{{imdb title|id=0758774|title=Body of Lies}}
-*{{amg title|id=1:393933|title=Body of Lies}}
+Some accidents related to the nuclear power supply have happened over the years, especially in the [[Soviet Navy]].
-*{{rotten-tomatoes|id=10009225-body_of_lies|title=Body of Lies}}
-*{{metacritic film|id=bodyoflies|title=Body of Lies}}
+*[[K-19]], 1961, reactor almost had a meltdown and explosion, which might have started a nuclear war. Several of the crew died of [[radiation]] exposure. It is dramatized by a film.
-*{{mojo title|id=bodyoflies|title=Body of Lies}}
-*[http://www.scoringsessions.com/sessions/29803 Scoring Session Photo Gallery at ScoringSessions.com]
+*[[K-219]], 1986, reactor almost had a meltdown and explosion, which might have contaminated the eastern seaboard of the US. [[Sergei Preminin]] died after he manually lowered the control rods, and stopped the explosion.
+==See also==
+* [[Submarine]]
+* [[Ballistic missile submarine]]
+==References==
+{{Reflist|2}}
+[[Category:Submarines]]
-{{Ridley Scott Films}}
+{{Link FA|de}}
-[[Category:2008 films]]
-[[Category:American films]]
-[[Category:English-language films]]
-[[Category:Films about terrorism]]
-[[Category:Films directed by Ridley Scott]]
-[[Category:Spy films]]
-[[Category:Warner Bros. films]]
-[[Category:Films based on thriller novels]]
+[[de:Atom-U-Boot]]
-[[ar:كتلة أكاذيب (فيلم)]]
+[[fa:زیردریایی هسته‌ای]]
-[[de:Der Mann, der niemals lebte]]
+[[he:צוללת גרעינית]]
-[[fa:مجموعه دروغ‌ها]]
-[[fr:Mensonges d'état]]
+[[nl:Atoomonderzeeboot]]
+[[ja:原子力潜水艦]]
-[[it:Nessuna verità]]
-[[hu:Hazugságok hálója]]
+[[pt:Submarino nuclear]]
+[[ru:Атомная подводная лодка]]
-[[nl:Body of Lies]]
+[[sv:Atomubåt]]
-[[ru:Совокупность лжи]]
+[[zh:核子動力潛艇]]
-[[sv:Body of Lies (film)]]
-[[tr:Body of Lies (film)]]